Nemapogon Schrank, 1802

Nemapogon Schrank, 1802: 167 . Type species: Phalaena granella Linnaeus, 1758 . Brosis Hübner, 1822: 68. Type species: Phalaena granella Linnaeus, 1758 .

Diaphthirusa Hübner, 1825: 404. Type species: Phalaena granella Linnaeus, 1758 .

Petalographis Zagulajev, 1962: 330 . Type species: Nemapogon orientalis Petersen, 1961 . Anemapogon Zagulajev, 1963: 425 . Type species: Tinea quercicolella Zeller, 1852 .

Paranemapogon Zagulajev, 1964: 339. Type species: Tinea fungivorella Benander, 1939 . Longiductus Zagulajev, 1964: 369 . Type species: Phalaena picarella Clerck, 1759 .

General characters: Forewings cryptic bark-patterned; male valvae with an elongate digitiform, setose process arising from inner surface near costa, and juxta fused with inner surface of valvae; female sternum VIII somewhat U-shaped, ductus bursae frequently with internal lepidote sculpturing and a spiculose ring close to the junction with corpus bursae.

Biology: Larvae of the genus feed on the fruiting body of the persistent bracket-fungi or in the dead wood, bark, old excrescences on trees, stumps, etc., which have been penetrated by the fungal mycelia. Some species, for example, N. cloacella and N. variatella infest stored plant materials such as seeds, flour grain, grain products, dried fruits and fungi (Zagulajev 1964; Robinson and Nielsen 1993).

Distribution: The genus is distributed mainly throughout the Holarctic Region except for a few species occurring in the Oriental Region, North Africa and Australia.

Remarks: Robinson and Nielsen (1993) provided a detailed generic diagnosis. However, we find some exceptions. The male uncus is fully separated in N. agnathosella Gaedike, 2000, but joined with each other at the base in N. bidentata sp. nov.; the male gnathos is reduced to small, inconspicuous sclerites in N. mesoplaca (Meyrick, 1919) and N. bidentata sp. nov., but absent in N. agnathosella . The female ductus bursae lacks the spiculose ring close to the junction with the corpus bursae in N. mesoplaca and N. bidentata sp. nov. In the generic description, the uncus is fused medially, the gnathos is flattened, robust and usually Vshaped, and the spiculose ring is present in the ductus bursae.