Key to Neohydatothrips species from China (adapted from Wang 2007)

1. Antenna 7-segmented.................................................................................. 2

-. Antenna 8-segmented (Figs 3 and 5)....................................................................... 3

2. Fore wing second vein with 2 distal setae; mid- and hind tibiae yellow; posterior margin of pronotal blotch weakly concave medially [Yunnan, Taiwan]............................................................... plynopygus (Karny)

-. Fore wing second vein without setae; mid- and hind tibiae brown, yellow apically; posterior margin of pronotal blotch deeply concave medially [Sichuan]........................................................ xestosternitus Han and Cui

3. Fore wing second vein without setae...................................................................... 4

-. Fore wing second vein with at least 1 distal seta............................................................ 10

4. Pronotal blotch weakly sclerotized [Taiwan].................................................. gracilipes (Hood)

- Pronotal blotch well sclerotized.......................................................................... 5

5. Abdominal tergites I–III and VI with brown semi-elliptical areas clearly separated from median yellow areas............. 6

-. Abdominal tergites without such brown semi-elliptical areas................................................... 7

6. Occipital apodeme touching posterior margin of eyes. Male with very large and oval pore plate on sternites VI and VII [Guangdong, Taiwan]................................................................... tabulifer (Priesner)

-. Occipital apodeme not touching posterior margin of eyes (Fig. 6). Male without pore plate on abdominal sternites [Guangdong, Hainan]................................................................................ luteolipes n. sp.

7. Body pale yellowish, laterals of abdominal tergites II–III and tergite VIII grayish shaded [Hainan].......... trypherus Han

-. Body bicolored yellow and brown........................................................................ 8

8. Posterior margin of blotch straight; fore wing dark with base paler [Yunnan, Fujian].......... magnoliae Zhang, Xie and Li

-. Posterior margin of blotch deeply concave medially; fore wing with transverse bands................................ 9

9. Fore wing with three dark bands; antennal segment I brown [Taiwan].............................. samayunkur Kudô

-. Fore wing with two dark bands; antennal segment I yellowish [Inner Mongolia, Ningxia].............. tadzhicus (Pelikan)

10. Fore wing second vein with 1 distal seta................................................................... 11

-. Fore wing second vein with 2 distal setae.................................................................. 13

11. Mid and hind tibiae yellow; pronotal blotch deeply concave posteriorly [Sichuan]....................... elaeagni Kudô

-. Mid and hind tibiae brown; posterior margin of pronotal blotch straight.......................................... 12

12. Posterior margins of abdominal tergites with craspedum; occipital apodeme not touching posterior margin of eyes [Inner Mon- golia, Ningxia, Hubei]............................................................... gracilicornis (Williams)

- Posterior margins of abdominal tergites without craspedum; occipital apodeme touching posterior margin of eyes [Northeast China, Fujian]........................................................................ epipactis (Kurosawa)

13. Posterior margin of pronotal blotch deeply concave medially (Fig. 1) [Hunan]......................... concavus n. sp.

- Posterior margin of pronotal blotch straight................................................................ 14

14. Abdominal tergite VI paler than other tergites. Median metanotal setae situated on antecostal ridges. Abdominal sternite VII with two protuberance at anterior margin [Taiwan]................................................ surrufus Wang

- Abdominal tergites V–VI paler than other tergites (cf. Fig. 8). Median metanotal setae situated far from antecostal ridges. Anterior portion of sternite VII not forming 2 protuberances.................................................. 15

15. Abdominal tergites II–IV with longitudinal wrinkles among microtrichia [Taiwan]........................ medius Wang

- Abdominal tergites II–IV without wrinkles among microtrichia [Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi]........ flavicingulus n. sp.