Aspidosperma tomentosum Mart. & Zucc. in Flora 7(1, Beil. 4): 135. 1824, typ. cons.

≡ Aspidosperma tomentosum var. tomentosum. ≡ Macaglia tomentosa (Mart.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 416. 1891.

Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Campis S. Philippi, secundum Fluvium S. Francisci, s.d., C.F.P. von Martius s.n. (M [barcode M-0183474 image!]; isolectotypes: G [barcode G00143874 image!], M [barcode M-0183473 image!, barcode M-0183475 image!, barcode M-0183476 image!]) .

= Aspidosperma dasycarpon A.DC., Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 396. 1844. ≡ Macaglia dasycarpa (A.DC.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 416. 1891. Lectotype (designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 147. 1951):— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: 1840, P.C. D. Claussen 346 (G [barcode G00169397 image!]). B†, F negative No. 4410 image!.

= Aspidosperma tomentosum var. angustifolium Müll.Arg. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 45. 1860. Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. Bahia: Probe Caeté, s.d., L. Riedel 671 (W [No. W0057117 image!]; isolectotypes: W [No. W0057118 image!, No. W0057119 image!]).

= Aspidosperma tomentosum var. velutinum Müll.Arg. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 45. 1860. Syntype [perhaps holotype]:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Probe Sabará, s.d., L. Riedel 628 (LE).

= Aspidosperma pallidiflorum Müll.Arg. in Warming in Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1869(6–8): 101. 1869. Lectotype (designated here):— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Lagoa Santa, s.d., J.E.B. Warming s.n. (C [barcode C10005749 image!]; isolectotype: NY [barcode 00970770 image!]).

= Aspidosperma rojasii Hassl. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(325/330): 257. 1913. Lectotype (first-step lectotype designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 148. 1951; second-step lectotype designated by Elsam et al. in Bonplandia 30(1): 33. 2021):— PARAGUAY. [Amambay]: Sierra de Amambay, pr. Esperanza, Sep 1907 /1908, T. Rojas s.n. [E. Hassler [10629]] (G (mounted on two herbarium sheets) [barcode G00108802 image!]; isolectotypes: C [barcode C10005751 image!], G [barcode G00108803 image!, barcode G00108804 image!], K [barcode K000587653 image!, barcode K000587654 image!], NY [barcode 00297992 image!], P [barcode P00639541 image!], RB [fragment] [barcode 00535079!], S [No. S12-16255 image!]). B†, F negative No. 4428 image!.

“ Aspidosperma velutinum ” Fisch. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 45. 1860, pro syn.

Notes —The diagnosis of A. tomentosum presented in “ Flora ” by Martius & Zuccarini (1824) was based on a single collection made by Martius himself, though the indication of the original material (Martius s.n.) was only made later by Martius (1824) in “ Nova Genera et Species Plantarum ”. Since there is one sheet in the herbarium M from the single collection made by Martius (1824) for A. tomentosum that resembles the illustration first mentioned in “ Flora ”, but only published in “ Nova Genera et Species Plantarum ” (plate 34 (M barcode M-0183474)), we elected this sheet as the lectotype (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). Furthermore, Müller-Argoviensis (1860a) indicated the gathering Riedel 671 in the prologue of A. tomentosum var. angustifolium but did not cite in which herbarium the type would be deposited. Thus, we chose a material with mature leaves and flowers as the lectotype of A. tomentosum var. angustifolium (W No. W0057117) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). Finally, Müller-Argoviensis (1869) did not cite in which herbarium the type of A. pallidiflorum would be deposited. Therefore, we chose the best-preserved specimen from this collection as the lectotype of A. pallidiflorum (C barcode C10005749) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018).

Woodson (1951) and Elsam et al. (2021) considered A. chodatii Hassl. ex Markgr. (not mentioned by Elsam et al. (2021)), A. gomezianum A.DC., A. hilarianum Müll.Arg., A. obscurum Müll.Arg., and A. tomentosum var. claussenii A.DC. (not mentioned by Woodson (1951)) as synonyms of A. tomentosum . We disagree with both authors as we recognize A. gomezianum as a different species and include A. obscurum in its synonym (see the species notes). Also, we treated A. chodatii and A. hilarianum as synonyms of A. subincanum (Castello et al. 2018) and A. camporum, respectively (see the species notes). Lasty, Duarte (1968) described A. gilbertii Duarte, a species that shared some characteristics with A. tomentosum . However, we are still studying its description and types and for now do not have enough evidence to make decisions about its identity. So, we treated A. gilbertii as “ incertae sedis ”. We did the same for A. tomentosum var. claussenii, due to the lack of outstanding diagnostic characteristics in its protologue and our unsuccessful search for types associated with this name.