Hypanus americanus (Hildebrand & Schroeder 1928) (Fig. 6C). Southern Stingray; Raya-Látigo Americana, Raya Látigo Blanca

Vouchers: Not available. Distribution: Western Atlantic Ocean; from New Jersey, USA, to southern Brazil; entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; (Nicaragua) BF (Atlantic); 0–3 masl; Per, Dia, Amp. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat; NT A2bd (2020), population trend decreasing. Literature: van den Berghe (2015: 44, as Dasyatis americanus —synonym; listed, including an illustration and information on distribution and ecology) and Robertson & Van Tassell (2019: 2740; detailed description, including illustrations, and information on distribution, with a map, and ecology).