Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon, 1892)

Fig. 10A–E

Oonops spinimanus Simon, 1892: p.563, pl. 42, fig. 6, female holotype from Saint Vincent Island, Antilles and Caracas, Distrito Federal, Venezuela; not examined.

See the World Spider Catalog (2023) for complete taxonomic list.

Materials examined. 3 females (one female: NSMT-Ar 21923), besides Naha Port Facility (26°12’19.8”N, 127°40’04.0”E), Kakinohana Town, Naha City, Okinawa Pref., 26-II-2022, Y. Suzuki leg.

Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the congeners by the enlarged posterior projection on the palpal endites and the two black thorn-like extensions (embolus and conductor) and the umbrella-shaped anterior receptaculum in the female genitalia (see Figs 87–88, 95–97 in Platnick & Dupérré 2009).

Description. See Saaristo (2001, 2010) and Brescovit et al. (2019) for details.

Distribution. North to South America, Caribbean. Introduced to Macaronesia, Netherlands, Germany, Czechia, Seychelles, Madagascar, Australia, Pacific Is. Also see Fig. 11 and Table 2 for details of distribution in the Nansei Islands.

Habitat. In the Nansei Islands, this species was found from disturbed environments such as soil of bushes along military port.

Remarks. Females are dominantly collected while males are rare, suggesting occurrence of parthenogenetic populations (Brescovit et al. 2019; Platnick & Dupérré 2009).