Genus Kirbyana Distant, 1906

Kirbya Melichar, 1903: 37, preoccupied by Kirbya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera) .

Kirbyana Distant, 1906a: 262, nom. nov. for Kirbya Melichar, 1903 .

Kirbyella Kirkaldy, 1906: 248, synonymised by Distant, 1906b: 274.

Saccharias Kirkaldy, 1907: 125, synonymised by Fennah, 1980: 239.

Commolenda Distant, 1911: 741, synonymised by Fennah, 1978: 211.

Type species: Kirbya pagana Melichar, 1903 (by monotypy).

Diagnosis. Body size. Moderate-sized species. Body strongly compressed laterally.

Head and Thorax. Head including eyes slightly narrower than pronotum. Vertex in profile horizontal, in same line as thorax, meeting frons abruptly nearly at 90°; subapical carina absent. Frons somewhat longer than broad or as long as wide; median carina present; anterior margin angularly emarginate or transverse; position of maximum width of frons more or less at the level of antennae. Median ocellus absent. Subapical segment of rostrum 2.5 times longer than apical segment. Pronotum very narrow, scarcely half as long as vertex in midline. Mesonotum nearly twice as long as pronotum and vertex together. Forewing with the eucarpian basal concavity of the anterior margin of the forewings, also slightly concave at node level. Hindwing with simple radius (R). Hind tibia lacking lateral spines. Metatibiotarsal formula: 6/8‒11/9‒11.

Male genitalia. Pygofer symmetrical and prolonged with symmetrical lateral lobes in lateral view. Medioventral process thumb-like in lateral view. Anal segment short and stout. Gonostyli relatively small and symmetrical. Aedeagus slender and endosoma (=flagellum) of aedeagus with spinose processes.

Female genitalia. Ovipositor elongate, orthopteroid and slightly curved upwards; anal segment square or rectangular in dorsal view; tergite IX without wax plate. Posterior vagina with sclerites.

Remarks. There is a discrepancy in the paper by Tsaur and Hsu (2003): in the key it is stated that the median ocellus is present in Kirbyana, but in all three generic descriptions it is mentioned that the median ocellus is absent, and the latter is true in all species present in our study, the collection of Zoological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences (examined by A. F. Emeljanov) and Kirbyana australis (Muir, 1913) (Löcker et al., 2010) .

Distribution. Australian, Sino-Japanese and Oriental regions.

Key to the species of Kirbyana Distant of the world

1. Anterior margin of vertex transverse...................................................................... 2

- Anterior margin of vertex angularly excavated or incised at middle.............................................. 9

2. Forewing with numerous small fuscous spots on basal half and several waved fuscous lines on apical half K. deusta (Distant)

- Forewing not so marked................................................................................ 3

3. Forewing with a crossvein from MP to CuA 1 near CuA fork.................................................... 4

- Forewing without crossvein from MP to CuA 1 near CuA fork.................................................. 5

4. Forewing without crossvein from MP 3+4 to CuA 1 (Löcker et al., 2010: fig. 6C)...................... K. australis (Muir)

- Forewing with two crossveins from MP 3+4 to CuA 1 (Kirkaldy, 1907: fig. 1)...................... K. deventeri (Kirkaldy)

5. The ventral margin of periandrium with three spinous processes................................................ 6

- The ventral margin of periandrium with one spinous process................................................... 8

6. Periandrium of aedeagus with a compressed production on apical two-thirds of left side (Fig. 40I)...... K. lini Tsaur & Hsu

- Periandrium of aedeagus without compressed production on apical two-thirds of left side............................ 7

7. One of the two basal processes of ventral margin of periandrium bifurcate (Fig. 38I, J, L).......... K. furcata Zhi & Chen

- Both basal processes of ventral margin of periandrium unbifurcated (Fig. 35I, J, L)................ K. aspina Zhi & Chen

8. The spinous process on right side of periandrium shorter than 1/2 length of periandrium; the caudal margin of pygofer with a bulged projection (Fig. 44D, E, H)......................................................... K. projecta sp. nov.

- The spinous process on right side of periandrium longer than 1/2 length of periandrium; the caudal margin of pygofer without bulged projection (Fig. 47D, E, H).......................................................... K. spinata sp. nov.

9. All tubercles of longitudinal veins in forewings colourless......................................... K. javana Muir

- Some tubercles of longitudinal veins in forewings dark...................................................... 10

10. Forewing with MP 3+4 joining CuA 1 with crossvein MP 3+4 -CuA 1 (Fig. 42A)............. K. pacifica Emeljanov & Hayashi

- Forewing with MP 3+4 joining CuA 1 directly without crossvein MP 3+4 -CuA 1 ....................................... 11

11. Forewing with a series of black spots on the claval vein and the inner bifurcating veins; mesonotum with a small dark spot near base of each lateral carina.............................................................. K. pagana (Melichar)

- Forewing not so marked; mesonotum without a spot on each side near base of lateral carina............... K. pratti Muir