Triaeris stenaspis Simon

Figures 1–40

Triaeris stenaspis Simon, 1891: 561 (female syntype from Saint Vincent, in MNHN, examined; other female syntypes in Natural History Museum, London, examined by A. Chickering). – Jackson, 1909: 419, pl. 10, figs. 12, 12a, b. – O. P.- Cambridge, 1909: 100, pl. A, figs. 1–3. – Bristowe, 1948: 890, figs. 10–14. – Chickering, 1968: 358, figs. 14–18. – Miller and Žitňanská, 1976: 82, pl. II, f. 1–6. – Dumitresco and Georgesco, 1983: 99, pl. 19, 20. – Heimer and Nentwig, 1991: 52, fig. 111. – Korenko et al., 2007: 6, figs. 4–8. – Burger, 2009: 343, figs. 6–10, 23A, B.

Triaeris patellaris Bryant, 1940: 268, fig. 4 (female holotype from Soledad, Cienfuegos, Cuba, in MCZ; examined). – Chickering, 1951: 243, fig. 31. First synonymized by Chickering, 1968.

Triaeris berlandi Lawrence, 1952: 5, figs. 3a–f (female holotype from Thysville [= Mbanza-Ngungu], DR Congo, in MRAC; examined). NEW SYNONYMY.

Triaeris lepus Suman, 1965: 235, figs. 27–31 (female holotype from Puu Papaa Peak, Kaneohe, Oahu, Hawaii, in Bishop Museum; not examined). NEW SYNONYMY.

Triaeris lacandona Brignoli, 1974: 208, figs. 4A–F (female holotype from Cueva de Yaxchilán, Petén, Guatemala, depository unknown; not examined). – Brignoli, 1975: 34, figs. 1H, J. NEW SYNONYMY.

DIAGNOSIS: Females can easily be recognized by their complex genitalia, which occupy most of the postepigastric scutum; externally there is a median longitudinal slit (figs. 31, 32), internally there is a large, triangular posterior receptaculum with a distally squiggled duct (figs. 33, 38–40).

MALE: Unknown.

FEMALE (PBI_OON 10511, figs. 1–40): Total length 1.47. Carapace pale orange, sides finely reticulate. ALE largest, separated by their radius to diameter; posterior eye row procurved from front. Sternum, mouthparts pale orange. Dorsal scutum pale orange, covering more than 3/4 of abdomen, more than half to most of abdomen width. Postepigastric scutum pale orange, with posteriorly directed lateral apodemes represented only by wide flanges. Legs pale orange, without color pattern. Leg spination: patella I v1p-1r-1p; tibiae: I v2-4-0; II v1p-1p-0; IV v0-0- 1p. Ovoid atrium present between medially invaginated edges of epigastric and postepigastric scuta, that atrium with transverse sclerotization anterior of narrower, longitudinal sclerotization; posterior receptaculum squiggled.

MATERIAL EXAMINED: NORTH AMERICA: United States: Florida: Dade Co.: Chekika State Recreation Area, 50 km SW Miami, July 28, 1985, hammock forest litter (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1033), 4♀ ; Deering Estate Park, SW 167 Street and SW 72 Ave., South Miami, July 26–Dec. 11, 1986, old hammock, malaise flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1042), 1♀ , Dec. 9, 1986, forest litter (Klimaszewski, S. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1031), 1♀; Everglades National Park, Aug. 27, 1965, swamp with gumbo-limbo (W. Suter, FMNH 34794, PBI_OON 10511), 22♀ ; Key Biscayne, Aug. 15, 1974 (V. Brach, MCZ 70477, PBI_OON 27401), 3♀ ; Matheson Hammock, S Miami, Aug. 27, 1986, Berlese, oak hammock forest litter (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1037), 1♀ ; Palma Vista Hammock, Everglades National Park, Mar. 29, 1967, Berlese, dry litter at log (W. Suter, FMNH 71720, PBI_OON 43488), 2♀ ; July 1981, malaise trough (S. Peck, CNC PBI_OON 38174), 17♀; Royal Palm Hammock, Everglades National Park, July 28, 1985, hammock forest litter (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1030), 13♀ ; 1.5 km NW Royal Palm, Nov. 15, 1985 – Feb. 24, 1986, malaise flight intercept trap, trough, hardwood hammock forest (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37299), 3♀ . Highlands Co.: Archbold Biological Station, Dec. 19, 1962 (W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 1035), 12♀ , June 28, 1978, pine litter, elev. 20 m (J., F. Murphy, AMNH PBI_OON 36798), 3♀, July 3, 1978, litter, elev. 20 m (J., F. Murphy, AMNH PBI_ OON 36800), 10♀, July 4, 1978, litter, hilltop, elev. 40 m (J., F. Murphy, AMNH PBI_OON 36799), 1♀, Oct. 30, 1982, base of dead laurel oak (M. Deyrup, AMNH PBI_OON 27513), 2♀ . Lee Co.: Fort Myers, Jan. 26, 1934 (W. Barrows, AMNH PBI_OON 37305), 1♀ , winter 1934 (W. Barrows, AMNH PBI_OON 37310), 1♀ . Monroe Co.: Stock Island, Dec. 17, 1986, botanical garden leaf litter (Klimaszewski, S. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1029), 1♀ . Mexico: Campeche: El Tormento, 6 km W Escárcega, July 23, 1983, Berlese, fungi and litter, evergreen tropical forest, elev. 110 m (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1010), 1♀ ; Grutas de San Antonio, 10 km ENE Bolonchen, Nov. 23–24, 1974 (J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, S. Wiley, AMNH PBI_OON 49420), 1♀ ; Grutas Xtachumbilxunán, Bolonchenticul, Dec. 24, 1994 (P. Sprouse, TMM 31334, PBI_OON 49429), 1♀ . Chiapas: Finca Santa Marta, near Huehuetán, July 31–Aug. 1, 1950 (C., M. Goodnight, AMNH PBI_OON 127, 130), 2♀ ; Palenque, Mar. 2–24, 1975, Berlese (C. Alteri, AMNH PBI_OON 37309), 1♀ ; Tecoja, July 2, 1950 (C., M. Goodnight, L. Stannard, AMNH PBI_OON 146), 2♀ . Colima: Las Humedades, Armería, Jan. 19, 1943 (F. Bonet, AMNH PBI_OON 164), 1♀ . Guerrero: Río Blanco, Colotlipa, Jan. 18, 1941 (F. Bonet, AMNH PBI_OON 166), 1♀ ; Cerro Ayotzinapa, Jan. 12, 1941, litter (AMNH PBI_OON 162), 1♀ ; Grutas de Cacahuamilpa, Apr. 16, 1981 (P. Strinati, MHNG PBI_OON 15599), 1♀ ; La Azul, 18°35′N, 99°33′W, May 3, 1963 (W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 159, 163), 3♀ ; Petaquillas, Dec. 29, 1943 (F. Bonet, AMNH PBI_OON 152), 3♀ ; km 100, road to Taxco, Aug. 10, 1946 (C. Goodnight, Bolivar, F. Bonet, AMNH PBI_OON 185), 1♀ . Oaxaca: Cueva del Lencho Virgen, 10 km SW Acatlán, June 2–3, 1974 (J. Reddell, R. Jameson, D. McKenzie, W. Elliott, AMNH PBI_OON 1011), 1♀ . San Luis Potosí: Covadonga, WSW Valles, 21°57′N, 99°05′W, Aug. 16, 1964 (J., W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 183), 1♀ ; Cueva de Los Sabinos, 8 mi N Valles, Jan. 27, 1969 (J. Reddell, R. Smith, T. Mollhagen, T. Albert, AMNH PBI_OON 37313), 1♀ ; 3 mi W El Naranjo, 22°31′N, 99°21′W, June 25, 1973, external refuse deposit from ant nest, tropical subevergreen forest, elev. 1100 ft (A. Newton, FMNH 43139, PBI_OON 10682), 1♀ ; Route 70, 44 mi W Valles, Feb. 19, 1970, under stone by roadside (J. Cooke, AMNH PBI_OON 1013), 1♀ ; Sótano de Pichijumo, 7 mi NE Valles, Jan. 26, 1969 (J. Reddell, T. Mollhagen, T. Alvert, R. Smith, AMNH PBI_OON 37308), 1♀ ; Tamazunchale, 21°15′N, 98°47′W, July 8, 1944 (L. Davis, AMNH PBI_OON 157), 2♀ , Apr. 19, 1963 (W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 145), 1♀, Aug. 17, 1964 (J., W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 129, 161, 29468), 7♀; 1 mi SW Tamazunchale, 21°15′N, 98°49′W, July 25, 1966 (J., W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 155), 15♀ ; 8 mi NNW Tamazunchale, 21°20′N, 98°50′W, Apr. 19, 1963 (W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 184), 1♀ ; 7.2 km NE Xilitla, 21.42821°N, 98.94101°W, Aug. 19, 2009, sifted leaf litter, disturbed tropical moist forest, elev. 180 m (M. Branstetter, MCZ 95378, PBI_OON 49418), 1♀ . Tabasco: Grutas del Cocona, Teapa, July 24, 1973 (J. Reddell, J. Rowland, AMNH PBI_OON 137), 4♀ ; surface near Grutas del Cocona, Aug. 25, 1972 (J. Cooke, R. Mitchell, Russell, AMNH PBI_OON 189), 1♀ ; Villahermosa, Nov. 23, 1944 (D. Pelaez, AMNH PBI_OON 150), 1♀ . Veracruz: Atoyac, May 30, 1941 (F. Bonet, AMNH PBI_OON 21066), 1♀ , Nov. 12, 1941 (F. Bonet, AMNH PBI_OON 21097), 1♀; Catemaco, Playa Azul, 18°25′N, 95°04′W, Aug. 9, 1966 (J., W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 148, 153), 9♀ ; Cueva del Cabrito, La Palma, Mar. 2, 2001 (P. Sprouse, T. Whitfield, TMM 34501, PBI_OON 49430), 2♀ ; Cueva de Sala de Agua Grande, 6 mi E Yanga, Aug. 9, 1967 (J. Reddell, J. Fish, T. Evans, AMNH PBI_OON 49419), 1♀ ; Cueva de Ungurria, 20 km WSW Tezonapa, Dec. 25, 1972 (J. Reddell, D.. M. McKenzie, S. Murphy, AMNH PBI_OON 37311), 1♀ ; Lago Catemaco, 18°26′N, 95°06′W, Dec. 28, 1983 (V., B. Roth, CAS 9026332, 9026334, PBI_OON 2740, 2743), 6♀ , Feb. 12, 1984 (V., B. Roth, CAS 9026300, PBI_OON 2590), 19♀; Peñuela, 18°53′N, 96°48′W, Apr. 26, 1963 (W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 186), 2♀ ; Potrero, June 24, 1936 (L. Davis, AMNH PBI_OON 188), 3♀ ; San Juan, 20 mi E Córdoba, July 13, 1941 (D. Bergstrom, FMNH 33614, PBI_OON 10121), 1♀ ; Tecolutla, June 1947 (M. Johnston, A. Davis, AMNH PBI_OON 136), 1♀ ; Veracuz, June 22, 1936 (L. Davis, AMNH PBI_OON 142), 3♀ , May 31, 1941, leaf litter (AMNH PBI_OON 128), 1♀; 9 mi SSW Veracruz, 19°02′N, 96°12′W, Aug. 7, 1966 (J., W. Ivie, AMNH PBI_OON 143, 1014), 5♀ . Yucatán: Chichén-Itzá, July 10, 1948 (C., M. Goodnight, AMNH PBI_OON 139), 2♀ , 20°41′N, 88°33′W, Jan. 11, 1984 (V., B. Roth, CAS 9026293, PBI_OON 2583), 1♀ . CENTRAL AMER- ICA: Guatemala: Alta Verapaz: Cueva Lanquín, Lanquín, Aug. 28, 1969 (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 156), 2♀ . Petén: Tikal, Jan. 9, 1974, in nest of Eciton hamatum (Fabricius) (D., A. Kistner, AMNH PBI_OON 1015), 1♀ . Retalhuleu: Retalhuleu, June 1, 1976 (C., M. Goodnight, AMNH PBI_OON 1009), 1♀ . Belize: Cayo: Roaring Creek, Aug. 1, 1972 (C., M. Goodnight, AMNH PBI_OON 1017), 1♀ . El Salvador: La Libertad: 4 mi N Quezaltepeque, July 7, 1961, ant nest under trees (M. Irwin, AMNH PBI_OON 149), 1♀ . Honduras: Copán: El Cedro, Mar. 8, 1939 (AMNH PBI_OON 1023), 1♀ . Lempira: La Telegrafía, 14.76599°N, 88.24193W °, Sept. 28, 2008, under rocks in oak forest, elev. 465 m (C. Víquez, M. Branstetter, AMNH PBI_OON 38433), 4♀ ; San Marcos de Caiquín, 14.42548°N, 88.61245°W, Sept. 29, 2008, Winkler, sifted leaf litter in pine forest, elev. 1315 m (C. Víquez, M. Branstetter, AMNH PBI_ OON 38436), 3♀ . Santa Bárbara: San Antonio, 1 km NE Río Grande de Otoro, 14,77435°N, 88.17076°W, Sept. 28, 2008, under rocks in corn field, elev. 355 m (C. Víquez, M. Branstetter, AMNH PBI_OON 38434), 1♀ . Nicaragua: Atlántico Norte: Musawas, Río Waspuk, Oct. 10–31, 1955 (B. Malkin, AMNH PBI_OON 37306), 1♀ . Estelí: Canta Gallo, 21 km NE Condega, 13.41816°N, 86.25397°W, Aug. 10, 2008, log and leaf litter, elev. 1225 m (C. Víquez, M. Branstetter, AMNH PBI_OON 38435), 1♀ . Granada: 5.5 mi NE Nandaime, Aug. 24, 1962 (G., S. Hevel, USNM PBI_OON 27901), 1♀; Volcán Mombacho, 11.83333°N, 85.98027°W, Dec. 6, 2007, Winkler, elev. 1130 m (C. Víquez, J. Mata, AMNH PBI_OON 37029), 1♀ . Matagalpa: Finca Alvares, near bridge over Ríp Bopal, 12.7425°N, 85.82916°W, Dec. 1, 2007, riparian forest, elev. 350 m (C. Víquez, J. Mata, AMNH PBI_OON 37028), 11♀ . Costa Rica: Alajuela: Upala, Montecristo, Apr. 13, 2007, humus (C. Víquez, INBIO PBI_OON 36982), 1♀ . Cartago: Puricil, road to Parque Nacional Tapantí, 9°45′33″N, 83°49′11″W, May 8–11, 2002, coffee plantation, elev. 1500 m (M. Ramírez, INBIO PBI_OON 29677), 1♀ ; Turrialba, Aug. 13, 1965 (A. Chickering, MCZ 66841, PBI_OON 26514), 3♀ , Mar. 25, 1967, leaf litter (W. Peck, CAS 9026299, PBI_OON 2589), 2♀ . Guanacaste: Cañas, Aug. 15, 1983, forest leaf litter, elev. 90 m (J., F. Murphy, AMNH PBI_OON 36828), 1♀ ; Parque Nacional Santa Rosa, Feb. 2009 (C. Víquez, INBIO PBI_OON 49431), 3♀ . Heredia: Estación Biológico La Selva, 10°26′N, 83°59′W, Mar. 5–8, 1973, Berlese, buttress litter, dry emergent tree in cacao grove, old grass clippings, under plantings (J. Wagner, J. Kethley, FMNH 33524, 33534, 34769, 56579, PBI_OON 10031, 10041, 10486, 10794), 7♀ ; Estación Biológico La Selva, 10°26′N, 84°01′W, Nov. 1, 1993, secondary forest, elev. 50–150 m (INBIO PBI_OON 29676), 1♀ , Mar. 1, 2002 (C. Víquez, INBIO PBI_OON 36980), 1♀; 11 km ESE La Virgen, 10°21′N, 84°03′W, Feb. 16–18, 2004, elev. 250–350 m (INBIO PBI_OON 31126–31128), 3♀ ; Finca La Tigre, near La Virgen, 10°24′N, 84°70′W, Nov. 2, 1980 (A. Young, AMNH PBI_OON 49437), 1♀ ; Horente, Sept. 2010, in house (C. Víquez, INBIO PBI_OON 49433), 2♀ ; Parque Municipal Nacimiento, 9°58′57″N, 84°10′48″W, Jan. 27–28, 2010, humus, elev. 950 m (C. Víquez, B. Hernandez, A. Solis, INBIO PBI_OON 49432), 1♀ ; San Joaquín, July 6, 1997, humus (C. Víquez, INBIO PBI_OON 36981), 1♀ . Limón: 5.5 km E Guápiles, May 14–16, 1987, tropical wet forest litter, elev. 200 m (D. Ubick, CDU PBI_OON 3607), 2♀; 9.5 km E Guápiles, May 9, 1987, tropical wet forest litter, elev. 200 m (D. Ubick, CDU PBI_OON 3608), 1♀ ; Parque Nacional Tortuguero, wet secondary forest (Apr. 17–23, 1983, CDU PBI_OON 3606), 11♀ . Puntarenas: Estación Biológico Las Cruces, Aug. 3, 2005, under trunks in forest (L. Armas, C. Víquez, AMNH PBI_OON 38418), 1♀ ; Bahía Chatham, Isla del Coco, Mar. 8, 1964 (R. Schuster, CAS 9026295, PBI_OON 2585), 3♀ ; Quizarrá, 6 km E San Isidro, May 1989, elev. 750 m (W. Eberhard, MCZ 72954, PBI_OON 29422), 1♀ . San José: San José (E. Schmidt, AMNH PBI_OON 165), 3♀ . Panama: Bocas del Toro: Almirante, trail to dam on Nigua Creek, Mar. 25, 1959, Berlese, slit tree hole six ft from ground (H. Dybas, FMNH 33897, PBI_OON 10399), 1♀ , Berlese, bark from log (H. Dybas, FMNH 33883, PBI_OON 10385), 1♀ . Chiriquí: 2 km S Cuernavaca camp, Rincón valley, Jan. 16, 1981, damp litter between rock and log, elev. 750 m (W. Suter, FMNH 33625, PBI_OON 10133), 2♀ , treehole-like litter, base of riddled tree (W. Suter, FMNH 33628, PBI_OON 10136), 2♀; W Cuernavaca camp, Quebrada Laguna headwaters, Jan. 25, 1981, core, rotted century plant, elev. 875 m (W. Suter, FMNH 33694, PBI_OON 10196), 4♀ ; SW Escopeta along Río San Félix, Jan. 19, 1981, litter of downed banana core, elev. 730 m (W. Suter, FMNH 33636, PBI_OON 10138), 4♀ . Colón: Gamboa, Jan. 28, 1958 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71470, PBI_OON 26520), 1♀ ; Parque Nacional Soberania, Pipeline Road, 0.5 km S Río Frijolito, 9.14792°N, 79.72908°W, Jan. 1, 2008, rainforest litter (M. Draney et al., FMNH 34883, PBI_OON 10596. 37842), 3♀ ; Río Frijoles, 4 mi NW Gamboa, Feb. 19, 1976, Berlese, wet leaves and flood debris along river (A. Newton, MCZ 72904, PBI_OON 29419), 2♀ ; Santa Rosa, June 1945 (C. Michener, AMNH PBI_OON 1019), 1♀ . Panamá: Cerro Campana, June 17, 1976, Berlese, cloud forest leaf litter, elev. 3200 ft (A. Newton, MCZ 72910, PBI_OON 29423), 1♀ ; Cerro Galero, July 15, 1985 (W. Eberhard, MCZ 72898, PBI_OON 29417), 1♀ ; Chilibrillo Cave, Chilibre, Feb. 7, 1959, drifted along stream in cave (H. Dybas, FMNH PBI_OON 37840), 1♀ ; Forest Preserve, Aug. 1939 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71474, PBI_OON 26548), 1♀ , Jan. 1958 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71473, PBI_OON 26528), 9♀; Isla Barro Colorado, no date (AMHH PBI_OON 1021), 1♀ , K. Cooper (AMNH PBI_OON 37292), 1♀ , June–Aug., no year, Berlese (J. Zetek, MCZ 71469, PBI_OON 26518), 1♀ , July 19, 1938 (AMNH PBI_OON 37293), 1♀, summer 1938 (MCZ 71459, PBI_OON 27395), 1♀, July 1943 – Mar. 1944, Berlese (J. Zetek, MCZ 71461, PBI_OON 27394), 5♀, June–Oct. 1946 (MCZ 71460, PBI_OON 27397), 5♀, July 1950 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71465, PBI_OON 26526), 1♀, Aug. 1950 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71468, PBI_OON 26531), 1♀, Nov. 1952 – Mar. 1953, Berlese (J. Zetek, AMNH PBI_OON 37294), 1♀, July 1954 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71464, PBI_OON 26527), 4♀, Aug. 16, 1954 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71463, PBI_OON 26529), 3♀, Mar. 9, 1956, from ant colony (N. Weber, MCZ 71458, PBI_OON 27396), 1♀, Feb. 6, 1958 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71462, PBI_OON 26524), 1♀, Jan. 15, 1958 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71466, PBI_OON 26534), 1♀, Jan. 13, 1959, in fibrous moss on ground (H. Dybas, FMNH 33656, PBI_OON 10158), 1♀, Jan. 21, 1959, Berlese, debris under bark of large stump (H. Dybas, FMNH 33881, PBI_OON 10383), 1♀, Jan. 22, 1959, Berlese, compost (H. Dybas, FMNH PBI_OON 10430), 1♀, Feb. 1, 1959, Berlese, seven day old tapir dung (H. Dybas, FMNH 56499, PBI_ OON 10740), 2♀, May 18–21, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71467, PBI_OON 26535), 7♀, July 1969 (T. Hlavac, J. Lawrence, AMNH PBI_OON 37075), 2♀, Feb. 19–Mar. 9, 1975, Berlese, leaf litter (J. Lawrence, S. Levings, MCZ 72890, PBI_OON 29420), 2♀, Aug. 17, 1975, Berlese, leaf litter (S. Levings, USNM PBI_OON 27896), 2♀, Feb. 6, 1976, Berlese, litter around rotting logs (A. Newton, MCZ 72888, 72893, PBI_OON 29424, 29425), 2♀, Feb. 22, 1976, Berlese, leaf litter (S. Levings, USNM PBI_OON 27894, 27900), 2♀, Feb. 26, 1976, Pseudobombax flowers (A. Newton, AMNH PBI_OON 1020), 1♀ , May 23–30, 1976, Berlese, leaf litter (S. Levings, USNM PBI_OON 27895, 27899), 2♀, Jan. 30, 1977, Berlese, leaf litter (S. Levings, USNM PBI_OON 27898), 1♀, June 4–12, 1977, Berlese, leaf litter (S. Levings, USNM PBI_OON 27893, 27897), 3♀, Aug. 9–13, 1983 (NML PBI_OON 31685), 4♀, Dec. 31, 2007, rainforest leaf litter (M. Draney, M. Olemos, FMNH 34881, PBI_OON 10594), 1♀, Sept. 30, 2008, litter (A. McKenna-Foster, FMNH 44217, PBI_OON 10695), 1♀; Madden Dam, Feb. 12, 1958 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71472, PBI_OON 26549), 1♀ ; Pedro Miguel, Aug. 26, 1954 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71471, PBI_OON 26550), 1♀ ; Summit Park, 9°03′54″N, 79°38′57″W, Sept. 25, 2009, elev. 80 m (C. Víquez, INBIO PBI_OON 49434), 1♀ . WEST INDIES: Bahama Islands: South Bimini, May 1951 (W. Gertsch, M. Cazier, AMNH PBI_OON 27491), 54♀ , July 1951 (C., P. Vaurie, AMNH PBI_OON 37304), 2♀, Mar. 22–28, 1953 (A. Nadler, AMNH PBI_OON 37291, 37300), 2♀ . Cuba: Camagüey: Hoyo de Bonet, Sierra de Cubitas, Feb. 2009 (Y. Martínez, MNH PBI_OON 49427), 5♀ ; Limones de Tuabaquey, Sierra de Cubitas, Feb. 2010, semideciduous forest, dry season (Y. Martínez, MNH PBI_OON 49428), 1♀ . Cienfuegos: Soledad, Aug. 1–11, 1934 (P. Darlington, MCZ PBI_OON 190), 1♀ (holotype), same (MCZ 26204, PBI_OON 49413), 2♀ (paratypes). Guantánamo: Valle del Río Jojo, 20°07′35″N, 74°28′42″W, May 11, 2010, litter (N. Platnick, A. Pérez, A. Sánchez, G. Alayón, AMNH PBI_OON 49424), 2♀ . La Habana: San Antonio de los Baños, May 23, 2003, humus (L. Armas, AMNH PBI_OON 38417), 2♀ . Pinar del Río: Gramales, Caja de Francisco. Sierra de Masa, Oct. 29, 1999, pine forest (B. Huber, A. Pérez, AMNH PBI_OON 49411), 1♀ , litter and under rocks (B. Huber, A. Pérez, AMNH PBI_OON 49412), 6♀; N Viñales, Sept. 16–22, 1913 (AMNH PBI_OON 37314), 1♀ . Santiago de Cuba: Arroyo Grovert, 10 km NE Caney, 1995, leaf and log litter, elev. 300 m (S. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 49421), 2♀ ; km 7.5, road to La Gran Piedra, 20°00′23″N, 75°40′31″W, May 8, 2010, litter (N. Platnick, A. Pérez, A. Sánchez, G. Alayón, AMNH PBI_OON 49423), 5♀ ; Providencia, Apr. 29, 2004 (A. Sánchez, BSC PBI_OON 49426), 1♀ ; 2 km W Providencia, 20°05′16″N, 75°39′33″W, May 10, 2010, litter (N. Platnick, A. Pérez, A. Sánchez, G. Alayón, AMNH PBI_OON 49425), 1♀ ; Río Juruguá, 6 km NW Siboney, Dec. 7, 1995, tree base litter, elev. 150 m (S. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 49422), 1♀ , Dec. 16, 1995, log and leaf litter, elev. 150 m (S. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 71), 4♀ . Jamaica: Hanover: Cousins Cove Cave, Oct. 28, 1973 (R. Norton, AMNH PBI_OON 154, 37295), 3♀ . St. Andrew: Cane River Falls, E Kingston, May 9, 1956 (C. Hoff, MCZ 71482, PBI_OON 26519), 2♀ ; Cooper’s Hill, Feb. 10, 1955 (P. Bellinger, MCZ 71481, PBI_OON 26523), 1♀ ; Jack’s Hill Road, Dec. 6, 1967 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71478, PBI_OON 26532), 1♀ ; Long Mountain, May 5, 1956 (C. Hoff, MCZ 71477, PBI_OON 26545), 3♀ ; Mona, Oct. 5, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71480, PBI_OON 26536), 1♀ ; Richards Reservoir, Mona, Nov. 27, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71479, PBI_OON 26516), 1♀ . St. Ann: 3 mi S Moneague, Nov. 7, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71476, PBI_OON 26530), 1♀ ; Mt. Plenty Cave, Goshen, Aug. 20, 1974 (S. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37302), 1♀ . St. Catherine: near August Town, May 29, 1956 (C. Hoff, MCZ 71475, PBI_OON 26543), 1♀ ; 1 mi NE Ferry, May 17, 1956, in pile of leaves (C. Hoff, MCZ 71488, PBI_OON 26552), 2♀ ; Guanaboa Vale, Nov. 28, 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71484, PBI_OON 26539), 3♀ ; 2 mi W junction Red Hills Road and road to Spanishtown, Nov. 1957 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71483, PBI_OON 26546), 1♀ ; Worthy Park Cave #2, Apr. 6, 1968 (S. Peck, A. Fiske, AMNH PBI_OON 27490), 8♀ . Westmoreland: Roaring River Cave, 7 mi NE Savanna-la-Mar, Aug. 29, 1974 (S. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37303), 4♀ . Hispaniola (Haiti): Artibonite: Ennery, Sept. 7, 1934 (P. Darlington, MCZ 71491, PBI_OON 26551), 2♀ . Hispaniola (Dominican Republic): San Cristóbal: Cuevas Ponier, Borbón, July 12, 1995 (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 1022), 1♀ . Puerto Rico: Luquillo: El Yunque Biological Station, Jan. 25, 1964, elev. 2100 ft (A. Chickering, MCZ 71492, PBI_OON 26544), 1♀ . Mayagüez: Mayagüez, Jan. 21, 1964, leaf litter among coffee trees, Jan. 21, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71498, PBI_OON 26522), 6♀; Mayagüez, just E Nuclear Center, Jan. 13, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71494, PBI_OON 26537), 1♀; Mayagüez, University campus, Jan. 20, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71497, PBI_OON 26525), 1♀ ; Mayagüez, University farm N campus, Jan. 17, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71496, PBI_OON 26541), 3♀ ; 4.6 km E Mayagüez on Rt. 106, Jan. 19, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71495, PBI_OON 26547), 1♀ ; 5 km from Mayagüez on Rt. 106, Jan. 30, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71493, PBI_OON 26542), 7♀ . San Sebastián: San Sebastián, Apr. 1963 (S. Aceuedo, AMNH PBI_OON 133), 1♀ . Virgin Islands: St. John: Cinnamon Bay, loop trail, July 30, 1975, along wall of old bay oil still (W. Muchmore, AMNH PBI_OON 1794), 1♀ . St. Thomas: no specific locality, July 1941 (C. Parsons, MCZ 71490, PBI_OON 26515), 1♀ . Tortola: no specific locality, Aug. 22, 1966 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71489, PBI_OON 26517), 1♀ . Leeward Islands: Montserrat: Spring Ghaut, May 28, 2003, leaf litter in ghaut bottom (A. Marske, AMNH PBI_OON 37074), 1♀ . Saba: junction, Mt. Scenery and Bud’s Hills trails, 17.6327°N, 63.2398°W, Mar. 14, 2008, beating, sifting, shrubs, elev. 670 m (J. Slowik, UAM 15561, PBI_OON 35945), 1♀ . Windward Islands: Barbados: Turners Hall Woods, Feb. 23, 1979, Berlese, rotted logs of cabbage palm (S. Peck, FMNH PBI_OON 49441), 1♀ . St. Vincent: no specific locality (MNHN 5655, PBI_OON 4741), 1♀ (syntype). Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad: no specific locality (N. Weber, MCZ 71485, PBI_OON 26538), 1♀ ; Blanchisseuse, beach area, Apr. 12, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71486, PBI_OON 26540), 1♀ ; Lopinat (East) Cave (P. Brunet, AMNH PBI_OON 37307), 1♀ ; Simla, Arima Valley, Apr. 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 71487, PBI_OON 26533), 3♀ . SOUTH AMERICA: Colombia: Cundinamarca: Finca Bella Vista, near Sasaima, Apr. 7, 1965, under rocks and leaves (P., D. Craig, CAS 9026298, PBI_OON 2588), 2♀ , on highway below Finca Bella Vista, Apr. 17, 1965, under stones on steep cliff (P., D. Craig, CAS 9026294, PBI_OON 2584), 1♀ . Magdalena: Tayrona Park, ca. 40 km E Santa Marta, leaf litter, Aug. 11, 1985 (H. Müller, MHNG PBI_OON 15681), 3♀ . Meta: Lomalinda, Puerto Lleras, 3°18′N, 72°22′W, Mar. 1988, leaf litter (V. Roth, CAS 9026333, PBI_OON 2742), 1♀ ; Villavicencio, June 29, 1965, elev. 500 m (P., B. Wygodzinsky, AMNH PBI_OON 37315), 1♀ . Valle del Cauca: 6 km SW Calí, Mar. 5, 1973, forest, elev. 1300 m (H. Levi, W. Eberhard, MCZ 72947, PBI_OON 29416), 1♀ . Venezuela: Aragua: Cuyagua, 10 km E Ocumare, Feb. 20, 1971, Berlese, cacao pod litter (S. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37076), 2♀ . Distrito Capital: Caracas (E. Simon, MNHN 14184, PBI_OON 4739), 8♀ . Guárico: Parque Nacional Guatopo, south border, 24 km N Altagracia, June 13, 1987, leaf litter under mangos, elev. 300 m (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37297), 3♀ . Mérida: road from La Victoria to El Vigía, Feb. 22, 1968, elev. 1100 m (P., B. Wygodzinsky, M. Cormons, AMNH PBI_OON 37301), 1♀ . Miranda: Agua Blanco, Parque Nacional Guatopo, 35 km N Altagracia, May 31, 1987, ravine litter, elev. 400 m (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37298), 1♀ ; El Lucero, Parque Nacional Guatopo, 28 km N Altagracia, May 31–June 7, 1987, flight intercept, ravine (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 131), 1♀ , June 8, 1987, rotted log litter, elev. 700 m (S., J. Peck, AMNH PBI_OON 37296), 3♀ . Ecuador: Guayas: Milagro (H. Exline, D. Frizell, CAS 29506, PBI_OON 3631), 2♀ . Sucumbios: Limoncocha, near Río Negro, Dec. 18, 1984, sifting rainforest litter 20–30 yards from edge of lake (S. Marshall, AMNH PBI_OON 144), 6♀ . Galápagos Islands: Española: Gardner, Feb. 13, 1977, around lava blocks, elev. 20 m (W. Reeder, TMM 59883, PBI_OON 36921), 1♀ . Floreana: Wittmer Well, Apr. 9, 1991, elev. 350 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16875), 3♀ . Isabela: humid forest 17 km from coast, Nov. 1964, humus, elev. 250 m (N. Leleup, KBIN 16903), 6♀ ; Alemania, Jan. 22, 1977, sifted litter, from dead wood, elev. 370 m (W. Reeder, TMM 57839, 59896, PBI_OON 36915, 36924), 8♀ , Jan. 22, 1978, sifted litter, elev. 350 m (W. Reeder, TMM 61194, PBI_OON 36917), 11♀; Cueva de Zuera, near Santo Tomás, May 29, 1975 (Franz, KBIN PBI_OON 16905), 1♀ ; Jaboncilla forest, Mar. 6, 1989, elev. 150 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16881) 1♀ ; La Torre, near Santo Tomás, May 28, 1975 (Franz, KBIN PBI_OON 16904), 1♀ ; Santo Tomás, Feb. 18–21,1986, elev. 350 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16849, 16858), 15♀ , Mar. 3, 1989, guavamoss litter, elev. 300 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16885, 16892), 12♀; above Santo Tomás, Jan. 19, 1978, litter of scalesia and fern, under small lava rocks, sifted from epiphytic moss, debris at base of fern clumps, elev. 480 m (W. Reeder, TMM 57841, 57850, 57867, 59879, 59881, PBI_OON 36910, 36913, 36914, 36920, 36929), 10♀ ; between Santo Tomás and El Mango, Jan. 15, 1978, sifted from decaying banana trunk, litter between mango buttresses, elev. 250 m (W. Reeder, TMM 57860, 59914, PBI_OON 36925, 36911), 4♀ ; 3 km N Santo Tomás, Mar. 11, 1989, elev. 380 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16894), 4♀ ; 4 km NW Santo Tomás, Mar. 14, 1989, elev. 500 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16891), 1♀ ; 5.5 km W Santo Tomás, Mar. 8, 1989, elev. 550 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16884), 15♀ ; 4 km from Villamil, Nov. 1964, swampy area (N. Leleup, KBIN 16901), 1♀ ; Volcán Cerro Azul, Feb. 24, 1986, elev. 200 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16897), 1♀ . Pinta: no specific locality, July 18, 1977, sweeping, beating, dry perennial grass pampa, elev. 400 m (W. Reeder, TMM 73293, PBI_OON 49438), 2♀ . San Cristóbal: no specific locality, 1974 (S. Jacquemart, KBIN 16850), 7♀, Mar. 31, 1985, elev. 350 m (H., I. Schatz, KBIN PBI_OON 16906), 1♀, Mar. 27–28, 1986, elev. 225–570 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16845, 16847, 16861–16863), 15♀, Mar. 2–5, 1988, highland, elev. 540 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16872), 3♀; Cerro San Joaquín, 12 km E Wreck Bay, Mar. 16, 1996. miconia/fern litter, elev. 550 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16888), 1♀ ; El Junco, Feb. 21, 1989, miconia ravine, elev. 620 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16910), 10♀ ; 1 km E El Junco, Feb. 14, 1989, elev. 550 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16890), 6♀ , Mar. 17, 1996, miconia/tree fern litter, elev. 540 m (S. Peck, FMNH 43141, PBI_OON 10684), 17♀; 1 km NW El Junco, Mar. 17, 1996, miconia-tree fern litter, elev. 540 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16886), 8♀ ; 2 km NW El Junco, Feb. 21, 1989, miconia ravine, elev. 620 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16895), 9♀ ; 1 km E El Progresso, Feb. 19, 1989, elev. 370 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16883), 8♀ ; 1 km W El Progresso, Feb. 18, 1989, elev. 300 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16889), 5♀ ; 5 km E El Progresso, Mar. 13, 1989, elev. 590 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16896), 2♀ ; between Puerto Baquerizo and El Progresso, Mar. 4, 1982 (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, KBIN 16852), 5♀ ; La Toma, Feb. 15, 1989, miconia/tree fern litter, elev. 530 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16882), 5♀ ; Tres Palos area, Feb. 11, 1978, sweeping, sifting litter, dry fruits, beneath large wood chips in trail, beneath loose bark, elev. 110 m (W. Reeder, TMM 59882, 59892, 59907, 59912, PBI_OON 36916, 36919, 36922, 36926, 36928), 7♀ , Feb. 12, 1978, from new finch nest dropped on trail, elev. 160 m (W. Reeder, TMM 57843, PBI_OON 36912), 4♀, Feb. 13, 1978, sifting litter, under decaying wood, elev. 150 m (W. Reeder, TMM 59891, 59895, 36927, PBI_OON 36918), 11♀ . Santa Cruz: no specific locality, July 30, 1970, litter (S. Riechert, TMM 30397, PBI_OON 36923), 1♀ , cottage, Dec. 28, 1981 (Y. Lubin, KBIN PBI_OON 16909), 1♀, Mar. 9, 1982, scalesia, elev. 570 m, pampa (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, KBIN 16851, 16856), 2♀, Feb. 15–Mar. 25, 1986, elev. 140–500 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16843, 16848, 16857, 16859, 16860, 16864, 16867–16869, 16879), 67♀; 2 km N Bellavista, May 14, 1985, avocado grove, elev. 360 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16893), 7♀ ; 4 km N Bellavista, May 3, 1996, rotted avocado logs, elev. 350 m (S. Peck, KBIN PBI_OON 16887), 1♀ ; Caseta Occidente, Feb. 11, 1982, elev. 170 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, KBIN PBI_OON 16853, 16855), 47♀ ; Caseta Tortuga, Mar. 20, 1982, elev. 180 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, KBIN PBI_OON 16854), 18♀ ; Charles Darwin Research Station, Mar. 3, 1985 (H., I. Schatz, KBIN PBI_OON 16898), 1♀ ; Cuevas de Vargas, 5 km NE Santa Rosa, May 30, 1985, elev. 500 m (S. Peck, KBIN 16900), 1♀ ; El Mirador, June 1992, elev. 640 m (J. Palacios, KBIN PBI_OON 16899, 16907). 2♀ ; La Caseta, Tortoise Reserve, Jan. 22, 1982 (L. Endara, KBIN PBI_OON 16911), 4♀ ; Los Gemelos, Jan. 12–Apr. 4, 1988, pampa, elev. 580 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_ OON 16877, 16880), 8♀ ; Media Luna, Feb. 28–Mar. 13, 1986, elev. 600 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16865), 2♀ ; Media Luna trail, Feb. 16, 1986, miconia, elev. 500 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16846), 2♀ , Feb. 28–Mar. 13, 1986, elev. 350 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16844), 7♀, Feb. 15–Mar. 8, 1988, miconia, elev. 500–550 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16876, 16878, 16879), 116♀, Mar. 3–Apr. 4, 1989, same (KBIN PBI_OON 16873, 16874), 347♀; between Media Luna and Cerro Puntudo, Feb. 15–Mar. 8, 1988, elev. 750 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16871), 1♀ . Santiago: no specific locality, Mar. 7, 1986, highland, elev. 870 m (L. Baert, J. Maelfait, K. Desender, KBIN PBI_OON 16908), 1♀ . Brazil: São Paulo: Mata de Previdência, 23°34′S, 45°43′W, Dec. 12–19, 1999 (D. Candiani, IBSP 69083, PBI_OON 10912), 6♀ (identified by A. Brescovit and C. Rheims, confirmed from photographs) . Argentina: Jujuy: Parque Nacional Calilegua, 23°44′34″S, 64°51′13″W, Oct. 20, 1994, Winkler, leaf litter around decaying trunk, transitional forest with lianas, elev. 850 m (J. Carpenter, D. Agosti, AMNH PBI_OON 37312), 3♀ . OLD WORLD: France: Île-de-France: Paris, greenhouses of MNHN, 1896 (MNHN 5659, PBI_OON 49414), 3♀, 1914 (L. Berland, MNHN 5654, PBI_OON 49415), 1♀ . Ivory Coast: Marahoué: Bouaflé, Jan.–Mar. 1981, pitfalls (J. Everts, MRAC 166411, 174113, 220028, PBI_OON 29149, 29180, 29182), 9♀ ; Pakodji, near Degbézéré, 15 km E Bouaflé, Jan. 15–Feb. 13, 1984, pitfalls (R. Schouten, J. Buysen, MRAC 166013, 220027, PBI_OON 29160, 29167), 2♀ . Ghana: Ashanti: Fumesva, Oct. 1971 – Oct. 1972, litter, partially cleared forest scrub (M. Usher, MRAC 223910, PBI_OON 9362), 2♀ ; Kwamekyemkrom, 6°34′N, 1°58′W, July 12, 1975, herbaceous vegetation (M. Usher, MRAC 164345, PBI_OON 9156), 1♀ . Nigeria: Borno: Ibadan, Oct. 18, 1973, 10-year regrowth (A. Russell-Smith, MRAC 160329, PBI_OON 9256), 1♀ , Mar. 23, 1974, riverine woodland (A. Russell-Smith, MRAC 223919, PBI_OON 9213), 1♀, Apr. 15, 1974, pitfall, riverine forest (A. Russell-Smith, MRAC 160327, PBI_OON 9291), 1♀ . Equatorial Guinea: Micomeseng, July 8–13, 1989, pitfall (M. Alderweireldt, MRAC 170189, PBI_OON 29133), 1♀ . Gabon: Estuaire: Ntoum, July 1985, forest litter (A. Pauly, MRAC 220029, PBI_OON 29075), 1♀ . DR Congo: Fuko River, near Rutshuru, Jan. 12, 1955, elev. 1300 m (G. De Witte, MRAC 220024, PBI_OON 29189), 2♀ ; Kibali, Ituri, Epulu, 1954, subterranean ant nest (N. Leleup, MRAC 224172, PBI_OON 9193), 4♀ ; Kivu, valley of Upper Semliki, Aug. 16, 1968, humus (M. Lejeune, MRAC 135615, PBI_OON 29184), 2♀ ; Nyabikere, near Rutshuru, June 13, 1955, elev. 1160 m (G. De Witte, MRAC 220025, PBI_OON 29158), 1♀ ; Thysville [= Mbanza-Ngungu], Aug. 18, 1949, cave entrance (N. Leleup, MRAC 81210, PBI_OON 29129), 1♀ (holotype). Uganda: Busaga district, Feb. 1967, gallery forest (J. Ruabunesa, MRAC 131622, PBI_OON 9560), 1♀ ; Masindi, Nov. 28, 1959, under stone (MRAC PBI_ OON 49436), 1♀ . Rwanda: Butare, INRS campus, Nov. 6, 1985 (R. Jocqué, Nsengimana, Michiels, MRAC 165801, PBI_OON 29095), 1♀ . Tanzania: Mbeya: Kyela, Nov. 11, 1991, sieved litter, garden (R. Jocqué, MRAC 173519, PBI_OON 29172), 1♀ , Nov. 27, 1991, litter, garden with cashew trees (R. Jocqué, MRAC 220109, PBI_OON 29089), 4♀ . Tanga: Amani, E Usambara Mtns., July 20, 1980, elev. 1000 m (M. Stoltze, N. Scharff, ZMUC PBI_OON 9749), 1♀ , 5°5.7′S, 38°38′E, Oct. 27–Nov. 9, 1995, around buildings, elev. 950 m (C. Griswold, N. Scharff, D. Ubick, ZMUC PBI_OON 9748), 1♀ . Angola: Uíge: Dundo, Jan. 11, 1955 (A. Barros Machado, MRAC 212434, PBI_OON 29067), 1♀ . Comoros: Anjouan: Boungouéni, Dec. 5, 1983, mango litter, elev. 300 m (R. Jocqué, MRAC PBI_OON 160743, PBI_OON 29099), 1♀ ; Mutsamudu, May 20, 2003, mango litter, hospital garden (R. Jocqué, D. Van den Spiegel, MRAC 220147, PBI_OON 29074), 1♀ . Grande Comore: La Grille, E Maoueni, Aug. 18–19, 1981, soil, elev. 800 m (R. Jocqué, MRAC 156972, 158495, PBI_OON 29084, 29118), 2♀ , May 28, 2003, sieving forest litter, elev. 880 m (R. Jocqué, D. Van den Spiegel, MRAC 213176, PBI_OON 29069), 1♀; Nioumbadjou, Aug. 20, 1981 (R. Jocqué, MRAC 158455, PBI_OON 29187), 1♀ . Madagascar: Toamasina: Ambatovy, 12.4 km NE Moramanga, 18°50′22″S, 48°18′30″E, Mar. 4–7, 2007, pitfall, elev. 1080 m (B. Fisher et al., CAS 9036074, PBI_OON 3850), 18♀ ; Tamatave, Foulpointe, Sept. 1994, forest on clay (A. Pauly, MRAC 202107, PBI_OON 9784), 1♀ . Toliara: Mandena, 8.4 km NNE Tôlagnaro, 24°57.14′S, 47°00.06′E, Nov. 20, 1998, littoral rainforest litter, elev. 20 m (B. Fisher, CAS 9029656, PBI_OON 3222), 2♀ . Taiwan: Taitung Co.: Route 20, km. 202, after Chulai, Apr. 8, 2007, forest litter, elev. ca. 200 m (S. Vit, MHNG PBI_OON 16079), 1♀ . Hawaii: Hawaii: Route 190, mile marker 29.5, Feb. 17, 1995, roadside grass litter (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38298), 1♀ . Kauai: Eleele, Jan. 25, 1998, scrub in abandoned lot (J., E. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38296), 1♀ ; National Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai, near Poipu, Jan. 21, 1998 (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38295), 3♀ . Marquesas Islands: Hiva Oa: above Atuona, Feb. 12, 1987, forest litter, elev. 500 m (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38535), 1♀ ; Hanamenu, Feb. 4, 1987, on banana leaf (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38527), 1♀ , tree shaking (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38536), 1♀, hibiscus litter (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38539), 18♀, Feb. 5, 1987, litter under banyan tree, elev. 10 m (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38299), 5♀, top of east ridge, litter, elev. 100 m (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38537), 6♀ . Nuku Hiva: Hakaui Bay, forest litter on sand near ocean, Jan. 25, 1987 (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38530), 6♀ ; W Taiohae, Jan. 23, 1987, pine forest litter, elev. ca. 800 m (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38528), 3♀ , Jan. 30, 1987, litter from sea cove (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38541), 5♀; Taipivai Village, Jan. 27, 1987, litter (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38538), 6♀ ; Toovii, Jan. 29, 1987, garden litter, in grass clump, elev. ca. 600 m (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38532, 38540), 5♀ . Cook Islands: Rarotonga: no specific locality, 21°14′S, 159°46′W, Jan. 15–18, 1996 (J. Boutin, CAS 9026331, PBI_OON 2739), 2♀ ; Muri, Mar. 25, 1987, in litter (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38531), 1♀ ; Muri Beach, Mar. 4, 1987, litter near inland stream (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38534), 1♀ ; Raemaru, Arorangi Village, Mar. 24, 1987, litter, elev. 350 m (J., E. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38533), 5♀ ; Te Rua Manga, The Needle, Mar. 15, 1987, forest litter, elev. 400 m (J. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38297), 4♀ ; Tupapa Valley, Apr. 2, 1987, litter (J., E. Berry, AMNH PBI_OON 38529), 1♀ . Australia: Queensland (all material collected by A. Nakamura, identified by B. Baehr, confirmed from photographs): Lady Elliot Island, Mar. 31–May 6, 2008, casuarina litter (QMB 87436, 87543, 87545, PBI_OON 23493, 23512, 23514), 10♀ ; Masthead Island, Oct. 7, 2008, beach, pisonia forest, litter, casuarina litter, elev. 5 m (QMB 87232, 87239, 87241, 87244, 87249, 87462, PBI_OON 23492, 23494, 23508, 23509, 23511, 23521), 11♀ .

DISTRIBUTION: Pantropical, and introduced in European greenhouses.

SYNONYMY: It appears that neither Lawrence, Suman, nor Brignoli compared the holotypes of their putatively new species with specimens of T. stenaspis .