Key to species of Grammacephalus Haupt

The following species were described based on female specimens and are therefore omitted from the key: G. minabicus and G. niveimarginatus .

1. Male pygofer process absent (Fig. 3B)................................................ Grammacephalus genoicus

- Male pygofer process present (Figs 1B, 2D, 4B, 5E, 6 C–F, 8B, 9C, 10C, 12A)..................................... 2

2. Male pygofer process serrate (Figs 6 C–F, 10C).............................................................. 3

- Male pygofer process not serrate (Figs 1B, 2D, 4B, 5E, 8B, 9C, 12A)............................................ 4

3. Apex of subgenital plate notched, dorsally upturned (Fig. 6G); aedeagal shaft with an apical keel in lateral view (Fig. 6I)..................................................................................... Grammacephalus kempi

- Apex of subgenital plate entire flat (Fig. 10D); aedeagal shaft with median expansion laterally, without apical keel in lateral view (Fig. 10F).................................................................... Grammacephalus raunoi

4. Male pygofer process with bifurcated apex (Figs 2D, 12A, B).................................................. 5

- Male pygofer process without apical bifurcation (Figs 1B, 4B, 5E, 8B, 9C)....................................... 6

5. Subgenital plate with lateral margins slightly incurved at midlength (Fig. 2F); aedeagal shaft strongly reflexed basally with pair of short dorsal processes at apex (Figs 2H, I)........................................... Grammacephalus furcatus

- Subgenital plate with lateral margins not incurved at midlength (Fig. 12D); aedeagal shaft moderately reflexed basally without appendages (Figs 12 E–G)................................................... Grammacephalus punjabensis sp.n.

6. Aedeagal shaft with subapical curve in lateral view (Fig. 4C)................................. Grammacephalus pugio

- Aedeagal shaft without subapical curve in lateral view (Figs 1C, 4E, 5L, 8G, 9F)................................... 7

7. Aedeagal shaft not reflexed in lateral view (Figs 4E, 9F)...................................................... 8

- Aedeagal shaft somewhat reflexed in lateral view (Figs 1C, 5L, 8G)............................................. 9

8. Male pygofer process pointed with long subapical spur on dorsal surface (Fig. 4D); aedeagal shaft long and narrowly bladeshaped in lateral view (Fig. 4E)...................................................... Grammacephalus harpago

- Male pygofer process without subapical spur dorsally (Fig. 9C); aedagal shaft tubular and tapered towards apex (Fig. 9F, G)................................................................................ Grammacephalus rahmani

9. Aedeagal shaft strongly reflexed basally, broadened and rounded apically (Figs 8G, H).......... Grammacephalus pallidus

- Aedeagal shaft not strongly reflexed basally (1C, 5L)........................................................ 10

10. Male pygofer process with slight inward curve near apex (Fig. 5E); style apophysis digitate (Fig. H); aedeagal shaft apex acutely tapered in posterior view (Figs 5K).............................................. Grammacephalus indicus

- Male pygofer process with slight ventral curve near apex (Fig. 1B); style apophysis smooth (Fig. 1E); aedeagal shaft bifid apically in posterior view (Fig. 1D).................................................... Grammacephalus acuticeps