Key to the species of Tylospilus Stål, 1870 (modified from Thomas, 1992)

1. Longitudinal pale yellow stripe on clypeus and midline of pronotum present; humeral angles concolour with disc of pronotum................................................................................................ 2

- Longitudinal pale yellow stripe on clypeus and midline of pronotum absent (if present, never in both clypeus and pronotum); humeral angles discolour with disc of pronotum............................................................. 3

2. Humeral angles length distinctly greater than diameter of eye............................ T. distans Bergroth (Fig. 42)

- Humeral angles length subequal to the eye diameter................................ T. peruvianus (Horváth) (Fig. 43)

3. Humeral angles distinctly forwardly directed......................................... T. acutissimus Stål (Fig. 44)

- Humeral angles laterally directed......................................................................... 4

4. Clypeus contrastingly black or fumose; pro-, meso-, and metapleura lacking pale callosities.. T. chilensis (Spinola) (Fig. 45)

- Clypeus concolour with mandibular plates; pro-, meso-, and/or metapleura with pale callosities....................... 5

5. Anterior half of anterolateral margins of pronotum pale calloused, smooth......................................... 6

- Anterolateral margins of pronotum not calloused, crenulated................................................... 7

6. Scutellum with an entire black macula on the constriction portion; urosternites with pale calloused spots on all segments.............................................................................. T. megaspilus (Walker) (Fig. 47)

- Scutellum with 1+1 black bands on the constriction portion; urosternites pale yellow, without callosities.................................................................................................. T. cloelia Stål (Fig. 46)

7. Humeral angles strongly developed with apices dorsally directed; black spots on apices of radial veins equal to eye diameter; 1+1 pale calloused spots posterior to ostiolar peritremes present; a mesial row of black spots on urosternites IV–VII............................................................................... T. nigrobinotatus Berg (Figs 17–19)

- Humeral angles developed more laterally; black spots on apices of radial veins smaller than eye diameter; pale calloused spots posterior to ostiolar peritremes absent; VII urosternite with a mesial black spot..................................................................................... T. armatusimilis Brugnera, Paim & Grazia sp. nov. (Figs 20–22)