Aname convoluta sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 66D33B3D-2D22-4A6A-8962-544BC637A32A

Figs 1, 6, 23–24

Diagnosis

Males of A. convoluta sp. nov. can be distinguished from all species for which males are known except A. attenuata, A. blackdownensis, A. ferruginea sp. nov., A. giraulti, A. intermedia sp. nov., A. pallida, and A. vigilata sp. nov. by a moderate to large body size (carapace length> 4.0 mm), and the presence of a long embolus (embolus length / bulb length>1.5), a proximal excavation less than or equal to half the length of metatarsus I, and a prominent and sharp heel on metatarsus I (Fig. 23Q). Males of A. convoluta can be distinguished from those of A. ferruginea, A. giraulti, and A. pallida by the presence of an embolus that is not reflexed and does not have a small hook at the tip, and the presence of thorn-like setae along the retrolateral edge of the asetose depression on the palp tibia (Fig. 23K–M; cf. Figs 15, 25, 27). Males of A. convoluta can be distinguished from those of A. attenuata, A. blackdownensis, and A. vigilata by the presence of a longer embolus (embolus length / bulb length>2) (Fig. 23L; cf. Figs 18, 21, 33). Males of A. convoluta can be distinguished from those of A. intermedia by the presence of a more gradually tapering embolus, with a narrower basal section (Fig. 23L–M; cf. Fig. 29).

Females of A. convoluta sp. nov. can be distinguished from all species for which females are known except A. attenuata, A. blackdownensis, and A. platensis sp. nov. by the presence of spermathecae with two vesicles, with relatively long and straight lateral vesicles (lateral vesicle length / genitalia width>0.25), and long medial vesicles (medial vesicle length / lateral vesicle length>1) that project at an antero-medial angle (Fig. 24L). Females of A. convoluta can be distinguished from those of A. attenuata, A. blackdownensis, and A. platensis by the presence of spermathecae with longer, cork-screw shaped medial vesicles (medial vesicle length/ genitalia width ~ 0.6; cf. <0.5) (Fig. 24L; cf. Figs 19–20, 22, 32).

Etymology

The specific epithet ‘ convoluta ’ is a Latin adjective meaning ‘coiled’ or ‘twisted’, in reference to the long, coiled medial receptacle of the female genitalia of this species.

Type material

Holotype

AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♂; Brigalow Reserve Station; 24°48′ S, 149°46′ E; 160 m a.s.l.; 28 Oct.–16 Dec. 2000; D.J. Cook and G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap, belah/brigalow; QMB S57732.

Paratypes

AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♂; Brigalow Reserve Station; 24°48′ S, 149°45′ E; 160 m a.s.l.; 29 Oct.–16 Dec. 2000; D.J. Cook and G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall, vine scrub; QMB S57747 • 1 ♂; Brigalow Reserve Station; 24°48′ S, 149°47′ E; 28 Oct.–16 Dec. 2000; G.B. Monteith leg.; vine scrub; QMB S57752 • 2 ♂♂; Brigalow Reserve Station; 24°48′ S, 149°46′ E; 16 Dec. 2000 – 28 Mar. 2001; P. Lawless leg.; pitfall trap; QMB S62155 • 1 ♂; Brigalow Reserve Station; 24°48′ S, 149°45′ E; 16 Dec. 2000 – 28 Mar. 2001; D.J. Cook and G.B. Monteith leg.; intercept trap, vine scrub; QMB S63021 • 1 ♂; Brigalow Reserve Station; 24°48′ S, 149°47′ E; 170 m a.s.l.; 16 Dec. 2000 – 28 Mar. 2001; D.J. Cook and G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap, brigalow; QMB S63078 .

Other material examined

AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 2 ♂♂; Isla Gorge National Park; 25°12′ S, 149°58′ E; 170 m a.s.l.; 4 Apr. 1998; D.J. Cook and G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap, brigalow; QMB S44514 • 1 ♂; Expedition Range National Park, Ampitheatre Scrub; 25°13′ S, 148°59′ E; 360 m a.s.l.; 25 Sep.–17 Dec. 1997; G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap, vine scrub; QMB S44789 • 1 ♂; Isla Gorge National Park, 8.4 km SSW of lookout; 25°16′ S, 149°56′ E; 21 Sep.–19 Dec. 1997; D.J. Cook and G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap; QMB S44308 • 1 ♂; Gwambegwine, NW on Taroom-Bauhinia Downs Road; 25°20′ S, 149°40′ E; 279 m a.s.l.; 15 Apr. 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; excavated, open burrow on ground; QMB S118258 • 1 ♂; Gwambegwine, NW on Taroom-Bauhinia Downs Road; 25°21′ S, 149°40′ E; 264 m a.s.l.; 15 Apr. 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; excavated, open burrow on ground; QMB S118256 • 1 ♀; Gwambegwine, NW on Taroom-Bauhinia Downs Road; 25°25′ S, 149°45′ E; 266 m a.s.l.; 15 Apr. 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; excavated, open burrow on ground; QMB S118255 • 2 ♂♂; Boggomoss, near Taroom; 25°26′ S, 150°01′ E; 12 Nov. 1996 – 1 Jan. 1997; D.J. Cook and G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap, softwood scrub; QMB S36354 • 2 ♂♂; Boggomoss, near Taroom; 25°26′ S, 150°01′ E; 9 Sep.– 12 Nov. 1996; P. Lawless leg.; pitfall trap; QMB S75650 • 1 ♂; Boggomoss, near Taroom; 25°26′ S, 150°01′ E; 160 m a.s.l.; 9 Sep.–11 Nov. 1996; D.J. Cook and G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap, belah/ brigalow; QMB S75713 .

Description

Male (holotype, QMB S57732)

GENERAL (Fig. 23A–Q). Body length 16.57, in good condition, colour presumably faded due to preservation.

DORSAL PROSOMA (Fig. 23A, E–F). Carapace length 6.79, width 5.63, length/width 1.21, clypeus to fovea length/carapace length 0.70, caput width/carapace width 0.64, carapace red-orange, caput much darker than thorax, reflective setae present, heavy on caput, light on thorax, fovea procurved, fovea width/ carapace length 0.13 (Fig. 23A, F); chelicerae dark red-brown, rastellum absent or inconspicuous, chelicerae length/carapace length 0.45 (Fig. 23A); eye group rectangular, width/length 1.97, eye tubercle present (Fig. 23E).

ABDOMEN (Fig. 23B, D). Abdomen length 6.77, light grey, dorsal pattern absent, with reflective setae on anterior portion.

VENTRAL PROSOMA (Fig. 23C, G–I). Labium cuspules absent (Fig. 23H); maxillae heel distinct, cuspules present, count =about 90, extending posteriorly onto heel, extending laterally about 25% of maxillae length (Fig. 23C, I); coxae cuspules absent, thorn-like setae on prolateral face present (Fig. 23C, I); sternum length/width 1.18, central sternum with consistent covering of short setae, row of longer setae around posterior edges (Fig. 23G–H); posterior sigilla ovoid, central sternum to posterior sigilla length/ sternum length 0.25, posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.16 (Fig. 23G–H); other sigilla small, round and lateral (Fig. 23G–H).

LEG I (Fig. 23N–Q). Leg I orange, femur length 5.57, patella length 3.52, tibia length 4.14, metatarsus length 3.60, tarsus length 2.58, total length 19.40, leg I length/carapace length 2.86 (Fig. 23N–O); scopulae on distal metatarsus and tarsus (Fig. 23N–O); spine count Fe D 1, Fe PL 1, Pa PL 2, Ti PL 0, Ti RL 0, Me PL 0, Me RL 0, Ta 0 (Fig. 23N–O); tibia length/width [TIL/TID] 3.25, even width along length, spur present, intermediate triangular/digitiform, knuckle absent, megaspine angled at 26 degrees, length to distal face of spur/tibia length [TIS/TIL] 0.45, spur height/tibia width [TISH/ TID] 0.44, megaspine length/tibia length 0.22 (Fig. 23N–P); metatarsus relatively straight, proximal excavation present, excavation concave with pronounced heel, heel sharp, excavation length/metatarsus length [MIPEL/MIL] 0.50, metatarsus length/width [MIL/MID] 3.47 (Fig. 23N–O, Q).

PEDIPALP (Fig. 23J–M). Tibia length 2.70, width 1.02, length/width [PTL/PTD] 2.64, asetose depression present, depression length/palp tibia length [PDL/PTL] 0.61, retrolateral face with short, thorn-like setae along retrolateral edge of depression, ventral face with two elongate bristle-like setae below depression, prolateral face with two disto-ventral spines, disto-medial spine absent (Fig. 23J–K); patella prolateral face with 2 spines (Fig. 23J–K); cymbium with scopulae present distally (Fig. 23J–K); copulatory organ total length 1.65, length/palp tibia length 0.61 (Fig. 23L–M); bulb length/width 0.89 (Fig. 23L–M); embolus tapering from bulb, attenuate, tapering and curving relatively evenly to point, one slight bend, at about 0.4 of length, width at base/bulb width 0.28, embolus length/bulb length 2.30 (Fig. 23L–M).

Female (QMB S118255)

GENERAL (Fig. 24A–L). Body length 24.45, in good condition.

DORSAL PROSOMA (Fig. 24A, E–F). Carapace length 6.96, width 5.84, length/width 1.19, clypeus to fovea length/carapace length 0.67, caput width/carapace width 0.76, carapace red-brown, reflective setae present, heavy on caput, moderate on thorax, fovea procurved, fovea width/carapace length 0.17 (Fig. 24A, F); chelicerae dark red-brown, rastellum absent or inconspicuous, chelicerae length/carapace length 0.65 (Fig. 24A); eye group rectangular, width/length 2.11, eye tubercle present (Fig. 24E).

ABDOMEN (Fig. 24B, D). Abdomen length 12.34, dark grey, dorsal pattern absent, with consistent cover of short setae.

VENTRAL PROSOMA (Fig. 24C, G–I). Labium cuspules absent (Fig. 24H); maxillae heel distinct, cuspules present, count =about 84, extending posteriorly onto heel, extending laterally about 30% of maxillae length (Fig. 24C, I); coxae cuspules absent, thorn-like setae on prolateral face present (Fig. 24C, I); sternum length/width 1.14, central sternum with consistent covering of moderate setae, row of longer setae around posterior edges (Fig. 24G–H); posterior sigilla semi-elongate, central sternum to posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.20, posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.18 (Fig. 24G–H); other sigilla small, round and lateral (Fig. 24G–H).

LEG I (Fig. 24J–K). Leg I red-brown, darker on patella and tibia, femur length 5.54, patella length 3.65, tibia length 3.62, metatarsus length 3.32, tarsus length 2.23, total length 18.35, leg I length/carapace length 2.64; scopulae on distal metatarsus and tarsus; spine count Fe D 0, Fe PL 1, Pa PL 1, Ti PL 0, Ti RL 4, Me PL 2, Me RL 3, Ta 0; tibia length/width [TIL/TID] 3.02.

GENITALIA (Fig. 24D, L). Epigastric furrow unmodified (Fig. 24D); spermathecae with two vesicles each (Fig. 24L); lateral vesicle relatively straight, length 0.51, lateral vesicle length/genitalia width 0.35, length/width at base 1.81, crown un-demarcated (Fig. 24L); medial vesicle undulating towards anterior, medial vesicle length/genitalia width 0.61, length/width 3.92, medial vesicle length/lateral vesicle length 1.73 (Fig. 24L).

Distribution and natural history

Aname convoluta sp. nov. occurs in south-eastern Queensland in the Brigalow Belt South bioregion. It occurs west of Eidsvold, near the Palmgrove and Isla Gorge National Parks, with its range between Taroom in the south and Roundstone in the north (Fig. 6). It constructs an open, silk-lined burrow without silk outside of the entrance, often on an angle, and with a hidden secondary ‘wishbone’ entrance (Fig. 6).