Key to lower taxa of Bradyporus s.l.

(Modified from Ünal 2011)

1. Ovipositor (Figs. 97, 131–132) very narrow and long, much longer than hind femur, without apical teeth. Male cerci (Figs. 1, 1 a) with broadly rounded apex without apical teeth; inner arm strongly curved backwards................................................................................................ subgenus Bradyporus: B. dasypus (Illiger)

- Ovipositor (Figs. 98 –112, 135–136) broad and short, always shorter than hind femur, with apical teeth on ventral valve. Male cerci (Figs. 2–16, 2 a–16a) narrow at apex with one or more distinct teeth or tubercles at apex, if without apical teeth and rounded then inner arm always near to apex in dorsal view; inner arm slightly curved backwards …subgenus Callimenus ... 2

2. Ovipositor valves not divergent at apex in lateral view (Figs. 98–100). Female subgenital plate with a small and shallow posterior incision (Figs. 66–68). Basal projection of ventral valve of ovipositor with rounded apex (Figs. 114–116). Male cerci with a single ended inner arm (Figs. 2–4, 2 a–4a). Apices of titillator not hook-shaped (Figs. 18–20).................................................................................................. B. multituberculatus sp. group …3

- Ovipositor valves always divergent at apex in lateral view (Figs. 101 –112). Female subgenital plate without (Figs. 69, 73–80) or with a large and wide posterior incision (Figs. 70–72). Basal projection of ventral valve of ovipositor with sharply pointed apex (except B. oniscus) (Figs. 118–128). Male cerci with a bicuspid inner arm (Figs. 6–16, 6 a–16a), if single ended then apices of titillator hook-shaped (only B. oniscus) (Fig. 21)........................................................ 5

3. Male cerci broad, with very narrow apex, inner arm large and strongly downcurved (Figs. 4, 4 a). Titillator with very long bridge between apical arms (Fig. 20). Female subgenital plate without spine-like projection (Fig.84)....... B. karabagi Ünal

- Male cerci narrow, with broad and rounded apex, inner arm smaller and not downcurved (Figs. 2–3, 2 a–3a). Titillator with short bridge between apical arms (Figs. 18–19). Female subgenital plate with 2 spine-like projections basally (Figs. 82–83)...................................................................................................... 4

4. Male cerci with narrower apex (Figs. 2, 2 a). Female subgenital plate narrow and long with thin spine-like projection (Figs. 66, 82)................................................ B. multituberculatus multituberculatus (Fischer von Walheim)

- Male cerci with broad apex (Figs. 3, 3 a). Female subgenital plate broad and short with thick spine-like projection (Figs. 67, 83)..................................................................... B. multituberculatus montandoni (Burr)

5. Female subgenital plate triangular (Fig. 69). Basal projection of ventral valves of ovipositor narrowly rounded, not pointed

(Fig. 117). Male cerci with a single ended inner arm (Fig. 5, 5 a)............. B. oniscus sp. group: B. oniscus (Burmeister) - Female subgenital plate not triangular, with very broad, rounded or straight posterior margin (Figs. 73–80), if slightly narrowed then posterior margin with 2 distinct spines (Figs. 70–72). Basal projection of ventral valves of ovipositor pointed at apex (Figs. 118–128). Male cerci mainly with a bicuspid inner arm (Figs. 6–16, 6 a–16a)............................. 6

6. Female subgenital plate with 4 distinct spine-like projections, 2 of them placed on both sides basally, with a wide posterior incision between the apical 2 spines; posterior margin narrow (Figs. 70–72, 88–88). Male cerci as in Figures 6–8 ........................................................................................ B. macrogaster sp. group … 7

- Female subgenital plate without spine-like projections, posterior margin very wide; broadly rounded or almost straight (Figs. 73–80, 89–96). Male cerci as in Figures 9–16............................................................... 9

7. Titillator with long bridge between apical arms; apical arms strongly downcurved (Figs. 24, 24 a). Female cerci blunt at apex (Fig. 56)........................................................................... B. skopjensis Karaman

- Titillator with short bridge between apical arms; apical arms slightly downcurved (Figs. 22–23, 22 a–23a). Female cerci pointed at apex (Figs. 54, 55)............................................................................ 8

8. Metazona of pronotum slightly widened in dorsal view (Figs. 150, 152). Titillator as in Figures 22, 22 a; apical arms long. Posterior margin of female subgenital plate narrow, with short and thick basal spines (Figs. 70, 86).............................................................................................. B. macrogaster macrogaster Lefebvre

- Metazona of pronotum distinctly widened in dorsal view (Figs. 154, 156). Titillator as in Figures 23, 23 a; apical arms shorter. Posterior margin of female subgenital plate wider, with long and thin basal spines (Figs. 71, 87)................................................................................................ B. macrogaster longicollis (Fieber)

9. Male pronotum not inflated or very slightly inflated in metazona; metazona lower or slightly higher than prozona in lateral view (Figs. 161–162, 165–166, 169–170). Inner arm of male cerci near to apex in ventral view (Figs. 9 a–11a). Female cerci conical or subconical, slightly longer than wide (Figs. 57–59)............................... B. latipes sp. group …10

- Male pronotum strongly inflated in metazona; metazona distinctly higher than prozona in lateral view (Figs. 173–174, 177– 178, 181–182, 185–186, 189–190). Inner arm of male cerci almost in the middle in ventral view (Figs. 12 a–16a). Female cerci cylindrical or subcylindrical, much longer than wide (except B. gocmeni sp. nov.) (Figs. 60–64)....................................................................................................... B. dilatatus sp. group …12

10. Body and all body parts small, because in nymphal stage. Male cerci (Figs. 10, 10 a), titillator (Figs. 26, 26 a), female subgenital plate (Figs. 74, 90), ovipositor (Fig. 106) as in cited figures................................. B. picurka Garai et Ünal

- Body and all body parts in avarage size. Male cerci (Figs. 9, 9 a, 11, 11a), titillator (Figs. 25, 25 a, 27, 27a), female subgenital plate (Figs. 73, 89, 75, 91), ovipositor (Figs. 105, 107) as in cited figures........................................ 11

11. Body relatively large. Male cerci (Figs. 9, 9 a) large, with broad apex, but with a narrow proximal part in dorsal view (Fig. 9). Titillator as in Figures 25, 25 a. Male subgenital plate with very broad and almost straight posterior margin (Fig. 41). Female cerci as in Figure 57. Basal projection of ventral valve of ovipositor broad triangular (Fig. 121)............. B. latipes Stål

- Body smaller. Male cerci (Figs. 11, 11 a) short, with narrow apex, but with a wide proximal part in dorsal view (Fig. 11). Titillator as in Figures 27, 27 a. Male subgenital plate narrowed to apex, posterior margin slightly concave (Fig. 43). Female cerci as in Figure 59. Basal projection of ventral valve of ovipositor narrow triangular (Fig. 123)................. B. toros Ünal

12. Titillator small and short, apical and basal arms very short, apical arms almost conical (Figs. 32, 32 a, 32b). Male subgenital plate elongated, as long as wide (Fig. 48). Male cerci slender (Figs. 16, 16 a). Female subgenital plate as in Figure 80, posterior margin almost straight with small basal pits. Female cerci (Fig. 64) and ovipositor (Fig. 112) as in cited figures................................................................................................ B. conophallus Ünal

- Titillator larger, apical arms very long (Figs. 28–31, 28 a-31a). Male subgenital plate distinctly wider than long (Figs. 44–47). Male cerci relatively stouter (Figs. 12–15, 12 a–15a). Posterior margin of female subgenital plate (Figs. 76–79) broadly rounded with large basal pits (except B. gocmeni sp. nov.). Female cerci (Figs. 60–63) and ovipositor (Figs. 108–111) as in cited figures........................................................................................ 13

13. Male cerci very broad, posterior margin of inner arm very long, reaching to apex of cercus straightly (Figs. 15, 15 a). Titillator with slender and very long apical arms (Figs. 31, 31 a). Female cerci very broad basally, almost subconical but apex slightly truncate, with a small basal lobe (Fig. 63). Female subgenital plate with very small, D-shaped basal pits (Fig. 79).......................................................................................... B. gocmeni Ünal, sp. nov.

- Male cerci narrower, posterior margin of inner arm short, reaching to the middle of cercus (Figs. 12–14, 12 a–14a). Titillator with shorter apical arms (Figs. 28 –3028a, 30a), if long then quite stout ( B. avanos, Figs. 29, 29 a). Female cerci cylindrical or subcylindrical, with larger basal lobe (Figs. 60–62). Female subgenital plate with much larger, oval, rounded or quadrangular basal pits (Figs. 76–78)................................................................................ 14

14. Titillator with almost parallel and short apical arms, perpendicular in anterior view (Figs. 30, 30 a). Male cerci slender distinctly narrowed distally (Figs. 14, 14 a). Apex of female cerci almost bidentate (Fig. 62). Male pronotum as in Figures 181– 182 ..................................................................................... B. sureyai Ünal

- Titillator with strongly divergent apical arms in anterior view (Figs. 28–29). Male cerci stouter, slightly narrowed distally in dorsal view (Figs. 12–13, 12 a–13a). Apex of female cerci with a distinct apical or subapical tooth (Figs. 60–61). Male pronotum as in Figures 173–174, 177–178..................................................................... 15

15. Titillator with slender apical arms strongly divergent in anterior view and strongly downcurved in lateral view (Figs. 28, 28 a). Male cerci slightly narrowed distally in typical forms (Figs. 12, 12 a). Female cerci subcylindrical, slightly wider in proximal part, subapical tooth small in typical form (Fig. 60).............................................. B. dilatatus Stål

- Titillator with broad and divergent apical arms in proximal part, distictly recurved (inwards) at apex in anterior view; perpendicular in lateral view (Figs. 29, 29 a). Male cerci distinctly narrowed distally (Figs. 13, 13 a). Female cerci cylindrical, long and narrow, with a larger subapical tooth in typical form (Fig. 61)....................................... B. avanos Ünal