Zeuzera pyrina (Linnaeus, 1761)

(Fig. 21F)

Phalaena pyrina Linnaeus, 1761, Fauna Svecica: 306.

LT: Sweden. Type material (syntypes) in LSL .

Synonymy:

= Noctua hypocasstani Poda, 1761, Ins. Mus. Graecensis.: 88.

LT: Graecia. Type material is lost.

= P [halaena] Noctua aesculi Linnaeus, 1767, Syst. Nat. 1 (2): 833.

LT: Europe. Type material (syntypes) in LSL .

= Phalaena hilaris Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785, Ent. Paris 2: 88

LT: France. Type material is lost .

= Zeuzera octopunctata Boisduval, [1841] 1834, Icones Hist. Lépid. Nouv. ou peu connus 2: 181.

LT: aux environs de Palerme [Sicile]. Type material is probably lost.

= Zeuzera pyrina ab. conflua Schultz, 1905, Nyt. Mag. Naturvid. 43: 121.

LT:? Germany. Type material is probably lost .

= Zeuzera yprina (sic!) f. paulomaculata Stichel, 1918, Zeitschr. Wiss. Ins.-Biol. 14: 200.

LT: Germany. Type material (holotype) in MHUB .

= Zeuzera pyrina ab. confluens Cockayne, 1955, Entomol. Gaz. 6 (1): 6.

LT: London [England]. Type material (holotype) in BMNH .

= Zeuzera pyrina f. marginestriata Lempke, 1961, Tijdschr. Entomol. 104: 178.

LT: Halfweg [The Netherlands]. Type material (holotype) in coll. van Aartsen.

Material examined. HMIM: Alborz Prov.: 4 ♂♂, Karaj, Shâh Dasht, 13.–20.vi.1976, leg. Rajabi; East Âzarbâijân Prov.: 5 ♂♂, Khodâ Âfarin, Arasbârân forest, Gandomnân, N 38°59΄25˝, E 46°52΄12˝, 1280 m, 15.vii.2005, leg. Zahiri, Golmohammadzâdeh-Khiâbân, 1 ♂ , Kaleybar, Vâyeghân, 1440 m, 5.–6.viii.1992, leg. Parchami-Arâghi, Badii, 1 ♂, Kaleybar, Tâtâr, Aras river, N 39°01΄12.2˝, E 46°44΄29.4˝, 350 m, 29.vii.2007, leg. Âlipanâh, Zahiri, Falsafi, 1 ♂, Ahar, Horând, 1000 m, 3.viii.1992, leg. Parchami-Arâghi, Badii ; Esfahân Prov.: 2 ♂♂, Natanz, Targh, 2630 m, 8.vii.2003, leg. Ghayurfar, Ebert, Trusch, Nematiân ; Gilân Prov.: 2 ♂♂, Asâlem, 18.vii.1972, leg. Abâi, 1 ♂, Asâlem, 250 m, 14.viii.1992, leg. Parchami-Arâghi, Badii, 1 ♂, Asâlem, Gisum, 160 m, 18.viii.1972, leg. Pâzuki, Borumand, 4 ♂♂, Asâlem, Parehsar, 950 m, 14.viii.1974, leg. Mirzâyâns, Abâi, 2 ♂♂, Asâlem, Âbish Gharah, 1250 m, 30.vii.1976, leg. Pâzuki, Borumand, 1 ♂, Asâlem, Sheikh Mahal, 160 m, 28.–30.vi.1977, leg. Pâzuki, Mortazavihâ, 1 ♂, Asâlem- Khalkhâl Rd., Asâlem forest, N 37°40΄33.7˝, E 48°47΄53.6˝, 550 m, 15.vi.2006, leg. Zahiri, Falsafi, 1 ♂, Tâlesh, Rig (15 km Tâlesh), 570 m, 31.viii.1975, leg. Mirzâyâns, 1 ♂, Lâhijân, Siâhkal, Bâlâ Rud, 270 m, 12.viii.1980, leg. Pâzuki, Borumand, 1 ♂, Bandar Anzali, 10.vii.1966, leg. Mirzâyâns, 1 ♂, Bandar Anzali, 10.viii.1971, leg. Ghâzioff, 1 ♂, Mâsâl, Shâlmâ, 30.viii.2005, leg. Hesâmi, Seyed Ebrâhimi, 1 ♂, Âstârâ-Ardebil Rd., km 5, 100 m, 26.v.1997, leg. Sarafrâzi, Badii, V. Nazari, 2 ♂♂, Âstârâ- Namin Rd., 10 km W Âstârâ, N 38°26΄01.7˝, E 48°46΄47.3˝, 97 m, 24.vii.2007, leg. Zahiri, Âlipanâh, 1 ♂, Tâlesh, Tulârood, N 37°45΄12.2˝, E 48°54΄50.6˝, 144 m, 17.vii.2013, leg. Afsariân, Sarafrâzi, 2 ♂♂, Tâlesh, Rig, N 37°49΄39.1˝, E 48°53΄53.7˝, 75 m, 26.viii.2014, leg. Afsariân, 1 ♂, Tâlesh, N 37°35΄24.6˝, E 48°58΄19.7˝, 1621 m, 27.viii.2014, leg. Afsariân, 1 ♂ , Âstâneh Ashrafiyeh, Siâhkal, N 37°09΄09˝, E 49°52΄13˝, 180 m, 15.v.2006, leg. Sarafrâzi, Nematiân, 2 ♂♂, Fuman, Gashtrudkhân, N 37°08΄00.0˝, E 49°11΄00.0˝, 295 m, 29.vi.2008, leg. Âlipanâh, Nematiân, 1 ♂, Shaft, Ahmad Gurâb, Siâhmezgi vill., N 37°0.00΄56.86˝, E 49°15΄7.95˝, 626 m, 23.vii.2010, leg. Âlipanâh, Falsafi, 2 ♂♂, Tâlesh, Kishdibi, N 37°49΄59.3˝, E 48°47΄33.7˝, 439 m, 18.vii.2013, leg. Afsariân, 5 ♂♂, Rezvân Shahr, Dorân forest, N 37°35΄44.7˝, E 49°0.4΄51.7˝, 110 m, 19.vii.2013, leg. Afsariân, Sarafrâzi ; Golestân Prov.: 1 ♂, Golestân National Park, Ghush Cheshmeh, 1000 m, 9.viii.1998, leg. Mofidi-Neyestânak, V. Nazari, 1 ♂, Golestân National Park, Koylar, 1250 m, 23.vii.1996, leg. Ebrâhimi, V. Nazari, 1 ♂, Golestân National Park, Koylar, 1100 m, 6.iii.1998, leg. Mofidi-Neyestânak, V. Nazari, 1 ♂, Golestân National Park, Koylar, 1350 m, 29.vii.2001, leg. Gilâsiân, Moghaddam, Ghayurfar, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Golestân National Park, Mazârli, 530 m, 19.–20.vi.1977, leg. Pâzuki, Abâi, 2 ♂♂, Golestân National Park, Tang-e Gol, 600 m, 14.–15.vii.1985, leg. Pâzuki, 1 ♂, Golestân National Park, Tang-e Gol, 630 m, 4.–5.ix.1987, leg. Pâzuki, 1 ♂, Golestân National Park, Tang-e Gol, 650 m, 13.–14.x.1988, leg. Pâzuki, 5 ♂♂, Golestân National Park, Tang-e Gol, 700 m, 24.–27.vii.1996, leg. Ebrâhimi, V. Nazari, 2 ♂♂, Golestân National Park, Tang-e Gol, 750 m, 20.vii.2001, leg. Ghayurfar, Gilâsiân, Moghaddam, 1 ♂, Gorgân, Ali Âbâd, Kabudvâl, 200 m, 22.viii.1983, leg. Borumand, Pâzuki, 5 ♂♂, Tuskastân, Gorgân- Shâhrud Rd., N 36°44΄37.6˝, E 54°34΄02.6˝, 660 m, 15.vii.2007, leg. Zahiri, Karimzâdeh, 1 ♂, Râmiân, Jâmeshurân, 1250 m, 22.vi.1995, leg. Mirzâyâns, Badii, Sarafrâzi; Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Prov.: 1 ♂, Sisakht, 2100 m, 16.vi.1986, leg. Mirzâyâns, Hâshemi, 1 ♂ , 30 km S Yâsuj, 19.vi.2005, leg. Zahiri, Falsafi ; Markazi Prov.: 1 ♂, Narâgh, Saricheh, 1650 m, 9.–11.vi.1984, leg. Pâzuki, Hâshemi ; Mâzandarân Prov.: 1 ♂, Tonekâbon, 250 m, 22.vii.1980, leg. Hâshemi, Zairi, 2 ♂♂, Tonekâbon lab., 10.–11.viii.1980, leg. Pâzuki, Borumand, 1 ♂ , Abbâs Âbâd, 18.vii.1980, leg. Hâshemi, Zairi, 1 ♂, Kelârdasht, Dasht Nazar, 19.viii.1976, leg. Zairi, 1 ♂, Kelârdasht, 26.viii.1976, leg. Zairi, 2 ♂♂, Zirâb, Palang Darreh, 540 m, 24.–25.vi.1977, leg. Pâzuki, Mortazavihâ, 1 ♂, Nowshahr, 10.vii.1969, leg. Abâi, 1 ♂, 6 km E Nur, Rostam Rud, 8.viii.1980, leg. Pâzuki, Borumand , 2 ♂♂, Bâbolsar, Kâleh, 19.–21.vi.1989, leg. Pâzuki, 1 ♂, Bâbol, 8.viii.1949, leg. Bâbâi, 1 ♂, Behshahr, Duk forest, 840 m, 23.vi.1977, leg. Pâzuki, Mortazavihâ, 1 ♂, Behshahr, Pasand, Pasand Res. Sta., 6.vii.1981, no collector given, 1 ♂, Râmsar- Javâherdeh Rd. (km 6), N 36°54΄29.3˝, E 50°35΄13.2˝, 554 m, 23.vii.2007, leg. Âlipanâh, Zahiri, Falsafi, 1 ♂, Râmsar, Javâherdeh, Eshkatehchâl, 1152 m, 25.vii.2002, leg. Moghaddam, Nematiân ; North Khorâsân Prov.: 1 ♂, N Shirvân, Kopet Dâgh Mt., Sarâni vill., Sarâni Protected area, N 37°48΄22.5˝, E 57°56΄29.7˝, 1500 m, 22.vi.2013, leg. Âlipanâh, Falsafi, 1 ♂, Âshkhâneh, Darkash, 1350 m, 15.vi.2009, leg. Mofidi-Neyestânak, 1 ♂, Âshkhâneh- Chamanbid Rd., 1.7 km SW Jozak vill., N 37°25΄25.2˝, E 56°40΄28.2˝, 1.vii.2014, 1148 m, leg. Âlipanâh, Falsafi ; Razavi Khorâsân Prov.: 1 ♂, Ghuchân, Chakaneh-e Olyâ, Fahneh, 1780 m, 11, 12.vi.2009, leg. Mofidi-Neyestânak ; Tehrân Prov.: 1 ♂, Rudbâr-e Ghasrân, Garmâbdar, 2370 m, 28.–29.v.1991, leg. Ebrâhimi, Badii, 3 ♂♂, Damâvand, Âbsard, 1900 m, 3.–7.vii.1978, leg. Pâzuki, Sabzevâri, 1 ♂ , Shahriâr, 17.vii.1966, leg. Shâh-Hosseini, 1 ♂, Rudehen, 23.vii.1969, leg. Mirzâyâns, Abâi, 1 ♂, Robât Karim, Urin, 1050 m, 24.–25.v.1993, leg. Parchami-Arâghi, Badii.

MWM: 3 ♂♂, Nordpersien, Umg. Shakhabad, National Park, 1300 m, 21.viii.1977, leg. J. de Freina ; 3 ♂♂, N Iran, Kaleybar, 1700 m, 6.viii.1978, leg. Werner Thomas ; 1 ♂, Mazandaran prov., 8 km S Neka, 200 m, 5.v.2000, leg. Szabo & Hentschel ; 1 ♂, Persia septentrionalis, Gorgan Shan, M. Reza, 18.vi.1977, leg. Sojak.

RYB: 1 ♂, Talysh (= Tâlesh), Zanjan prov., near Abbar, vill. Hezzarud, 750 m, 1.v.2008, leg. E. Rutjan ; 8 ♂♂, Horosan (= Khorâsân) prov., Qadamgah area, Darrud v. vic ., Gerina (= Garineh) v., N 36°08΄, E 59°10΄, 2000 m, 4.vi.2009, leg. K. Kolesnichenko ; 10 ♂♂, N Horasan (= Khorâsân), Binalud Mts., ca. 15 km NE Darrud, vic of Gerinah (= Garineh), 1700 m, 14.vi.2011, leg. K. Kolesnichenko ; 1 ♂, Horasan (= Khorâsân), Khezri, 30.v.2009, leg. K. Kolesnichenko ; 1 ♂, C Horasan, 15 km SW Khezry Dasht-e-Bayaz, 1800 m, 8.vi.2011, leg. K. Kolesnichenko ; 1 ♂, Shahkuh Mts., Shahrud area, Tohar (an erroneous spelling of Tajar), 2100 m, 27.vi.2010, leg. K. Kolesnichenko.

Distribution. Europe including S England, N Africa (Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, Mauritania), Iran, Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Caucasus, Transcaucasia, SW Siberia, N America (Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey), Central Africa (Ghana) ( Erschoff & Fild 1870; Oberthür 1876; Staudinger & Rebel 1901; Dyar 1902; Spuler 1910; Andres & Seitz 1923; Schwingenschuss 1938; Ellison & Wiltshire 1939; Wiltshire 1944, 1949b, 1957; Chneour 1955; Milyanovsky 1964; Barou 1967; El-Hariri 1968; Didmanidze 1975; Rungs 1979; de Freina 1983, 1996; Gevorkian 1986; Devyatkin 1989; de Freina & Witt 1990; Lewandowski & Fischer 2002; Yakovlev 2010, 2011a; Saldaitis et al. 2007), China (Qinghai, Chekiang) (Daniel 1940; Chen 1993).

Distribution in Iran. N, SW, E, and Central Iran (Fig. 35D).

Host plants. Fraxinus excelsior L., Viscum album L., Ligustrum sp., Malus sp., Prunus sp., Quercus sp., Betula sp., Aesculus sp., Hippopae rhamnoides L., Ulmus sp., Crataegus sp., Salix sp., Populus tremula L., Acer sp., Carpinus betulus L., Fagus sylvatica L., Viburnum sp., Tilia sp., Frangula alnus Mill., Lonicera sp., Ribes sp., Pyrus sp., Sorbus aucuparia L., Corylus sp., Platanus sp., Castenea sp., Tamarix sp., Mahonia sp., Spiraea sp., Syringa sp., Sambucus sp., Castanea Mill., Cornus L., and Ilex aquifolium L. (Anfinnikov 1962; Gómez-Bustillo & Fernándes-Rubio 1976; Skinner 1985; Schoorl 1990; Speidel 1994; Bertaccini et al. 1997; Buser et al. 2000; Piskunov et al. 2000; Kutinkova et al. 2006).

Comment. Due to unavailability of the coordinates for “Shakhabad, National Park” and “Gorgan Shan, M. Reza”, these localities were excluded from the distribution map (Fig. 26D).