Agrilus biguttatus (Fabricius, 1777)

(Figs 2 A–2E, 14B)

Examined specimens. ALGERIA. Béjaia. 20km E of Bejaia, Tichy; 36°40'03"N, 005°08'43"E; 6-1983; 1 (EJCB). AZERBAIJAN. Talysh Mts. km 14–18, Rte Lenkoran-Lerik; 38°44'20"N, 048°38'25"E; 4, 5-2001; 1 (EJCB) . BULGARIA. Arkutino; 42°18'N, 27°43'E; 6-1982; 1 (EJCB) // Pirin Mts., Sugarevo env.; 41°33'39"N, 023°25'38"E; 6-2006; 2 (EJCB) // Sliven env.; 42°41'38"N, 026°19'04"E; 5, 6-1994; 1 ♂ (EJCB) . CZECH REPUBLIC. Bohuslavice; 50°07'52"N, 015°06'35"E; 7-1987; 2 (EJCB) // Brno; 49°12'N, 016°33'E; 8-1984; 1 (EJCB) // Ježkovice; 49°17'54"N, 016°53'30"E; 7-1982; 1 (EJCB) // Kněžičky env., Žehuňska obora; 50°08'52"N, 015°19'48"E; 5-2012; 1 (EJCB) // Kobylí; 48°56'05"N, 016°53'03"E; 5-1986; 1 (EJCB) ; 6-1987; 3 (EJCB) // Libiš; 50°16'34"N, 014°30'08"E; 5-1990; 1 (EJCB) // Nová Ves; 8-1999; 1 (EJCB) // Řevnice; 49°54'46"N, 014°13'57"E; 6-1947; 1 (EJCB) // Tursko; 50°11'27"N, 014°19'20"E; 5-1976; 1 (EJCB) . GEORGIA. Abkhazia. Picunda [= Pitsunda]; 43°11'10"N, 040°22'45"E; 6-1969; 1 (EJCB) . GREECE. Katafito; 41°20'40"N, 023°39'49"E; 5-2016; alt. 891 m; 1 (EJCB) . SLOVAKIA. 5 km S of Poprad, Hranovnická Dubina Res.; 49°01'N, 020°17'E; 6-2005; alt. 600–700 m; 1 (EJCB) // 3 km SW Pukanec; 48°21'N, 018°42'E; 6-2005; alt. 450–500 m; 1 (EJCB) // Bratislava— Dlhé Diely; 48°09'07"N, 017°02'31"E; 6-2004; 3 (EJCB) // Bratislava—Malé Karpaty; 48°10'50"N, 017°05'50"E; 5-1988; 6 (EJCB) // Bratislava—Červený most; 48°10'26"N, 017°04'29"E; 7-1981; 1 (EJCB) // Bratislava, Jur; 48°14'55"N, 017°12'40"E; 6-1988; 1 (EJCB) // Devín; 48°10'49"N, 016°59'17"E; 5-1977; 1 (EJCB) // Hlohovec; 48°26'N, 17°48'E; 1979; Larval host: Quercus; 55 (EJCB) // Kamenica nad Hronom; 47°49'59"N, 018°43'22"E; 7- 1963; 2 (EJCB) // Limbach; 48°17'44"N, 017°12'43"E; 6-1977; 1 (EJCB) // Modra; 48°19'N, 17°18'E; 6-1982; 1 (EJCB) // Nitra—Zobor; 48°20'24"N, 018°06'19"E; 6-1975; 1 (EJCB) // Plavecký Štvrtok; 48°22'25"N, 017°01'18"E; 7-1975; 1 (EJCB) // Zlaté Moravce, Tribeč; 48°23'12"N, 018°26'19"E; 7-1980; 1 (EJCB) ; 8-1980; 1 (EJCB). SLOVENIA. Kostanjevica na Krki; 45°52'51"N, 015°25'11"E; 5-2010; 1 ♀ (EJCB) . TURKEY. Bitlis. 25 km SW of Bitlis, Sarikonak; 38°13'27"N, 041°54'31"E; 6-1995; 1 (EJCB) . Içel. 20 km NW of Erdemli; 36°40'38"N, 034°10'59"E; 6-1992; 2 (EJCB) .

Host plant cited. Adult: Quercus .

Distribution (Fig. 14B). AFRICA: ALGERIA: Annaba, Béjaia, Boumerdes, Oran, Tizi Ouzou; MOROCCO: Tanger-Tétouan; TUNISIA: Jendouba. ASIA: ARMENIA; AZERBAIJAN; CHINA: Inner Mongolia; GEORGIA; IRAN: Mazandaran; SYRIA: Latakia; TURKEY. EUROPE: ALBANIA; AUSTRIA; BELARUS; BELGIUM; BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA; BULGARIA; CROATIA; CZECH REPUBLIC; DENMARK; ESTONIA; FRANCE, Corse; GERMANY; GREECE; HUNGARY; ITALY, Sardegna, Sicilia; LATVIA; LIECHTENSTEIN; LITHUANIA; LUXEMBOURG; MACEDONIA; MOLDOVA; MONTENEGRO; NETHERLANDS; NORWAY: Aust-Agder, Vest-Agder, Vestfold; POLAND; PORTUGAL; ROMANIA; RUSSIA: Adygeya, Belgorod, Chuvash, Kirov, Lipetsk, Mariy-El, Moskva, Orenburg, Ryazan, Samara, Saratov, Stavropol, Tambov, Tatarstan, Udmurt, Ulyanovsk, Vladimir, Volgograd, Voronezh; SERBIA; SLOVAKIA; SLOVENIA; SPAIN; SWEDEN: Blekinge, Jönköping, Kalmar, Kronoberg, Östergötland, Skåne, Stockholm, Uppsala, Värmland, Västra Götaland; SWITZERLAND; TURKEY; UKRAINE; UNITED KINGDOM.

Remarks. The record of Kerremans (1908: 109) in catalog from Egypt and that of Nonnaizab et al., (1999: 112) in the checklist from China: Inner Mongolia, were omitted. Kostin (1973) listed A. biguttatus without supporting references in the key of beetles of Kazakhstan. For this reason, also Kazakhstan was excluded from the distribution. However, Western and northwestern Kazakhstan make very likely eastern limits of the range of this species.

Biological remarks. In Slovakia, Agrilus biguttatus is a very common species developing in stressed or dying Quercus in natural habitats (Figs 2 A–2E). The species prefers parts with very thick bark, because the pupal chamber is located in the bark. Larval galleries running in the cambial part are very obscure when the bark is removed (Figs 2 D–2E), but infested trees can be detected by woodpecker’s activity peeling off the upper part of bark when foraging for the last instar larvae in pupal chambers (Fig. 2B).