Hadroca hapsistylis sp. nov.

Figs 10 -14, 26C

Diagnosis.

Tegmina submacropterous, posterior margin rounded, stramineous, ochraceous, or light green to yellow green.

Aedeagal shaft elongate, strongly to weakly curvate, preatrium reduced.

Style apophysis in dorsal view sublinear, in lateral view apophysis about half as long as base, strongly arched dorsad, apex curved ventrad.

Subgenital apex equidistant to apex of pygofer lobe.

Female sternite VII posterior margin with wide, rounded, deep or shallow notch.

Etymology.

Named in Greek for the arched apophysis of the style, arch, hapsis, and pillar, for the style, stylis, gender feminine.

Color.

Male, female & nymph. Crown with few, paired small circular or elongate marks (Fig. 10C, D, E, H) or extensively marked (Fig. 10A, B) or unmarked (Fig. 10F, I-K) and light green to yellow-green (Fig. 11A, B) (green color form) or ochraceous to stramineous (Fig. 10F, H-K) (light color form) or dark brown (Fig. 11A-E, G, L) (dark color form). Tegmina with brown (Fig. 10A-C, E, G) to dark brown (Fig. 10D, L) reticulations or light green to yellow green (Fig. 11A, B), sometimes with distal veins embrowned (Fig. 11B). Face with clypeus and clypellus embrowned (Fig. 12B) or ochraceous (Fig. 12C). Nymphs, late instar, Fig. 11G, H, brown, early instar, stramineous (Fig. 11J-L), or dark brown (Fig. 11I).

Morphology.

Male.

Tegmina. Tegmina submacropterous (Figs 10A-F, H, J, 11A-C), brachypterous (Fig. 10G), length/width 1.6-2.0, length 1.3-1.7 mm, width 0.8-0.9 mm; posterior margin broadly rounded.

Hind wing. Reduced, rectangular (Fig. 11E), length/width 2.1-2.5, length 0.4-0.6 mm long, width 0.2-0.3 mm.

Female. Tegmina. Submacropterous, not extended beyond apex of abdomen (Fig. 10I, K), brachypterous in Fig. 10 L, length/width 1.6-2.0, length 1.3-1.9 mm, width 0.8-1.0 mm; posterior margin broadly rounded.

Hind wing. Reduced (Fig. 11F), elongate, length/width 2.0-2.7, length 0.4-0.7 mm, width 0.2-0.3 mm.

Chaetotaxy. AV 6-8 setae, IC 8-12 setae.

Measurements.

Male. (n=150). Apex of crown to apex of tegmina 1.95-2.45 mm; apex of crown to apex of abdomen 2.12-2.89 mm; crown length 0.32-0.43 mm; crown length next to eye 0.24-0.31 mm; pronotum length 0.29-0.36 mm; head width 0.90-1.08 mm; pronotum width 0.89-1.03 mm; ocellus diameter 22-29 µm; interocular distance 97-122 µm; crown angle 101-110°; crown length/crown length next to eye 1.29-1.45; head width/pronotum width 1.00-1.06; ocellus diameter/interocular distance 0.19-0.28; crown length/pronotum length 1.10-1.25; pronotum length/pronotum width 0.32-0.35; crown length/head width 0.35-0.41; crown length/pronotum width 0.36-0.43; length to tegmina/length to abdomen 0.81-0.93.

Female. (n=119). Apex of crown to apex of tegmina 2.26-2.80 mm; apex of crown to apex of abdomen 2.68-3.31 mm; crown length 0.37-0.49 mm; crown length next to eye 0.27-0.34 mm; pronotum length 0.31-0.41 mm; head width 0.99-1.22 mm; pronotum width 0.97-1.16 mm; ocellus diameter 22-29 µm; interocular distance 104-136 µm; crown angle 101-108°; crown length/crown length next to eye 1.31-1.47; head width/pronotum width 1.01-1.07; ocellus diameter/interocular distance 0.18-0.25; crown length/pronotum length 1.12-1.30; pronotum length/pronotum width 0.31-0.36; crown length/head width 0.36-0.41; crown length/pronotum width 0.37-0.43; length to tegmina/length to abdomen 0.79-0.90.

Terminalia.

Male.

Aedeagus. Shaft edentate, widely curvate (Fig. 13D, E), apex wider or narrower than medially (Fig. 13F, G), gonopore narrow, V-shaped (Fig. 13H, I, M, N). Shaft of Graaf Reinet specimens minutely papillose, otherwise glabrous. Curvature depicted by segment defined by chord and height 139-151°. In lateral view, area 13-23 µm 2, perimeter 1.138-1.969 mm; greatest straight line length from atrium to apex of dorsal apodeme/greatest straight line length from atrium to apex of shaft 0.35-0.42.

Style. Elongate, narrow, preapical lobe reduced, apophysis elongated, arched dorsad, apex directed posteroventrad, arch in situ vertical or partially lateral, fine denticulation ventrolaterally on base of arch. Length greatest/width greatest 2.96-3.93 (Fig. 13B, C, ventrally, in situ, M, N, laterally, O, dorsally); length apophysis/length to apex medial arm 0.66-1.15. Arched apophysis sometimes visible in open genital capsule (Fig. 12A).

Connective. Wider than long, stem very short (length stem/length arms 0.44-0.82), narrow, apex variable, well or poorly sclerotized; arms widely separated, length greatest/width greatest 0.66-0.90 (Fig. 13P). In anterior view with apices of arms angled dorsad.

Subgenital plate. Apex variable, either rounded or acute, desclerotized or uniformly sclerotized, sometimes dorsoapical margin with fine, long setae; lateral margin convex. Length to width 1.1-1.6, 4-6 macrosetae, length 84-149 µm; angle at apex of subgenital plate, by trigonometry 31-42° (Fig. 13B, C).

Connective lobe. In lateral view about as long as wide (length/width 0.9-1.2), lobe slightly narrower than basal width of pygofer, posterior margin of lobe rounded. Macrosetae 141-205 µm long (Fig. 13A).

Female.

Sternite VII. Narrow, transversely rectangular, with wide deep or shallow rounded notch (Figs 12D-F, 13Q-S). Posterior margin with lateral length/medial length 1.8-3.6, transversely rectangular (length/width 0.4), posterior margin with wide recess (notch width/sternite VII greatest width 0.6-0.7).

Valvula 3. Macrosetae length 16-30 µm (Fig. 14H).

Valvula 2. Basally trough and crest denticulate (Fig. 14E, F), apex denticulate dorsally (Fig. 14F).

Valvula 1. Sculpture granulose distally, strigate basally (Fig. 14A-D).

Valvifer 2. Length/width 1.6-2.1 (Fig. 13U). Sculpture as in Figs 13V, 14I.

Valvifer 1. Length/width 2.6-2.9 (Figs 13T, 14G), extensively sculptured (Fig. 14J).

Material examined.

Type locality. Holotype male, South Africa, Western Cape province Oudtshoorn 5km south, -33.649, 22.222, 5 May 2015, M. Stiller leg., DVac, Pteronia? succulenta, Asteraceae, CCDL26403, SANC, BMNH, INHS.

Type specimen.

Holotype male, glued to triangle card, pinned, with genitalia in microvial pinned to specimen. Original label "R.S.A. Oudts- | hoorn 5km S | -33.64904 22.22212 | 5.v.2015 | M. Stiller leg. || DVac | Pteronia |? Pteronia succulenta | Asteraceae || SANC Pretoria | Database No. | CCDL26403".

Paratypes. 234♂♂, 164♀♀, 92 nymphs, total specimens 491.

Remarks.

This was the smallest of the known species of Hadroca, with similarly wide range of color patterns as in H. ramosa, i.e., ochraceous, stramineous, light green to yellow green. Most characteristic was the long and strongly arched apophysis of the style, and orientation medioventrad in 16 dissected specimens and ventrad in 15, possibly due to displacement during maceration. Measurements of parts of the style were complicated by the obscure distinction between the base of the apophysis and medial part of the style and the true width that was influenced by the arch of the apophysis. In other species of Hadroca the preapical lobe, whether ventral or lateroventral, marked this intersection. The subgenital plate was more variable than in other species of Hadroca. The apex in 69 examined specimens was clearly desclerotized in 12, weakly desclerotized or weakly pigmented in 12 and sclerotized in 45. The apex was acute in 44, broadly rounded in 5, and narrowly rounded in 20. No apparent correlation was recognized between color, subgenital plate, locality or associated plant. Some correlation was present in the rounded apex of the subgenital plate and the longer valve, and the acute apex of the subgenital and the shorter valve. The connective of this species was wider than long with a short, variably sclerotized stem. The aedeagal shaft was commonly smooth, but papillose in Graaf Reinet specimens.

The valvifer 1 was uniform in all examined specimens. The shape of the posterior margin of the female sternite VII varied in depth of the notch, but consistently wide and rounded, and the sternite wider than long.

Associated plants in 20 out of 50 records, were Eriocephalus sp., Euryops? oligoglossus, Felicia? filifolia, Helichrysum tricostatum, Pentzia incana, Pentzia sp., Pteronia incana, P. paniculata, Pteronia sp., Rosenia sp., Asteraceae, Phylica cryptandroides, P. oleaefolia, Rhamnaceae and Zygophyllum sp. Zygophyllaceae . Map of potential natural distribution in Fig. 26C with large red circles indicating point distributions.