Gasteruption kexinae Tan & van Achterberg sp. nov. Figs 124-127, 128-136, 137-138, 139-143

Gasteruption rufescenticorne; Zhao, van Achterberg & Xu, 2012: 75-80 (paralectotype; not lectotype).

Type material.

Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), "S. China: Fujian, Tianbaoyan, Yong-an, 25°53'42"N, 117°28'05"E, 26.vi.2018, Mal. trap, alt. 530 m, Lingfei Peng, NWUX". Paratypes: 2 ♂ (NWUX, RMNH), topotypic, but x-xii.2018; 1 ♀ (RMNH), "S. China: Fujian, Mt. Longqi, Sanming, 26°31'27"N, 117°17'27"E, 13.vii.2018, Mal. trap, alt. 740 m, Lingfei Peng, NWUX"; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂ (NWUX), "S. China: Fujian, Tianbaoyan, Yong-an, 25°53'42"N, 117°28'05"E, 22.v.-12.vi.2018, Mal. trap, 530 m alt., Lingfei Peng, NWUX"; 1 ♀ (NWUX), "S China: Fujian, Huboljiao, Nanping, 24°54'24"N, 117°12'52"E, 1.viii.2018, Mal. trap, 300 m alt., Lingfei Peng, NWUX"; 1 ♂ (RMNH), "S. China: Fujian, Mt. Longqi, Sanming, 26°31'27"N, 117°17'27"E, 13.vii.2018, Mal. trap, 740 m alt., Lingfei Peng, NWUX"; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂ (ZJUH), "[China:] Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 4.vii.1980"; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), id., but 21.vii.1980; ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Zhejiang, Huizhou, Shishi, 25.ix.1984, Cai-e Zhou; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), "[China:] Fujian, Fuzhou, Jinshan, 20.vi.1990, Xiu-fu Zhao"; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), id., but 14-18.x.1990; 2 ♂ (ZJUH), id., but 17.viii.1990, Chang-ming Liu; 2 ♂ (ZJUH, RMNH), id., but 15.vi.1988, Saping Yi; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂ (ZJUH), "[China:] Hunan, Liuyang, 30.V.1984, Xin-wang Tong"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Hunan, Liuyang, 25.V.1986, Xin-wang Tong"; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), "[China:] Hunan, Liuyang, 13.V.1985, Xin-wang Tong".

Diagnosis.

Head of ♀ comparatively long and nearly parallel-sided behind eyes in dorsal view, with deep medial depression in front of occipital carina and with pair of shallow lateral depressions (Fig. 127); vertex medially distinctly above level of ocelli in lateral view, densely punctulate and long (Fig. 128); occipital carina wide lamelliform (Figs 128 and 135); propleuron in lateral view slender and 1.0-1.2 × as long as mesoscutum in front of tegula (Fig. 129) and in ventral view narrow anteriorly (Fig. 132); middle lobe of mesoscutum without fine transverse elements anteriorly, only very finely coriaceous between distinct punctures and posteriorly vermiculate (Fig. 130); ovipositor sheath about 0.9 × as long as body, its white or ivory apical part about 1.5 × as long as hind basitarsus.

Easily confused with G. corniculigerum Enderlein, 1913; differs mainly by the shape of the head in dorsal view (nearly parallel-sided behind eyes in female and distinctly contracted in G. corniculigerum), the sculpture of the middle lobe of the mesoscutum (without fine transverse elements anteriorly; present in G. corniculigerum), the anteriorly more slender propleuron and the shorter pale part of the ovipositor sheath (1.0-2.1 × versus 2.8-3.5 × as long as hind basitarsus in G. corniculigerum).

Description.

Holotype, female, length of body 16.1 mm, of fore wing 6.5 mm.

Head. Vertex and frons with satin sheen and densely punctulate; vertex weakly convex medio-posteriorly in front of deep medio-posterior depression and a pair of shallow elliptical lateral depressions (Figs 127 and 135); in lateral view vertex rounded in front of depression and distinctly above level of ocelli (Fig. 128); occipital carina wide lamelliform medio-dorsally, about half as wide as diameter of posterior ocellus, equally blackish basally and gradually becoming paler distally (Fig. 128); head rather gradually narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view and temples rounded (Fig. 135); temple 0.7 × as long as eye in dorsal view; fourth antennal segment 1.3 × as long as third segment and 0.9 × as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.1 × as long as third segment, third antennal segment twice as long as second segment; OOL twice as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; diameter of anterior ocellus equal to distance between anterior and posterior ocelli; face 2.3 × as broad as high; combined height of eye and malar space twice minimum width of face; malar space short, its minimum width 0.2 × basal width of mandible and area behind incision nearly triangular (Fig. 128); clypeus only medio-ventrally shallowly depressed and ventrally with long golden bristles (Fig. 134); eye glabrous, except for numerous spaced and very short setae.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 2.2 × its height; propleuron rather slender and 1.2 × as long as mesoscutum in front of tegula, in ventral view anteriorly distinctly narrowed; pronotal side rugose ventrally, setosity not obscuring sculpture and crenulated grooves wide, antero-ventral tooth small and triangular (Fig. 129); antesternal carina narrow and narrowly lamelliform; mesosternal sulcus wide and coarsely crenulate, parallel-sided and deep; middle lobe of mesoscutum medially rather dull, very finely coriaceous between spaced and coarse punctures (Fig. 130), in lateral view hardly protruding (Fig. 129); mesoscutum medio-posteriorly coarsely vermiculate and dorso-laterally largely coriaceous with some shallow punctures; scutellum finely coriaceous (Fig. 130); propodeum coarsely reticulate and with median carina anteriorly and median stripe posteriorly. Wings. First discal cell parallel-sided and with outer posterior corner rounded, with vein 3-CU1 near its apical third (Fig. 131). Legs. Hind coxa robust, coarsely reticulate, but dorsally coarsely transversely rugose; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.7, 4.3 and 6.2 × their width, respectively; hind tibia distinctly inflated (Fig. 136); middle tarsus 1.2 × as long as middle tibia; middle femur subparallel-sided and distinctly more slender than fore femur.

Metasoma. Ovipositor sheath 14.6 mm, 0.9 × as long as body, 1.4 × as long as metasoma and 5.6 × as long as hind tibia; ovipositor sheath with dense cover of very fine adpressed setae, its apical white part 1.5 × as long as hind basitarsus; emargination of hypopygium 0.4 × length of hypopygium (Fig. 125).

Colour. Black; antenna (except blackish four basal segments and apical segment) largely dark brown; mandible largely brown (Fig. 128); clypeus latero-ventrally black; labial palpi brown, tegulum and humeral plate dark brown; fore and middle tibiae basally, largely fore and middle basitarsi, large elliptical baso-ventral patch (including narrow dorsal part) of hind tibia, hind basitarsus (but basal third dark brown and dorso-apically infuscate) and apex of ovipositor sheath ivory or white (Fig. 133); trochantelli brown; second and third metasomal tergites apically conspicuously yellowish-brown; veins and pterostigma dark brown; wing membrane slightly brownish.

Male. Very similar to female (including fine coriaceous sculpture of mesoscutum, Fig. 139), but hind basitarsus entirely dark brown (Fig. 140) and wings brownish; antenna (except 4 basal segments) ventrally or entirely brown or dark brown; third antennal segment 1.5-1.8 × as long as second segment; fourth antennal segment 1.9-2.3 × as long as third segment and 1.1-1.7 × as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.9-2.1 × as long as third segment (Fig. 141); apical and pre-apical sternite entirely dark brown; paramere densely whitish setose and its apex ivory or pale yellowish (Fig. 138).

Variations.

Body length of ♀ 14.6-16.1 mm, of ♂ 12.5-16.5 mm; propleuron 1.0-1.2 × as long as mesoscutum in front of tegula; ovipositor sheath 0.9-1.0 × as long as body; white or ivory apical part of ovipositor sheath 1.0-2.1 × longer than hind basitarsus; antenna (except basally) dark brown or brown.

Distribution.

China (Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Ningxia, Shanghai, Taiwan, Zhejiang).

Etymology.

Named after the first author of the revision of the Gasteruptiidae from China, Ms Ke-xin Zhao, for her excellent cooperation and taxonomical insight.

Notes.

The female lectotype of G. rufescenticorne Enderlein became available after the revision by Zhao et al. (2012) was completed. The interpretation of this species was based on the male paralectotype, which proved to belong to another species rather than the lectotype. The species, based on the male paralectotype, is here described as G. kexinae sp. nov. and the real G. rufescenticorne, based on the lectotype, is synonymised with G. japonicum (syn. nov.).