Corvus stridens Hemprich & Ehrenberg

Corvus stridens Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1829: pl. 20.

Corvus, Pica, stridens Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833: 50.

Now. Garrulus glandarius atricapillus Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 1832. See Hartert (1903: 32).

Type series. The species was based on a plate with two specimens figured (see also Steinheimer 2009). The text to the plate was published four years later by Hemprich and Ehrenberg (1833: 50), but the type series upon which Corvus stridens was based was not specified there. Lichtenstein (1825, Nr. 45–46, and 1854: 9) listed two specimens of jays supplied by Hemprich and Ehrenberg from “ Syria ” under the name Garrulus iliceti . These two specimens thus constitute the type series of Corvus stridens .

Syntype. ZMB 1424, skin, unsexed, collected in 1824 [= 18 May–6 August 1824] in “ Syrien ” (label) [= northern Lebanon].

Syntype (lost): ZMB 1425, collected on an unknown date [= 18 May–6 August 1824] in “ Syrien ” (Inventory Catalogue of the ZMB) [= northern Lebanon].

Type locality. “ Libanon ” (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1829, pl. 20) or " Syria " (Lichtenstein 1825, 1854, Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1833: 50), i.e. northern Lebanon between Beirut, Baalbek and Tripoli.

Remarks. Hartert (1903: 32, footnote) discussed the dates of appearance of various parts of Hemprich and Ehrenberg’s ornithological Decas Prima, correctly observing that folio z (i.e. pp. 49–50), in which the jay was described by Hemprich and Ehrenberg, appeared only in 1833. Accordingly, Hartert (1903: 32) synonymized C. stridens Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833 with Garrulus atricapillus Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire (1832: text to pl. 3, footnote). However, Hartert (1903: 32) overlooked that the name Corvus stridens was published already on pl. 20 of Decas Secunda, which appeared in 1929. C. stridens Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1829 thus has priority over G. a t r i - capillus Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 1832. Steinheimer (2009) documented that stridens of Hemprich and Ehrenberg (1829) is a nomen oblitum and that it should be suppressed in favor of atricapillus of Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1832) under the provisions of ICZN (1999, Art. 23.9).