Key to species of the genus Draconema Cobb, 1913: cf., keys in Allen & Noffsinger (1978) and Rho & Kim (2004).

1. Male with 14–19 SlAT. Female with 18–24 SlAT............................................................. 2

- Male with 7–10 SlAT. Female with 9–16 SlAT............................................................... 3

2. Male cloacal setae all unevenly tapered............................................................ D. chilense

- Male cloacal setae all uniformly tapered....................................................... D. ophicephalum

3. Male with 2 sublateral pairs of uniformly tapered cloacal setae and 2 subventral pairs of unevenly tapered cloacal setae... 4

- Male cloacal setae all uniformly tapered................................................................... 8

4. Male with 10–11 SvAT. Female with 12–14 SvAT......................................... D. andamanense sp. nov.

- Male with 14–18 SvAT. Female with 14–19 SvAT............................................................ 5

5. Male and female with 9–13 anteriormost annules enlarged on swollen pharyngeal region. Male with short gubernaculum (16–23μm)........................................................................................... 6

- Male and female with 15–16 anteriormost annules enlarged on swollen pharyngeal region. Male with long gubernaculum (31–44μm)........................................................................................... 7

6. Male with gubernaculum dilated laterally in distal part.............................................. D. japonicum

- Male with gubernaculum not dilated laterally in distal part.......................................... D. cephalatum

7. Male and female with 6 pairs of setae on non-annulated tail end....................................... D. brasiliense

- Male and female with 7 pairs of setae on non-annulated tail end....................................... D. fluminense

8. Male cloacal flap crenate........................................................................ D. haswelli

- Male cloacal flap not crenate............................................................................ 9

9. Male and female with long setae on non-annulated tail end......................................... D. antarcticum

- Male and female without long setae on non-annulated tail end........................................ D. claparedii