Key to Brazilian species of Grotea Cresson, 1864

1. Gena close to the junction of occipital and hypostomal carinae projected into a lobe of varying shapes (Figs 2D, 3B); head subglobose in frontal view (Figs 1, 2F).................................................................... 2

1’. Gena close to junction of occipital and hypostomal carinae not projected (Fig. 4B); head narrow in frontal view, distinctly higher than wide (Fig. 4C)............................................................ Grotea fernandoi sp. n.

2. Fore wing with postnervulus straight or evenly arched anteriorly (Figs 2A, 3A).................................... 3

2’. Fore wing with postnervulus broken, with abscissas forming a distinct obtuse angle (Fig. 5B)......................... 5

3. Pronotum mediodorsally with a transverse crest (Figs 2D, 2E). Hind wing nervellus with CU abscissa distinctly shorter than cu-a (Fig. 2A)........................................................................................ 4

3’. Pronotum mediodorsally virtually flat, without crest (Fig. 3C). Hind wing nervellus with CU abscissa equal or longer than cu-a (Fig. 3A)................................................................. Grotea delicator (Thunberg, 1822)

4. Fore wing hyaline with apical brownish spot (apex of 4th submarginal and 3rd discal cells). Metasomal tergite I as long as mesosoma. Metapleuron mostly black, posterior margin yellow.................... Grotea manausi Herrera-Flórez, 2019

4’. Fore wing completely hyaline (Fig. 2A). Metasomal tergite I about 0.9x as long as mesosoma (Fig. 2A). Metapleuron mostly yellow, anterior and inferior margins black (Fig. 2A)........................................ Grotea claudiae sp. n.

5. Fore wing with areolet intercepted by 2m-cu closer to 3rs-m than to 2rs-m (Fig. 5B)................................ 6

5’. Fore wing with areolet intercepted by 2m-cu at middle, equally far from 3rs-m and 2rs-m................................................................................................... Grotea perplexa Slobodchikoff, 1970

6. Propodeal lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Mesopleuron orange, most of its anterodorsal part, a spot at the ventroposterior margin, and area delineated by the mesopleural suture yellow................... Grotea goianiense Herrera-Flórez, 2019

6’. Propodeal lateral longitudinal carinae present posterior to anterior transverse carina. Mesopleuron entirely orange (Fig. 5A)........................................................................ Grotea paulista Herrera-Flórez, 2019