Gasterophilus inermis (Braurer, 1858) Figs 1 G–I, 4E, F, 7 G–I, 10C, 11 G–I, 14 G–I, 17 I–L; Table 1

Gastrus inermis Brauer, 1858: 464. Type locality: Austria, Neusiedlersee, Jois (as "auf der Rossweide bei Gyois am Neusiedlersee").

Selected references.

Brauer (1863: 73); Zumpt (1965: 124); Grunin (1969: 44); Soós and Minář (1986: 238); Cogley (1991b); Xue and Wang (1996: 2209); Otranto et al. (2005); Colwell et al. (2006: 36); Li et al. (2018, 2019); Yan et al. (2019).

Diagnosis.

Facial plate bare. Wing partly infuscate, with darkened patches with ill-defined edges. Distance between crossveins r-m and dm-cu less than length of r-m. Meron bare. Legs yellowish brown, with femora distinctly darkened. Abdomen ground color yellow. Male cercus short and broad, length/width ratio equal or less than 1.0; surstylus yellow, with a rounded apex; processi longi tubercular. Female sternite 8 longitudinally ridged in the middle and with a scallop-shaped apex.

Type material examined.

Syntypes of Gastrus inermis Brauer, 1858. AUSTRIA • 1♂, 1♀; no further data; NHMW [from photo].

Additional material examined.

AUSTRIA • 1♀; no locality data; 31 Jul. 1986; Waldegg leg.; NHMW [from photo] • 1♂; 1892; no further data; NHMW [from photo]. ROMANIA • 1♂, 1♀; G. Dinulescu leg.; no further data; MNHN. GERMANY • 1♂, 1♀; 1918; Wüstnei leg.; no further data; NHMD. CHINA - Inner Mongolia • 1♂; Chifeng, Zhaowuda League, Right Banner; 16 Aug. 1969; collector unknown; IOZ • 1♀; locality as for preceding; 22 Aug. 1969; IOZ.

Hosts.

Burchell’s zebra ( E. quagga burchellii), domestic horse ( E. ferus caballus), Mongolian wild ass ( E. hemionus hemionus), wild horse ( E. przewalskii).

Distribution.

Afrotropical - Senegal, South Africa. Nearctic - USA (Illinois). Palaearctic - Austria, China (Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang), Germany, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, Mongolia, Moldova, Slovak Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.

Remarks.

Brauer (1858: 465) explicitly states that he examined "one pair" of adults that were hatched from puparia collected by the Austrian entomologist Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in horse dung. 1♂, 1♀ in NHMW each carry two labels with the information "Oesterreich / Coll. Brauer" and "inermis / det Brauer". A fragment of a puparium carries labels with "Gastrus / inermis / det Brauer" and "Coll. Brauer". We consider the pair of adults to most probably represent original syntypes, but we are deliberately abstaining from designating a lectotype at this time.