Chelostoma (Chelostoma) emarginatum (Nylander, 1856)

Heriades emarginata Nylander, 1856: 109 . Type material: Syntypes ♂ ♀, “Gallia meridionali” (France), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris .

Heriades appendiculata Morawitz, 1871: 209 . Type material: Syntypes ♂, “ Calabria ” (Italy), Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg. Synonymy in Warncke (1986).

Heriades angustata Chevrier, 1872: 505 . Type material: Syntypes ♀, “Environs de Nyon” (Switzerland), Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève. Synonymy in Frey-Gessner (1905).

Heriades intermedia Chevrier,1872: 506 . Type material: Holotype ♀, “Environs de Nyon” (Switzerland), Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève. Synonymy with Chelostoma foveolatum (Morawitz) in Schletterer (1889), rejected by Frey-Gessner (1905). Synonymy with Chelostoma emarginatum (Nylander) in Frey-Gessner (1905).

Chelostoma quadrifidum Kriechbaumer, 1879: 312 . Type material: Holotype ♂, “Bozen” (Italy), type depository unknown. Synonymy with Heriades appendiculatus Morawitz in Dalla Torre (1896). Synonymy with Chelostoma emarginatum (Nylander) in Schwarz et al. (1996).

Chelostoma incertum Pérez, 1890: 189 . Type material: Lectotype ♂, by designation of G. van der Zanden (unpublished), “Bogan” (France), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris. Synonymy in Benoist (1928).

Heriades ursina Benoist, 1935: 280 . Type material: Lectotype ♂, by designation of G. van der Zanden (unpublished), “ Transcaucasie: Lenkoran ” (Azerbaijan), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris. Synonymy in Schwarz et al. (1996).

Literature records. AUSTRIA: Burgenland, Niederösterreich, Oberösterreich, Steiermark (Schwarz et al. 1996). AZERBAIJAN: Ordubad (Proshchalykin & Maharramov 2020). CROATIA: Bjelovar-Bilogora, Istria, Primorje-Gorski (Józan 2009). CZECH REPUBLIQUE: Bohemia, Moravia (Straka et al. 2007). FRANCE: Charente, Corrèze, Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Rhône, Tarn (Benoist 1929). HUNGARY: everywhere (Józan 2011). GEORGIA: Kacheti: Lagodekhi (Kirkitadze & Japoshvili 2015). IRAN: Gilan (Nadimi et al. 2013). ITALY: Aosta Valley, Calabria, Campania, Emilia-Romagna, Lazio, Piemonte, Sicilia, Toscana, Trentino-Alto Adige, Umbria, Veneto (Pagliano 1994, 1995; Comba 2019). NORTH MACEDONIA: Southwest: Ohrid (Zanden 1984). PORTUGAL: Algarve, Baixo Alentejo, Coimbra, Guarda, Trás-os-Montes (Diniz 1989; Torres et al. 2012; Baldock et al. 2018). SLOVAKIA: Straka et al. (2007). SLOVENIA: Submediterranean and subpannonian region (Gogala 1999, 2014). SPAIN: Almeria, Barcelona, Córdoba, Girona, Jaén, Madrid, Valladolid, Zaragossa (Torres et al. 2012; Ortiz-Sánchez et al. 2023). SWITZERLAND: Ticino, formerly Vaud, Geneva (Praz et al. 2023). TURKEY: Adıyaman, Amasya, Ankara, Antalya, Aydın, Bilecik, Bingöl, Bursa, Çanakkale, Çorum, Erzincan, Hakkari, Istanbul, Konya, Mersin, Muğla, Osmaniye, Samsun, Şanlıurfa, Şırnak, Yozgat (Özbek 2011).

New records. AUSTRIA: Wien: Wien, Jedlesee, 20.5.1951, 1♀ (leg. B. Pittioni). AZERBAIJAN: Lankaran: Lankaran, 16. – 17.1999, 1♀ (leg. Dolin, Andreewa); Ordubad: Mazra, 39.03°N / 45.55°E, 2.5.2018, 1♀ (leg. M.M. Maharramov). BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: Posavina: near Zupania along road to Vicovici, 45.04 ° N / 18.42 ° E, 12.5.1974, 1♀ (leg. P.Pronk). BULGARIA: Blagoevgrad: Kresna, 41°42′N / 23°09′E, 170 m, 5.5.– 9.5.2010, 1♀, 2♂ (leg. Pacholatko); Burgas: Slancev brjag, 18.– 30.5.1989, 2♀ (leg. M. Halada); Chaskowo: Charmandli, 20.5.1978, 1♀ (leg. M. Kocourek); Kardschali: Rodopi, Monchilgrad, 41°31′N / 25°25′E, 400 m, 18.5.2012, 1♀ (leg. Pacholatko); Plovdiv: Rodopi, Hrabrino, 20.5.1997, 1fv (leg. Z. Pedr); Sliven: Ichera, 6.1962, 1♂ (leg. M. Kocourek); Stara Zagora: Rodopi, Galabovo, 8.6.1996, 1♀ (leg. Z. Pedr); Vratsa: Trakia, Volvodovo, 18.5.1996, 2♀, 1♂ (leg. Z. Pedr). CROATIA: Brod-Posavina: Ljupina, 45°15′N / 17°22′E, 14.5.1981, 1♂ (leg. H. Rausch, F. Ressl). CZECH REPUBLIC: Jihomoravsky kraj: Moravia, Mikulov, Kopecek, 30.6.1988, 1♀ (leg. Z. Padr). FRANCE: Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: Sisteron, 25.4.1960, 1♂ (leg. H. Wiering); Alpes-Maritimes: Nizza, Castagnier, 600 m, 7.5.1992, 1♀ (leg. S. Risch); Bouches-du-Rhône: Crau, Vergiere, 28.4.1991, 1♂ (leg. C. Schmid-Egger); Gard: Uzès, 27.4.1976, 1♂ (leg. H. Wiering); Haute-Garonne: Toulouse, 5.1931, 1♂ (leg. Gasche); Hérault: Agde, Vias, 4.5.1997, 5♀ (leg. M. Mucka); Lot: Le Montat, 14.- 19.5.1986, 1♀ (leg. A.D.J. Meeuse); Pyrénées-Orientales: Villelongue, 400 m, 25.5.1996, 1♀ (leg. H. Wiering); Var: Montmayon, 350 m, 14.5.2004, 1♂ (leg. Namur); Vaucluse: Lourmarin, 250m, 21.5.2004, 1♀ (leg. A. Müller). GREECE: Aegean Islands: Lesvos, Aspropotamos, 39.286 ° N / 26.3682 ° E, 11.4.2012, 1♂ (leg. A. Chroni); Rhodes, Lindos, 23.4.1970, 1♂ (leg. H. Teunissen); Samos, Karlovasi, 26.4.1977, 1♀ (leg. H. Teunissen); Samothrace, Alonia, 40.4684 ° N / 25.5191 ° E, 23.4.2012, 1♂ (leg. M. de Courcy); Thasos, Theologos, 40.6538 ° N / 24.6788 ° E, 11.4.2012, 1♂ (leg. M. de Courcy); Attica: Athens, Papagos, 37.982 ° N / 23.8106 ° E, 29.3.2012, 1♂ (leg. E. Papas); Central Greece: 30km S Lamia Bralos, 10.5.2005, 17♀ (leg. J. Halada); Central Macedonia: Athos, 180 m, 27.4.1987, 1♀ (leg. S. Blank); Crete: Rethimno, 3 km NW Gonies, 26.4.1985, 1♂ (leg. R. Leys); Eastern Macedonia and Thrace: Sidironeron, 20 km N Drama, 640 m, 25.– 30.5.1987, 2♂ (leg. P.Thomas); Epirus: Preveza, Parga, 140 m, 22.4.2002, 1m (leg. R. Neumeyer); Ionian Islands: Kephalonia, 1.5.– 4.5 km W Dimisianata, 150 m, 15.4.1992, 1♂ (leg. S. Blank); Korfu, Aghii Deka, 5.1978, 1♂ (leg. H. Teunissen); Lefkada, Khortata, 900 m, 20.4.1977, 2♂ (leg. K. Guichard); Peloponnese: Mistras near Sparta, 17.4.2000, 1♀ (leg. W. Arens); Thessaly: SE Mount Mavrovuni, 35 km N Volos, 5.5.2005, 2♂ (leg. J. Halada); Western Greece: Andritsena, Vassae, 30.5.1998, 1♀ (leg. W. Arens); Western Macedonia: Florina, 680 m, 5.5.1971, 1♀ (leg. J.v.d. Vecht). IRAN: Fars: Dast Arjan, 29.552 ° N / 51.942 ° E, 2260 m, 4.5.2016, 1♀ (leg. M. Kafka); Ilam: Abda Man Dinar Gaouh, 32.915 ° N / 47.301 ° E, 1830 m, 12.5.2016, 2♀ (leg. M. Kafka); Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad: Likak Gach Boland, 30.993 ° N / 50.148 ° E, 1640 m, 7.5.2016, 1♀ (leg. M. Kafka); Lorestan: Dorud, Lanjabad, 33.419 ° N / 48.986 ° E, 960 m, 10.5.2016, 1♀ (leg. M. Kafka). IRAQ: Dahuk: Mount Gara, 1912 m, 37.015833 ° N / 43.350556 ° E, 11.5.2023, 4♀, 5♂ (leg. D. Baiocchi). ITALY: Liguria: Levanto, 21.– 25.4.1992, 1♀ (leg. A. Müller); Lombardia: Pusiano, 11.4.1948, 1♀, 1♂ (leg. A. Nadig); Puglia: Gargano, Mt. S. Angelo, 400–700, 27.5.1993, 1♀ (leg. A. Müller); Sardinia: Cala Gonone, 40.266 ° N / 9.628 ° E, 30 m, 29.4.2018, 1♂ (leg. D. Bénon). HUNGARY: Central Hungary: Bakony, Zirc, 24.– 26.5.1991, 1♂ (leg. N. Mohr); Central Transdanubia: Balatonfüred, 2 km S Tihany, 30.5.1992, 1♀ (leg. C. Schmid-Egger); Northern Great Plain: Bihardancshazza, 15 km W Berettyoujfalu, 12.6.1995, 1♀ (leg. L. Blommers); Southern Transdanubia: Mecsek, Pécs, 31.5.1991, 2♂ (leg. N. Mohr). MONTENEGRO: Budva: Sveti Stefan, 3. 9.5.1974, 1♀ (leg. P. Witzgall). NORTH MACEDONIA: East: Stip, 6.5.1904, 1♀ (leg. Meyer); Pelagonia: Pelister, Baba mountains, 6.6.1972, 1♂ (leg. H. Teunissen); Southeast: Gevgelija, 26.4.1957, 1♀ (leg. Gines). ROMANIA: Alba: Rimetea, 46°27.6′N / 23°34.15′E, 550–600m, 30.5.2007, 1♂ (leg. Z. Pedr) Caras-Severin: Cozia, W Turnu Severin, 26.5.2002, 2♀ (leg. M.Halada); Mehedinti: Orsova at route Cozla-Bigar, 25.5.2002, 1♂ (leg. M. Snizek). SERBIA: Belgrade: Resnik, 8.5.1936, 1♂ (leg. Martino). SLOVAKIA: Nitra: Sturuvo env., 6.5.1965, 1♀ (leg. M. Kocourek). SLOVENIA: Podravska: Maribor, Varazdin, 275 m, 26.4.1960, 3♂ (leg. K. Guichard); Primorsko-notranjska: Istria, Portoroz, 7.5.1904, 1♀ (leg. F. Parré); Savinjska: Podcetrtek, 26.6.1938, 1♀ (leg. Stöcklein). SPAIN: Alicante: Petrer, 38.45892 ° N / 0.77740 ° W, 407 m, 2.4.2017, 1♀ (leg. H. Schwenninger); Balearic Islands: Mallorca, Sóller, 22.4.– 5.5.1976, 1♂ (leg. B.J. Lempke); Salamanca: Mozarbez, 40º50′21′′N / 5º38′27′′W, 12.05.2022, 1♀ (leg. J. Smit); Segovia: Rio Peces, Revenga, 1165 m, 9.6.2012, 1♀ (leg. J. Ortiz-Sánchez). TURKMENISTAN: Balkan Region: Ai-dere, 24.4.– 1.5.1986, 5♀, 1♂ (leg. E. Budris).

Distribution. Southern, southern Western, southern Central and southern Eastern Europe (Portugal, Spain, France, Italy including Sardinia and Sicily, southern Switzerland, Austria, southern Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece including Aegean Islands, Crete and Ionian Islands), Turkey, Caucasus (Azerbaijan, Georgia), northern Iraq, Iran and southwesternmost Turkmenistan.

Pollen hosts. Oligolectic on Ranunculus ( Ranunculaceae) (Sedivy et al. 2008).

Nesting biology. Unknown.