SECTION 5. KEY FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF LIANA BIGNONIACEAE GENERA USING BARK ANATOMY

1a. Cambial variant absent ............................................................................................................................... 2

1b. Cambial variant present ............................................................................................................................. 4

2a. Single periderm .......................................................................................................................................... 3

2b. Multiple sequent periderms (rhytidome) ........................................... Podranea ricasoliana (Tanfani) Sprague

3a. Phellem non-stratified .................................................................... Pandorea jasminoides (Lindl.) Schumann

3b. Phellem stratified ........................................ Tanaecium tetramerum (A.H.Gentry) Zuntini & L.G.Lohmann

4a. Intraxylary phloem (dumbbell shaped in the pith) (Fig. 3A insert) ..................... Campsis radicans (L.) Seem.

4b. Phloem arcs in non-equidistant fashion (Fig. 3B) ........................... Pandorea jasminoides (Lindl.) Schumann

4c. Four equidistant phloem arcs (Fig. 3D) .......................................................... Perianthomega vellozoi Bureau

4d. Four to multiples of four equidistant phloem wedges ................................................................................. 5

5a. Four phloem wedges in stems thicker than 2 cm (Fig. 3E) ......................................................................... 6

5b. Multiples of four phloem wedges in stems thicker than 2 cm (Fig. 3G) .................................................... 11

5c. Included phloem wedges (close to the pith) in stems thicker than 4 cm (Fig. 3I) ........................................... ................................................................................................. Amphilophium Kunth emend L.G.Lohmann

5d. Multiple dissected phloem wedges, limiting rays greatly dividing and dissecting the tissues inside the stem (Fig. 3H) ..................................................................................... Dolichandra Cham. emend L.G.Lohmann

6a. Regular phloem non-stratified, with exclusively sclereids ................................................... Pleonotoma Miers

6b. Regular phloem stratified, with fiber bands ................................................................................................ 7

7a. Hollow stems .................................................................................................................. Stizophyllum Miers

7b. Pith not-hollow, parenchymatic ................................................................................................................. 8

8a. Phloem wedges with lateral steps ................................................................................................................ 9

8b. Phloem wedges without lateral steps, even in large stems (over 3 cm) ........ Tanaecium Sw. emend L.G.Lohmann

8c. Variant phloem non-fibrous .......................................................................................................................... .......................... Adenocalymma Mart. ex Meisn. emend L.G.Lohmann, Callichlamys Miq., Martinella Baill.

8d. Variant phloem semi-fibrous or fibrous .................................................................................................... 11

9a. Phloem wedges lateral steps almost perfectly symmetrical on both sides (perfectly V shaped) ........................ ................................................................................................................... Cuspidaria DC., Tynanthus Miers

9b. Phloem wedges not perfectly V shaped, lateral steps not symmetrical ....................................................... 10

10a. Fiber bands with fibers conspicuously radially elongated ........................................... Manaosella J.C.Gomes

10b. Fiber bands with rectangular to polygonal fibers ............................................................................................ Adenocalymma Mart. ex Meisn. emend L.G.Lohmann, Fridericia Mart. emend L.G.Lohmann, Xylophragma Sprague

11a. Fresh stems with strong garlic smell, non-fibrous phloem .......................................................... Mansoa DC.

11b. Fresh stems without a garlic smell ............................................................................................................ 12

12a. Variant phloem non-fibrous ..................................................................................................................... 13

12b. Variant phloem fibrous ....... Adenocalymma Mart. ex Meisn. emend L.G.Lohmann, Lundia DC., Mansoa DC.

13a. Periderm with prismatic crystals ............................................... Amphilophium Kunth emend L.G.Lohmann

13b. Periderm without crystals ........................................... Adenocalymma Mart. ex Meisn. emend L.G.Lohmann, ..................................................... Anemopaegma Mart. ex Meisn., Bignonia L., Mansoa DC., Pyrostegia C.Presl