Paractaea nodosa (Stimpson, 1860)

Actaea rufopunctata nodosa – Bullis & Thompson 1965: 11, Brazil Amapá [R/V Oregon, stn 2088, 1°10′ N, 46°52′ W, 55 m]. — Fausto-Filho & Sampaio Neto 1976: 69, Brazil Amapá.

Paractaea rufopunctata nodosa – Coelho Filho & Coelho 1996: 190, Brazil Amapá. — Melo 1996: 376, Brazil Amapá; 1998: 485, Brazil Amapá. — Silva et al. 1998: 95, Brazil Amapá [69 m].

Paractaea nodosa – Coelho et al. 2008: 35, Brazil Amapá. — Cintra et al. 2017: tabs 1–6, Brazil Amapá [27–47 m]. — Tavares & Mendonça 2022: 72, Brazil Amapá [distribution].

non Paractaea rufopunctata (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) – Mantelatto et al. 2020: 79, Brazil Amapá [in distribution, with this remark: “The taxonomy of this species is unclear and should be clarified. Most of the previous records in Brazil were made as P. rufopunctata nodosa (see Coelho et al. 2008) and we speculate that distribution also needs elucidation”] = P. nodosa, based on geographic distribution (see Remark).

Distribution/Habitat

WA; marine (sea grass flats); 0– 220 m.

Remark

Paractaea nodosa is sometimes (e.g., Felder et al. 2009) considered as a WA subspecies of IWP Paractaea rufopunctata (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) . Pending more refined studies, all WA records are considered herein as being P. nodosa, with species rank (see WoRMS 2023).