Sphaeroderma nigricolle Jacoby, 1885

Fig. 12 A – O

Host plant.

Liliaceae: Cardiocrinum cordatum (Thunb.), Lilium auratum Lindley, Tricyrtis flava Maxim, T. macropoda Miq.; Smilacaceae: Smilax china L., S. nipponica Miq., S. riparia A. DC., S. stans Maxim., Heterosmilax japonica Kunth; Stemonaceae: Croomia heterosepala (Baker), C. japonica Miq. Note: this species was collected on 11 host plants (six genera and three families of monocots, and the emerged adults varied in color and size among their host plants).

Leaf mine.

Full-depth long linear mine on mature leaf, often adjoining its own previous trajectory (Fig. 12 B, D, G, H, J, N. O). Frass is thread-like, deposited along the middle line of the mine. The fully grown larva exits the mined leaf, falls to the ground, and pupates underground. The mine on Tricyrtis is unique in that the mine in young instars is not linear but radiate (Fig. 12 D).

Material examined.

• 5 adults, Mt. Haguro, Tsuruoka, Yamagata Pref., 8-VII-2018 (as larva on Lilium auratum), emerged on 31-VIII – 7-IX-2018 (Fig. 12 A, B) ; • 1 adult, Iwakura, Sakyo, Kyoto Pref., 8-IX-2008 (as larva on Tricyrtis macropoda), emerged on 16-XI-2008 (Fig. 12 C, D) ; • 1 adult, Mt. Torigata, Niyodogawa, Agawa-gun, Kôchi Pref., 6-X-2020 (as larva on Smilax stans), emerged on 4-III-2021 (Fig. 9 E – G) ; • 2 adults, Mt. Haguro, Tsuruoka, Yamagata Pref., 12-VI-2019 (as larva on Smilax nipponica), emerged on 16-VIII-2019 ; several leaf mines, Mt. Ôtaki, Kagawa, Pref., 7-IX-1998 on Smilax stans (Fig. 12 H); • 1 adult, Kikuchi-keikoku, Kumamoto Pref., 2-V-2018 on Croomia japonica (Fig. 12 I – K); • 1 adult, Naon, Amami-ôshima Is., Kagoshima Pref., 12-XII-2014 (as larva on Croomia heterosepala), emerged on 29-VI-2015 (Fig. 12 L – O) .