Bagrada hilaris

All Bagrada hilaris specimens clustered in a well-differentiated clade strongly supported by bootstrap values (BP ML and NJ = 100), phylogenetically distinct from all other Strachiini examined, including Eurydema species. The other two Bagrada species tested ( B. stolida and B. amoenula), also segregated into distinct clades, each strongly supported (BP ML and NJ = 100) and were clearly differentiated both from B. hilaris and from one another. Bagrada hilaris was further subdivided into two robustly-supported clades, one comprising African and Reunion Island populations (BP ML = 99, BP NJ = 100), and the other including invasive populations originating from the USA, Chile and Pakistan, with a genetic distance of 0.019 [0.015 –0.022] between them.