Anolis trachyderma Cope, 1876

Type-locality. Nauta, Peru.

Pertinent taxonomic references. Cope (1876, 1886), Boulenger (1885), Amaral (1933), Cunha (1961), Vanzolini & Williams (1970), Vanzolini (1972), Duellman (1978), Dixon & Soini (1986), Savage & Guyer (1989), Ávila-Pires (1995), Glor et al. (2001), Nicholson et al. (2012).

Distribution and habitat. Anolis trachyderma is endemic to Amazonia, with disjunct distribution in western Amazonia (between the Japurá and Juruá river basins), and in eastern Amazonia (restricted to the Tapajós–Xingu interfluvium), occurring in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (Fig. 5) In Brazil it is known from the states of Pará, Amazonas, and Acre. Anolis trachyderma is predominantly terrestrial and diurnal, inhabits primary and secondary terra firme and varzea forests, occasionally found at forest edge (Duellman 1978; Ávila-Pires 1995; Vitt et al. 2002), where it is usually found on the ground, but also on low vegetation and small trees, generally below 2 meters high (Vanzolini 1972; Dixon & Soini 1975; 1986; Ávila-Pires 1995; Vitt et al. 1999; 2002). According to Vitt et al. (2002) it shows a slight preference for low, damper areas within the forest.