Xanthopimpla modesta modesta (Smith, 1860)

Figs 1F, 3C, 4F, 5F

Pimpla modesta Smith, 1860: 64.

Xanthopimpla latebalteata Cameron, 1903: 137; Townes et al. 1961: 58. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla kuchingensis Cameron, 1905b: 119. Synonymised by Townes et al. (1961).

Xanthopimpla dohrni Krieger, 1915: 34. Synonymised by Townes et al. (1961).

Xanthopimpla dohrni var. sukabumensis Krieger, 1915: 34. Synonymised by Townes et al. (1961).

Xanthopimpla dohrni var. novarae Krieger, 1915: 34. Synonymised by Townes et al. (1961).

Xanthopimpla modesta: Momoi 1970: 335.

Xanthopimpla modesta modesta: Townes and Chiu 1970: 106; Watanabe 2011: 17; Watanabe 2012, 70.

Comparative diagnosis.

This subspecies can be distinguished from other subspecies by the central part of hind slope of vertex black, the mesoscutum and metasomal tergites usually with black or dark brown markings.

Materials examined.

[ Ryukyu Isls.] Japan: 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Omoto-Path, 6 Jul 1998 T. Matsumura leg. (NIAES); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Iriomote Is., Nakamagawa-rindo, 8 Aug 1995, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 18 M & 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Iriomote Is., Funaura, 28 Mar 1982, E. Nishida leg. (OMNH); 1 M, ditto, 5 May 1980 (OMNH); 1 F & 1 M, Iriomote Is., Urauchi, 5 Jul 1982, K. Ohara leg. (SEHU); 2 M, Ootomi, 15-23 Mar 1995, T. Matsumura leg. (MT.) (NIAES). Vietnam: 1 M, Bac Can, Ba Be NP, 2 May 2005, M. Wakabayashi leg. (OMNH) .

Distribution.

Japan (Ishigaki Is. and Iriomote Is.). Outside Japan, this subspecies has been recorded from Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan and Vietnam (Yu et al. 2016).

Bionomics.

In Japan, adults were collected in March and July. Host is unknown in Japan, whereas Yasumatsu (1967) recorded a host, Chilo suppressalis (Walker, 1863) ( Lepidoptera, Crambidae).

Remarks.

In Japan, distribution of this species is restricted to Yaeyama Islands of Ryukyus. A black spot of mesoscutum is sometimes absent in Japanese specimens.