Pilophorus Hahn, 1826

Diagnosis: East Asian members of Pilophorus are recognized readily by the following characters: Body antlike in overall appearance (Fig. 2H–L), due to more or less constricted median hemelytra (rarely ovoid or elongate-oval in some members superficially similar to Pherolepis Kulik, 1968); basic coloration brown to fuscous; scutellum, hemelytron and/or thoracic pleura partly with clustered or aligned, silvery, scale-like setae; parempodia between claws fleshy, apically convergent (Fig. 8H). Further diagnostic characters are provided in Schuh (1984), Yasunaga & Duwal (2016) and Yasunaga et al. (2021). Fukuda et al. (2020) also suggested the 2 nd –5 th instars immature forms of Pilophorus species uniquely have the ‘metanotal ridge’ which assumed as a synapomorphy for the genus. As documented by Yasunaga & Schuh (2013), several Oriental congeners are strikingly antlike, having the remarkably modified pronotum.

Discussion. See Yasunaga et al. (2021).