Trionymus multivorus (Kiritchenko)

(Fig. 51)

Pseudococcus multivorus Kiritchenko, 1936: 151 . Pseudococcus mendosus Kiritchenko, 1936a: 153 . Trionymus elymus Borchsenius, 1937: 46 .

DIAGNOSIS. Female body elongate to broadly oval. Antennae 7 or 8 segmented. Legs well developed, without translucent pores. Cerarii numbering 5 pairs, present on posterior abdominal segments. C18 with 2 stout conical setae, 7−12 auxiliary setae and numerous trilocular pores, all situated on a weakly sclerotized area; C17 with 2 smaller conical setae, 4−6 auxiliary setae and a few trilocular pores; more anterior cerarii each with 2 conical setae and 3−5 trilocular pores. Circulus absent. Ostioles present. Multilocular disc pores on dorsum distributed on abdominal segments V −VII; present also on venter, in transverse rows on abdominal segments IV −VII and posterior to vulva. Trilocular pores present, located on dorsum and venter. Oral collar ducts of 2 sizes, numerous on both surfaces.

DISTRIBUTION. Australasian, Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Crete, France, Georgia, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Poland, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. In Iran, T. multivorus occurs in Ardebil, Esfahan, Fars, Hamadan, Kermanshah, Lorestan and Markazi. This mealybug is known from 19 host plant familities worldwide (Ben-Dov et al., 2012).

MATERIAL EXAMINED. Ardebil: Ardebil, Neor Lake, 2 adult Ƥ, Echinops ritro (Asteraceae), 20.vi. 2008, 2585 m.; Mogan, 3 adult Ƥ, on Lactuca sp. ( Asteraceae), 21.vi.2005 (M. Taghizadeh). Esfahan: Khour, 10 km to Jandagh, 7 adult Ƥ, on Matricaria chamomilla (Asteraceae), 13.iv. 2010, 1184 m.; Natanz, 2 adult Ƥ, on Echinops sp., 15.vi. 2011, 2419 m. Niasar, Aznaveh, 19.v. 2009, 2132 m. Fars: Eghlid, Shahrmiyan, 18 adult Ƥ, on Echinops sp., 1.vi. 2010, 2347 m.; Fasa, 6 adult Ƥ, on Hibiscus sp. ( Malvaceae), 1.v.1968 (Unknown); Shiraz, 5 adult Ƥ, Lactuca sp., 19.xi.1998. Hamadan: Hamadan, Morad Beyk Valley, 4 adult Ƥ, on Astragalus sp. ( Fabaceae), 6.v. 2006, 2322 m. Kerman: Sirch, 2 adult Ƥ, Echinops sp., 17.v. 2011, 2427 m. Kermanshah: Mahidasht, 1 adult Ƥ, on E. ritro, 30.v. 2006, 1558 m.; Ravansar, 4 adult Ƥ, on E. ritro, 2.vi.2006; Sarpol -e Zohab, 6 adult Ƥ, on E. ritro, 30.v. 2006, 525 m.; Sahneh, 2 adult Ƥ, on E. ritro, 30.v. 2006, 1582 m. Lorestan: Dorood, Gahar, unknown plant, 13 adult Ƥ, 6.vi. 2007, 1909 m. Markazi; Arak, Mohajeran, Park -e Azadi, 6 adult Ƥ, on Echinophora sp. ( Apiaceae), 5 adult Ƥ, Cirsium sp. ( Asteraceae), 13 adult Ƥ, Serratula sp. ( Asteraceae), 25.v. 2010, 2119 m. (M. Alikhani).

COMMENTS. This polyphagous mealybug occurs mostly on the roots and root crowns of a variety of herbaceous plants, and on the stems and leaves. Although T. multivorus is widespread in Iran, it is not considered a pest.