Identification key for the species of Pavonia subg. Pavonia sect. Lopimia from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

1. Branches pubescent with stellate and glandular trichomes ................................................................................................................2

- Branches hirsute without stellate trichomes.......................................................................................................................................5

2. Leaf blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic, base truncate to cuneate .......................................................................................................3

- Leaf blade ovate, base cordate............................................................................................................................................................4

3. Calyx 10–13 mm long; petals pink to purple; mericarps glabrous..................................................................... Pavonia angustifolia

- Calyx 15–25 mm long; petals white; mericarps pubescent ................................................................................... Pavonia windischii

4. Leaf blade 9–21 cm long, chartaceous; epicalyx bracteoles 15–18(–24); petals pubescent on the abaxial surface; mericarps sticky, glabrous ............................................................................................................................................................ Pavonia malacophylla

- Leaf blade 2.5–4 cm long, coriaceous; epicalyx bracteoles 10–12; petals glabrous; mericarps not sticky, pubescent........................ ...................................................................................................................................................................... Pavonia rosa-campestris

5. Epicalyx bracteoles 6–8; calyx 4–6 mm long; petals 8–10 mm long, pink, basal spot darker pink; staminal tube 12 mm long......... ............................................................................................................................................................................ Pavonia neuropetala

- Epicalyx bracteoles 16–21; calyx 12–15 mm long; petals 40 mm long, yellow, basal spot red; staminal tube 20 mm long .............. ...................................................................................................................................................................... Pavonia aschersonioides