Entheus ecuadius Grishin, new species

http://zoobank.org/ 297F3822-5303-4CE1-8706-08138124207A (Figs. 34j–k, 44 part, 48, 50 part, 51q)

Definition and diagnosis. A female from Ecuador is sister to Entheus dius Mabille, 1898, stat. rest. (type locality in Brazil) and is genetically differentiated from it at the species level (Figs. 44, 50); e.g., their COI barcodes differ by 2% (13 bp), thus representing a new species. This new species keys to “ Entheus matho dius ” (B.10.5(d)) in Evans (1952) but differs from its relatives by a combination of the following characters: the white area on the hindwing widening towards the inner margin instead of being constricted towards it at vein 1A+2A, smaller white spots on the forewing, and larger separation between the discal cell spot and the spot in cell CuA 1 -CuA 2. Due to the cryptic nature of this species and unexplored individual variation, most reliable identification is achieved by DNA, and a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly1651.31.1:G24A, aly1651.31.1:A95T, aly2548.15.2: T124C, aly2548.15.2:G168A, aly2548.15.2:C184T, aly1838.35.3:T48T (not C), aly1838.35.3:A66A (not G), aly1838.35.3:T112T (not A), aly6841.32.4:T1008T (not C), aly6841.32.4:T1014T (not A); and COI barcode: T97C, T157T (not C), A316G, T352C, T542T (not C), T595T (not C).

Barcode sequence of the holotype. Sample NVG-14062C11, GenBank PV550002, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGTACTTCTTTAAGATTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAACCCCTGGATCATTAATCGGAGATGATCAAATTTATAATACT ATTGTTACTGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCAATTATAATTGGAGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTACCTTTAATATTAGGAGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTCGAA TAAATAATATAAGTTTTTGACTTCTACCCCCATCATTAACATTATTAATTTCTAGAAGAATTGTTGAAAATGGGGCTGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTATCCTCCTTTATCCGCTAACATTGC CCATCAAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCTATTTTTTCCCTTCATTTAGCTGGTATCTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACAATTATTAATATACGTATTAGAAATCTATCA TTTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTTTGAGCAGTAGGTATTACTGCATTACTTTTATTATTATCTTTACCTGTATTAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACAT CATTTTTTGACCCTGCTGGGGGGGGGGATCCAATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT

Type material. Holotype: ♀ deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA (USNM), illustrated in Figs. 48 and 51q (genitalia Fig. 34j–k), bears the following five printed (text in italics handwritten) rectangular labels, four white: [ECUADOR Napo | Archidona 800m | 10 Nov. '88 | S.S. Nicolay], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-14062C11 | c/o Nick V. Grishin], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-23119E03 | c/o Nick V. Grishin], [genitalia: | NVG240817-42 | c/o Nick V. Grishin] , and one red [HOLOTYPE ♀ | Entheus | ecuadius Grishin]. The first DNA sample (sequenced) refers to the extraction from a leg and the second (stored) is from the abdomen prior to genitalia dissection.

Type locality. Ecuador: Napo Province, Archidona, elevation 800 m.

Etymology. The name is formed from the name of its sister species by adding ecua - for the county with the type locality. The name is treated as a noun in apposition.

Distribution. Currently known only from the holotype collected in the eastern slopes of the Andes of central Ecuador.