Pseudopterogramma fenestrata (Richards, 1973)

Figs 54– 56, 68E, 69

Leptocera (Limosina) fenestrata Richards, 1973: 379 .

As unplaced species of Limosininae – Marshall 1989: 607.

Biroina fenestrata – Roháček et al. 2001: 125.

Pseudopterogramma fenestrata – Kuwahara & Marshall 2022: 9.

Type material

Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Binna Burra, Lamington National Park; 1 Feb. 1961; D.K. McAlpine leg.; AMSA.

Paratype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♂; Otford; 3 Mar. 1962; D.K. McAlpine leg.; AMSA .

Material examined

AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♂; 12 km ENE of Ravenshoe; 14 Nov. 1981; D.H. Colless leg.; ANIC • 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; 14.5 km SSE of Ravenshoe; 840 m a.s.l.; 21 Apr. 1969; I.F.B. Common and M. Upton leg.; ANIC • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Atherton Tablelands, Lake Eacham, Chambers Lodge; 6–8 Apr. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; dung; DEBU • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 6–12 Apr. 1999; Malaise; DEBU • 36 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀; Atherton Tablelands, Lake Eacham; 5–8 Apr. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; sweep; DEBU • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Atherton, Lake Eacham National Park; 760 m a.s.l.; 23 Jul. 1982; S. Peck leg.; log and fungi litter; DEBU • 1 ♂; Atherton, Lake Eacham, Wrights Creek; 720 m a.s.l.; 31 Jul. 1982; S. and J. Peck leg.; leaf litter and soil; DEBU • 3 ♂♂; Atherton, near Danbulla State Forest; 17°09′ S, 145°17′ E; 7 Apr. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; sweep; DEBU • 1 ♂; Cape Tribulation; 10 m a.s.l.; 15 Jul. 1982; S. Peck leg.; rainforest litter, carrion; DEBU • 1 ♀; Crystal Cascades, Cairns; 19 Apr. 1967; D.H. Colless leg.; ANIC • 9 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀; Daintree National Park, Mossman Gorge; 12 Apr. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; sweeping 4–6 PM; DEBU • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 13 Apr. 1999; sweeping; DEBU • 1 ♂, 8 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 13–17 Apr. 1999; pans; DEBU • 1 ♂; Earl Hill, N of Cairns; 8 May 1967; D.H. Colless leg.; ANIC • 1 ♂; Gap Creek, 5 km ESE of Mount Finnigan; 15°30′ S, 145°12′ E; 15 May 1981; D.H. Colless leg.; Malaise trap; ANIC • 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Granite Creek, 64 km N of Gin Gin, 18 km W of Bulburin State Forest; 200 m a.s.l.; 19 Jun–14 Aug. 1982; S. Peck leg.; rainforest, flight-intercept trap; DEBU • 1 ♀; 1 km SW of Kauri Creek; 17°09′ S, 145°35′ E; 700 m a.s.l.; 10–11 Feb. 1999; Monteith and Cook leg.; rainforest, fungus pitfall; QMBA • 1 ♂; 2 km E of Kauri Creek; 17°08′ S, 145°37′ E; 700 m a.s.l.; 10–11 Feb. 1999; Monteith and Cook leg.; rainforest, fungus pitfall; QMBA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Kjellberg Road, Malaan National Park (formerly Dirran State Forest) boundary; 17°32′ S, 145°35′ E; 920 m a.s.l.; 6–9 Feb. 1999; Monteith and Cook leg.; rainforest, fungus pitfall; QMBA • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Kuranda State Forest, 3 km N of Kuranda; 360 m a.s.l.; 25 Jun–3 Aug. 1982; S. Peck leg.; rainforest, flight-intercept trap; DEBU • 3 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; Laceys Creek, 10 km SE of El Arish, near Mission Beach; 40 m a.s.l.; 23 Jun–5 Aug. 1982; S. and J. Peck leg.; rainforest, flight-intercept trap; DEBU • 1 ♀; Lake Euramoo; 17°10′ S, 145°38′ E; 700 m a.s.l.; 10–11 Feb. 1999; D.J. Cook leg.; rainforest, dung pitfall; QMBA • 1 ♀; Malanda, 3.5 km S; 17°23′ S, 145°36′ E; 760 m a.s.l.; 6–9 Feb. 1999; G.B. Monteith leg.; rainforest, dung pitfall; QMBA • 2 ♀♀; Maple Creek, W of Innisfail; 17°41′ S, 145°42′ E; 24 Apr. 1980; S.P. McEvey leg.; rainforest, swept; ANIC • 1 ♀; Mary Cairncross Park, 7 km SE of Maleny; 18 Jun–15 Aug. 1982; S. and J. Peck leg.; rainforest, flight-intercept trap; DEBU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Millaa-Millaa Falls; 17°30′ S, 145°37′ E; 800 m a.s.l.; 6–9 Feb. 1999; Monteith and Cook leg.; rainforest, fungus pitfall; QMBA • 2 ♀♀; Mount Hypipamee National Park; 19°26′ S, 143°07′ E; 11 Apr. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; dung; DEBU • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Mount Hypipamee National Park; 8–11 Apr. 1999; S.A. Marshall leg.; pan traps; DEBU • 1 ♀; Shipton’s Flat; 15°48′ S, 145°14′ E; 220 m a.s.l.; 19–22 Nov. 1998; G.B. Monteith leg.; rainforest, automatic dung trap (day); QMBA • 1 ♀; Whitfield Range Forest Reserve, Cairns; 19 Apr. 1967; D.H. Colless leg.; ANIC • 1 ♀; Yabba Creek, 7 km SW of Kenilworth; 150 m a.s.l.; 15 Aug. 1982; S. and J. Peck leg.; rainforest, litter; DEBU • 2 ♀♀; Yungaburra ( State Forest 452); 29 Apr. 1967; D.H. Colless leg.; ANIC .

Redescription

BODY (Fig. 54). Length 1.3–1.7 mm. Head yellow-orange, darkened at level of ocelli. Interfrontal bristles in three pairs. Thorax brown with paler posterolateral edges, shiny despite microtomentum. Anterior dorsocentral bristles separated by 7–8 rows of acrostichal setulae. Ventral surface of male mid tibia with two rows of stout setae along apical half; mid femur with two corresponding rows of proximoventral setae; female mid tibia with a large apicoventral bristle. Hind tibia with only fine dorsal setulae. Wing (Fig. 68E) pale with four darker spots forming a pair of faint bands at middle of R 2+3 and just beyond R 2+3. R 2+3 sinuate, curves symmetrical.

MALE ABDOMEN (Fig. 55). S5 simple, long, right side 1.1× as long as left, relatively sparsely setose, and broadly desclerotized posteromedially. S6 long but relatively broad, anterolateral corner slightly expanded. Epandrium wedge-shaped and relatively sparsely setose, left anteroventral corner strongly developed and triangular; cercus small, flattened, and slightly paler than epandrium, with a long seta and several smaller setulae. Surstylus large, subtriangular and somewhat flattened ventrolaterally, anterior edge with a distinct notch, outer surface densely long-setose, apical third with short inner setae, apex truncate. Postgonite broad, bent about midlength, basal part bulging anteriorly, apical part with many minute outer sensory setulae, apex bifurcate with elongate dorsal part and stout ventral part. Phallapodeme long, slightly curved, with a narrow dorsal “fin” and truncate apex; basiphallus relatively stout, saddle-shaped but flattened laterally. Distiphallus large, with a long, broad, ventral sclerite that is tubular in the basal quarter and flattened beyond, flattened part supports a very large dorsal ‘bubble’ of membrane.

FEMALE ABDOMEN (Fig. 56). T6 with setae restricted to posterolateral corners; T7 split into two rectangular lateral sclerites; halves of T8 strongly produced posteriorly. Epiproct broad, shield-like, medially desclerotized. Cercus semicircular with one long apical, one long subbasal and two long preapical setae. S8 subtriangular with three pairs of lateral setae (middle pair largest). Hypoproct trough-shaped. Spermathecae stout, bean-shaped (slightly curved), and lightly grooved in apical half (basal half smooth).

Distribution

Australasian/Oceanian: Australia (QLD).

Remarks

Kuwahara & Marshall (2022) moved Biroina fenestrata to the genus Pseudopterogramma on the basis of its very large anterior dorsocentral bristles, patterned wings with a short R 2+3, banded legs, mid tibia with pairs of proximal and distal dorsal bristles and, most importantly, its simple hypandrium.