Envia moleque new species

Figs 1–12, 15–26

Holotype. Male from Campinarana forest at Fazenda Experimental da UFAM, km 38, BR 174, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, 2° 39' 21,23"S 60° 4' 31,25"W, 31.X.2008, B. Machado (MPEG 15643).

Etymology. The specific epithet honors our deceased friend and colleague José Augusto Pereira Barreiros (Guto), who always wanted to describe a Microstigmatidae, using the colloquial expression "Égua, moleque !” (a surprise interjection meaning “wow, kid!”), every single time he saw one.

Diagnosis. Males differ from those of Envia garciai by the tibia I with a group of enlarged, uniformly-sized ventral spines; tibial apophysis (clasping proventral apical spur) absent (Figs 11, 12); tarsi I with a club-like, proximal prolateral spine (Fig. 11); copulatory bulb with a strong apical spine on weakly differentiated paraembolic apophysis (Figs 7–9, 23, 24). Females differ by having spermathecae with globose distal receptaculum (Figs 10, 25, 26). Additionally, both sexes differ from the type species by the larger posterior median spinnerets, about a third as long as posterior laterals (Figs 2, 21).

Description. MALE (MPEG 15643): Carapace, chelicerae and legs, uniformly yellowish; abdomen pale brown (Figs1, 2). Carapace anterior portion rounded, almost glabrous, with few bristles spaced on surface and borders. Fovea straight, transverse, placed in posterior third of carapace. Eyes on low tubercle. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior row recurved. Two clypeal bristles below OMA (Fig. 5). Rastellum absent. Sternum domed, covered with bristles, without sigilla. Labium anteriorly excavated, without cuspules, with several bristles in anterior part. Endites covered with bristles, seven cuspules in straight line on basal region (Figs 6, 16). Serrula weak. Cheliceral furrow with two rows of teeth; prolateral row with seven large teeth and retrolateral row with 14 smaller basal teeth (Fig. 15). Legs with bristles and spines, scaly cuticle (Fig. 17) and corrugated trichobothrial bases (Fig. 18); scopula absent; club-shaped proximal spine in prolateral face of tarsi I (Fig. 11). Three claws on all tarsi. Paired claws with two rows, each with four (leg IV) to nine (leg I) pairs of teeth (Fig. 19). Trichobothria on tarsi, metatarsi and tibiae (Fig. 18). Abdomen almost with sparse dorsal erected bristles; dorsal anterior scutum strong, with thicker bristles, covering about 20% of abdomen, area posterior to scutum paler (Figs 1, 2, 5, 22). Booklung borders raised (Fig. 20). Four spinnerets, median about 1/3 (nearly 33%) of length of posterior and posterior about 1/4 (nearly 25%) length of abdomen (Figs2, 21). Palp: Copulatory bulb inserted subapically. Embolus thin, gently curved; paraembolic apophysis inconspicuous, weakly differentiated, with strong curved apical spine, surface not sculptured (Figs 7–9, 23, 24). Measurements: Total length: 1.95; Carapace: 1.89 long; 0.72 wide. Ratio of eye diameters: ALE:AME:PLE:PME, 4:1:3:2; OA: 0.01 long; 0.02 wide; Interdistance AME–PME: 0.01. Cephalothorax: Fovea: 0.05; Sternum: 0.44 long; 0.42 wide; Labium: 0.11 long; 0.16 wide; Endites: 0.27 long; 0.14 wide. Leg measurements: I: Fe 0.68/ Pa 0.52/ Ti 0.55/ Me 0.43/ Ta 0.32/ total 2.5. II: 0.62/ 0.44/ 0.49/ 0.41/ 0.32/ 2.28. III: 0.55/ 0.3/ 0.37/ 0.49/ 0,37/ 2,0 8. IV: 0.7/ 0.37/ 0.64/ 0.74/ 0.45/ 2.9. Abdomen: Long 0.86; Wide 0.54. Spinulation: Tarsi spineless, except tarsi I, with a modificate club-shaped spine; spines absent in all articles of palp, femora and patellae I and II. I – Ti v2-2 -0; Me v1-1 -2; Ta r1-0-0. II – Ti v1-1 -2; Me v1-2 - 2. III – Pa d0-0-1; Ti v1-1 -2, d2-0-2, p1-0-1, r1-1-1; Me d1-0-2, p1-0-1, r1-0- 1. IV – Pa v0-1-0, r0-0-1; Ti v0-2-2, d0-2-2, p0- 0-1, r0-1-1; Me v-1-2, d3-1-2.

Variation. MALES (n=6): Total length 1.66–1.98; Carapace, 0.75–0.89 long; 0.65–0.73 wide. Leg measurements: I: Fe 0.57–0.7. Number of cuspules on endites: Right 4–6; left 4–7.

FEMALE (MPEG 15644): As in male, except: abdomen pale gray. Four clypeal bristles below OMA (Fig. 3). Endites with four (right side) and five (left side) cuspules in straight basal line. Without club-shaped proximal spine on prolateral tarsi I. Dorsal scutum weak, covers ca. 10% of abdominal length (Figs 3, 4). Genitalia: Spermathecae densely covered by pores, composed by two long, thin, twisted ducts, with globose distal receptacula (Figs 10, 25, 26). Measurements: Total length 2.58; Carapace: 0.86 long; 0.72 wide. Ratio of eye diameters: ALE:AME:PLE:PME, 4:1:3:2; OA: 0.01 long; 0.02 wide; Interdistance AME–PME: 0.01. Cephalothorax: Fovea: 0.07; Sternum: 0.47 long; 0.44 wide; Labium: 0.13 long; 0.2 wide; Endites: 0.26 long; 0.15 wide. Leg measurements: I: Fe 0.5/ Pa 0.38/ Ti 0.42/ Me 0.34/ Ta 0.27/ total 1.91. II: 0.5/ 0.29/ 0.35/ 0.34/ 0.28/ 1.76. III: 0.45/ 0.31/ 0.32/ 0.39/ 0.32/ 1.79. IV: 0.63/ 0.31/ 0.58/ 0.54/ 0.37/ 2.43. Abdomen: 1.21 long; 0.73 wide. Spinulation: I – Me v0-1-2; II – Me v1-1 -1, p0-0- 1. III – Ti v1 -0-2, d0-1-2, p2-0-1, r0-1-0; Me v2 -0-3, d0-1-0, p1-0-1, r0-0- 1. IV – Pa d0-0-1; Ti v0-0-2, p0-1-1, r0-0-1; Me v0-2-3, p1-1-1.

Variation. FEMALES (n=12): Total lenght 1.9–2.71; Carapace, 0.67–0.93 long; 0.53–0.81 wide. Leg measurements: I: Fe 0.44–0.71. Number of cuspules on endites: right 4–7; left 4–7.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

Other material examined. Paratypes: BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, BR 174, km 38, Fazenda Experimental da UFAM, 2° 39' 21,23"S 60° 4' 31,25"W, Campinarana, 13, 06.IX.2008 (IBSP 160494); 17.VI.2009 (INPA 6119); 26.VI.2009 (MCN 47325); 13 1Ƥ, 12.X.2008 (MPEG 15644); 13 2Ƥ, 11.X.2008 (INPA 6120); 1Ƥ, 05.IX.2008 – 02.VII.2009 (MPEG 15645, MCN 47327, INPA 6122); 06.IX.2008 (MPEG 15650); 13.IX.2008 (INPA 6120); 20.IX.2008 (MCN 47326); 12.X.2008 (MPEG 15646); 31.X.2008 (MPEG 15647), 21.VI.2009 (IBSP 160495, INPA 6123); 2Ƥ, 23.VI.2009 (IBSP 160496); 29.VI.2009 (MPEG 15651), all collected by B. Machado.

Natural history. Envia moleque n. sp. and E. garciai were collected in leaf litter, between roots of trees, in campinarana forest type. These specimens were collected along a topographic gradient that ranges from 0–500 meters of altitude. Ott & Höfer (2003) considered these spiders to belong to the guild “Litter stalkers”, proposed by Höfer & Brescovit (2001), along with Masteria L. Koch 1873 (Dipluridae) and Araneomorphae as Oonopidae, Caponiidae and Palpimanidae . Dias et al. (2010) merged this guild with the “Sedentary nocturnal ground hunters”, a guild also established by Höfer & Brescovit (2001), into a more generalist guild called “Nocturnal ground hunters”.