S. yunnanensis Yao et van Achterberg, sp. nov.

Figs 1–2

Material. Holotype, ♀ (BIIC), China, Yunnan, Gaoligong Mountain, Old Street, 98°47’ 15.21” N, 25°18’ 01.59” E, elevation 1941m, Malaise trap, 15–30.IX.2019, Lang Yi. Non-paratype: 1♂ (BIIC), China, Yunnan, Gaoligong Mountain, Gangfang, 98°46’ 11.35” N, 25°17 ‘57.26” E, elevation 2390m, Malaise trap, 30.VI–15.VII.2020, Lang Yi.

Description (Fig. 1). Holotype, ♀, length of body 3.0 mm, of fore wing 2.6 mm.

Head. Median length of head 0.5 × its width (Fig. 1E). Occipital carina nearly complete, medially present weakly (Fig. 1F). Antenna with 18 antennomeres (left one intact, right one 17 left); scapus robust, slightly wider 1.3 × wider and 4.7 × longer than pedicellus, F1 1.3 × F2, length of F1, F2, tenth and penultimate antennomeres 4.7, 3.5, 1.2, 1.7 × their width, respectively (Fig. 1M). Eyes slightly protruding (Fig. 1D, 1E), glabrous, its length 1.1 × length of temple in dorsal view (Fig. 1E). Temples narrowed behind eyes (Fig. 1E). Frons slightly concave medially, reticulate below, laterally reticulate and extending from anterior ocellus to antennal sockets. Vertex and temple reticulate. Ocelli small, arranged in regular triangle; POL:OD: OOL= 8:5:12. Length of face 0.6 × its width (Fig. 1C); face protruding near antennal sockets, reticulate, medially convex reticulate, longitudinal ridge obvious and dorsal 1/4 smooth, almost complete to clypeus, obliquely rugose near dorsolateral corners (Fig. 1C). Clypeus distinctly separated from face, evenly convex, sparsely punctulate and with obliquely stripe in apical 1/4, wider laterally; length of clypeus 0.6 × its width; clypeus truncate apico-medially (Fig. 1C). Hypoclypeal depression small. Length of malar space 0.8 × basal width of mandible. Mandible long, upper tooth much longer than lower tooth, with deep basal depression.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.7 × its height. Sides of pronotum smooth medially, remainder largely punctate (Fig. 1I). Mesoscutum densely reticulate, slightly concave and more coarsely reticulate postero-medially (Fig. 1J). Scutellum shallowly punctate, nearly smooth. Scutellar sulcus widely crenulate, with 6 areolae (Fig. 1J). Mesopleuron convex medially and sparsely punctate, densely punctate-reticulate basally, precoxal sulcus indistinct but densely punctate (Fig. 1I). Postpectal carina distinct (Fig. 1G). Metapleuron slightly convex, punctate-reticulate, slightly smooth near middle coxa. Propodeum mostly densely reticulate, narrowly smooth basally, basal 1/4 of propodeal median carina distinct, transverse carina strong, connected with two lateral longitudinal ridges, dorsal part of propodeum 2.0 × longer than its posterior part, posterior part without longitudinal ridges (Fig. 1J).

Wings. Fore wing: length of pterostigma 2.5 × its width; length of vein 1-R1 and SR1 not complete, r:3-SR =4:7; second submarginal cell large, roof-shaped; 2-SR, 2-M and m-cu not complete; vein 2-SR+M and r-m absent; vein m-cu postfurcal; vein cu-a distinctly postfurcal; cu-a not complete, 1-CU1:2-CU1=1:8 (Fig. 1B). Hind wing: vein 2-SC+R longitudinal (= horizontal); vein r absent; M+CU:1-M=47:26 (Fig. 1B).

Legs. Hind coxa smooth; hind femur robust, but fore and middle femora normal; length of hind femur 3.0 × its maximum width; hind tibia widened apically, slightly shorter than hind tarsus (Fig. 1K); length of hind basitarsus 2.2 and 1.5 × inner hind tibial spur respectively, 0.2 × length of hind tarsus.

Metasoma. Surface of T1 and apical 1/2 of T3 longitudinally reticulate-rugose, T2 and basal 1/2 of T3 shallowly reticulate and with dense longitudinal rugae; length of T1:T2:T3=31:27:50; length of T1 and T2 0.8 × and 0.5 × their apical width, respectively, length of T3 1.1 × its basal width (Fig. 1L); metasomal carapace less emarginate apico-ventrally in posterior view and with narrower lamella, with distinct depression above emargination and with conspicuous pale bristles (Fig. 1H); ovipositor sheath comparatively long, its length 0.9× slightly shorter than hind basitarsus, slightly narrowed apically; ovipositor slender, extending beyond apex of metasoma, directed upwards apically, its exposed length 0.6× hind basitarsus (Figs 1A, 1K).

Colour. Black; palpi white; mandible brownish-yellow, blackish-brown apically; basal two segments of antenna yellowish-brown, antenna light brown apically, darkened towards F1; tegula light brown; legs white-yellowish-brown; fore and middle legs: first to fourth tarsi light brownish-yellow, fore and middle femora light brown, tibia (except basal part brownish-yellow) and basitarsus yellowish-brown, the remaining whitish yellow; hind leg: femur, apical 3/4 of tibia, blackish-brown, first tarsi, and basitarsus yellowish-brown; the remaining cream; T2 and basal 1/2 of T3 yellowish-brown; wing membrane yellowish-brown with pale band below base of pterostigma; pterostigma light brown, yellowish-brown basally and apically and veins yellowish-brown.

Male (Fig. 2). Length of body 3.9 mm, of fore wing 3.6 mm (Fig. 2A). Antennal 26 segments; scapus 3.1 × longer than pedicellus, tenth segments 1.9 × its width (Fig. 2C). Eyes slightly protruding, glabrous, in dorsal view its length 1.3 × length of temple (Fig. 2H). Clypeus distinctly separated from face, evenly convex, sparsely punctulate, with obliquely stripe in apical half (Fig. 2F). Occipital carina incomplete, medially smooth and absent (Fig. 2D). Fore wing (Fig. 2B): length of pterostigma 3.3 × its width; r:3-SR =19:22, r-m present, unpigmented; vein 2-SR+M present; m-cu complete 1-CU1:2-CU1=5:69. Hind femur 3.0 × longer than wide (Fig. 2L). Length of T1 and T2 1.5 × their apical width (Fig. 2I). Metasomal carapace in lateral view evenly rounded apically (Fig. 2J). T3 slightly emarginated apico-ventrally in posterior view and with narrower lamella, distinctly reticulate-rugose above emargination and with conspicuous pale bristles (Fig. 2K, 2J).

Colour. Scapus brown, antenna darkened towards apex (pedicellus brownish-yellow, antenna darkened towards scapus); legs white-yellowish-brown; fore and middle femur, tibia (except its base), second to fourth of fore and middle tarsi light brownish-yellow, first tarsus and basitarsus light brown, the remaining whitish yellow; apical half of hind femur, tibia, first tarsi, and basitarsus blackish-brown. Wing membrane dark brown with pale band below base of pterostigma; pterostigma brown, veins of fore wing brown, veins of hind wing yellowish-brown.

Distribution. China (Yunnan).

Biology. Unknown.

Etymology. The species is named after the location (Yunnan province, southern China) where the type species was collected.

Discussion. We have collected two specimens provisionally included in S. yunnanensis, of which the holotype female differs from the male specimen. The male specimen is larger than the female; female antenna is more robust (which is what is expected) but darker coloured; male wing (Fig. 2B) darker membrane and veins almost complete (female veins incomplete); precoxal sulcus of male (Fig. 2E) distinct and concave, densely punctate (female: indistinct, not concave but densely punctate); propodeum of female densely crenulate (male: punctate antero-medially (Fig. 2G)); occipital carina of female nearly complete, medially weakly developed (male: area medially smooth and carina absent). Because of these differences, we have not designated the male as a paratype.