Liolophura japonica (Lischke, 1873)

Chiton japonicus Lischke 1873: 22 . Chiton defilippii Tapparone-Canefri, 1874: 77 . Liolophura japonica (Lischke, 1873), var. tessellata Pilsbry, 1893: 243, pl. 53: figs 45–46. Liolophura japonica; Is. Taki 1938: 398, pl. XV, fig. 3, pl. XXXII, figs 15, 16, pl. XXXIII, figs 1–8, pl. XXXIV, figs 1–4; 1962:

46; Iw. Taki 1964b: 412; Huang & Xu 1964: 9; Yum 1988: 29, pl. 3: fig. 1, pl. 14, pl. 25: figs 1–2, pl. 29: fig. 4;

Dell'Angelo et al. 1990: 45; Ma 2004: 5, fig. 1, pl. 2, fig. F. Acanthopleura japonica; Ferreira 1986: 250, 272, figs 68–72, 1151 (bibliography and synonymy); Saito 1995: 108; 1998: 156;

2000: 19, pl. 9, fig. 10; 2001: 198; 2006: 215; 2017: 51, 734, pl. 7, fig. 7; Xu 2008: 457; Zhang et al. 2015: 101, fig. 7. Acanthopleura (Liolophura) japonica; Bullock & Harper 1994: 28, pls. 4J–M, 6D, E, 8C, 9A–B (bibliography). Liolophura (Liolophura) japonica; Kaas et al. 2006: 277, fig. 112, map 52 (bibliography and synonymy).

Type material. Unascertained, maybe it is in Löbbecke Museum und Aquazoo, Düsseldorf (Schwabe in review).

Type locality. Japan, Nagasaki .

Distribution. Japan (from Hokkaido to Okinawa), the southern coast of Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and northern Vietnam (Cat Ba Island), intertidal zone.

Remarks. Acanthopleura tenuispinosa (Leloup, 1939) described from the Gulf of Thailand is similar to L. japonica . According to Saito & Yoshioka (1993), L. japonica differs from A. tenuispinosa by having a mucro which is strongly projected posteriorly beyond the posterior margin (vs. raised and situated at slightly anterior to posterior margin in A. tenuispinosa). Moreover L. japonica, the callus of the tail valve is smooth or pectinated only in a lateral small portion (vs. pectinated except for middle portion in A. tenuispinosa), its dorsal spicules are large thick, cylindrical or flattened (vs. small, slender and cylindrical in A. tenuispinosa), the interior of the valves is dark brown to dark purplish brown (vs. light brown to greyish brown in A. tenuispinosa).