Subgenus Anisoptera Latreille, 1829

Anisoptera Latreille, 1829 . In Cuvier. Regne animal 2(5):184.

Type species: Locusta dorsalis Latreille, 1804 . Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins. 12:133.

Conocephalus (Neoxiphidion) Karny, 1912 . Genera Insectorum 135:8.

Type species: Locusta fasciata De Geer (= Conocephalus fasciatus), by subsequent designation; authority: Rehn & Hebard, 1915. Trans. Amer. Entomol. Soc. 41:155–224, Pl.XV-XX.

Palotta Walker, 1869 . Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection of the British Museum 2:249.

Type species: Xiphidium inornata Walker, F. (= Conocephalus iris), by original monotypy.

Xiphidium Burmeister, 1838 . Handbuch der Entomologie 2 2(I-VIII):707.Note: Replacement name for Xiphidion Serville 1831 . Syn. By Kirby, 1906. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera ( Orthoptera Saltatoria, Locustidae vel Acridiidae) 2: 274.

Type species: Not available.

Conocephalus (Thecoxiphidion) Karny, 1912 . Genera Insectorum 135:12.

Type species: Xiphidium strictum Scudder, S.H. (= Conocephalus strictus), by subsequent designation; authority: Rehn & Hebard, 1915. Trans. Amer. Entomol. Soc. 41:155-224, Pl.XV-XX.

Xiphidion Serville, 1831 . Ann. Sci. nat. 22(86):159.

Type species: Locusta fusca Fabricius, (= Conocephalus fuscus fuscus), by subsequent designation; authority: Rehn, 1905. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 57:790-843.

Diagnosis. Fastigium verticis narrow or wide. Prosternum with two long narrow spines. Mid femora ventrally armed or unarmed. Ovipositor shorter than hind femur; straight to curved. Dorsal and ventral pairs of spurs of hind tibiae well developed. Male cerci with a single internal tooth. Female subgenital plate with variable excision.