Genus Picobia Haller

Picobia Haller, 1878: 93 . Type-species: Picobia heeri Haller, by monotypy.

biarmicus Skoracki, Bochkov and Wauthy, 2004: 165, figs. 28–36. Type material. Holotype female at AMU (S-68.1.1.), paratypes: female, males at AMU. Hosts and distribution. Panurus biarmicus (type host) ( Passeriformes: Panuridae), type-locality: POLAND, Miedzyodrze (Skoracki et al. 2004d).

Habitat. Body feathers.

brotogeris Fain, Bochkov and Mironov, 2000: 62, figs. 90–96.

Type material. Holotype female at IRSNB (29041), paratypes: females, male, larvae at IRSNB. Hosts and distribution. Brotogeris jugularis (type host) ( Psittaciformes: Psittacidae), type-locality: BRAZIL, Upper Amazonia (Fain et al. 2000).

Habitat. Unknown.

Remark: This species was considered as incertae sedis in Skoracki (2011b).

caudati Skoracki and Hebda, 2004: 2, figs. 1–9.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (SYR.111), paratypes: females at AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Aegithalos caudatus (type host) ( Passeriformes: Aegithalidae), type-locality: POLAND, Popielow near Opole (Skoracki & Hebda 2004); POLAND, Turawa lake (Skoracki & Hebda 2004). Habitat. Body feathers.

cetti Skoracki, 2011: 357, figs. 266, 267.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (SYR. 286), paratype: female at AMU. Hosts and distribution. Cettia cetti (type host) ( Passeriformes: Cettiidae), type-locality: TURKEY, Aras (Skoracki 2011b).

Habitat. Body feathers.

chloris Bochkov, Mironov and Kravtsova, 2000: 352, figs. 1–10. Type material. Holotype female at ZISP (T-Sy-14), paratypes: female, males at ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Chloris chloris (type host) ( Passeriformes: Fringillidae), type-locality: KIRGHIZIA, Bishkek (Bochkov et al. 2000).

Habitat. Body feathers.

cichladusa Skoracki, Solarczyk and Sikora, 2012: 124, figs. 1–9.

Type material. Holotype female at ZSM (ZSM 20112002), paratypes: females, males, nymphs at ZSM, AMU. Hosts and distribution. Cichladusa arquata (type host) ( Passeriformes: Muscicapidae), type-locality: TANZANIA, Soga (Skoracki et al. 2012d).

Habitat. Body feathers.

cissa Skoracki, Bochkov and Wauhty, 2004: 168, figs. 37–43.

Type material. Holotype female at IRSNB (S-69.1.1.), paratypes: females at IRSNB, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Cissa chinensis (type host) ( Passeriformes: Corvidae), type-locality: NORTH INDOCHINA (Skoracki et al. 2004d).

Habitat. Body feathers.

corcoracus Skoracki, Glowska and Sikora, 2008: 64, figs. 20–27. Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr.123).

Hosts and distribution. Corcorax melanorhamphos (type host) ( Passeriformes: Corcoracidae), type-locality: AUSTRALIA (Skoracki et al. 2008).

Habitat. Unknown.

currucae Skoracki and Magowski, 2001: 116, figs. 9–15.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (S 8-1), paratypes: females, nymphs at AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Sylvia curruca (type host) ( Passeriformes: Sylviidae), type-locality: POLAND, Kuznica- He1 (Skoracki & Magowski 2001); JORDAN, Al-Dhleil near Amman, (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b); S. hortensis (Sylviidae), JORDAN, Al-Dhleil, (AMU) (Glowska et al. 2007); S. nisoria (Sylviidae), TURKEY, Yukari Cyirikli, (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b).

Habitat. Body feathers.

dinemellia Glowska and Skoracki, 2011: 64, figs. 6–18.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females, male at AMU. Hosts and distribution. Dinemellia dinemelli (type host) ( Passeriformes: Ploceidae), type-locality: TANZANIA (Glowska & Skoracki 2011b).

Habitat. Body feathers.

dryobatis (Fritsch, 1958), Syringophilus dryobatis Fritsch, 1958: 242, fig. 10; Picobia dryobatis, Kethley 1970: 65 . Type material. Neotype female at AMU (S-65.1.1), female paraneotypes at AMU (designated in Skoracki et al. 2004).

Hosts and distribution. Dendrocopos major (type host) ( Piciformes: Picidae), type-locality: GERMANY (Fritsch 1958); POLAND, Darlowko Wschodnie, Bukowo-Kopan, (AMU, ZISP) (Skoracki et al. 2004d), SLOVAKIA, Hertnik, Stavenec, (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b), ENGLAND, Askham Bryan near York, (NHML) (Nattress & Skoracki 2009); D. minor hortorum (Picidae), SLOVAKIA, (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b); D. leucotos (Picidae), SLOVAKIA, (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b); Picoides pubescens (Picidae), USA, Texas, Johnson Co., (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2010); P. s c al a r i s ( Picidae), USA, California, Riverside Co., (AMU) (Skoracki 2010c); P. tridactylus (Picidae), SLOVAKIA, Rejdova, (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b); Dendrocopos darjellensis (Picidae), NEPAL, Ting Sang La, (AMU, ZSM) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); Dendropicos goertae (Picidae), ETHIOPIA, Cobbo, (AMU, ZSM) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); Dendropicos stierlingi (Picidae), TANZANIA, Songea, (AMU, ZSM) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); Dendropicos namaquus (Picidae), TANZANIA, Ikoma, (AMU, ZSM) (Skoracki et al., 2014e); Veniliornis cassini (Picidae), SURINAME, Zandervij, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); V. k i r k i i ( Picidae), TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, Tobago Isl., (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014e), V. sanguineus (Picidae), SURINAME, Paramaribo, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); V. maculifrons (Picidae), BRAZIL, Lyon, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); V. dignus (Picidae), ECUADOR, Rio Bonanga, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); V. passerinus (Picidae), NORTH BRAZIL, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); V. fumigatus (Picidae), VENEZUELA, Valencia, (AMU, ZSM) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); V. spilogaster (Picidae), PARAGUAY, Alto Panama, (AMU, ZSM, ZISP) (Skoracki et al. 2014e); Melanerpes erythrocephalus (Picidae), USA, Michigan, Oakland Co., received Nankin Mills Nature Center, (UMICH, AMU, ZISP) (Skoracki et al. 2014b); Melanerpes carolinus (Picidae), USA, Michigan, Livingston Co., Hartland, (UMICH, AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014b); Dryocopus pileatus (Picidae), USA, Michigan, Mackinac Co., 2 km east of Naubinway, (UMICH) (Skoracki et al. 2014b); Dendropicos fuscescens (Picidae), ZAMBIA, Mkushi, (AMU, NMK, LMEE) (Klimovičová et al. 2014b); Campethera nubica (Picidae), KENYA, Sagala Hills, (AMU, NMK, LMEE) (Klimovičová et al. 2014b), KENYA, Garissa, (AMU) (Klimovičová et al. 2014b), KENYA, Machakos, (AMU, NMK, LMEE) (Klimovičová et al. 2014b).

Habitat. Body feathers.

Remark: Specimens from Sturnus vulgaris determined as P. dryobatis (Bochkov & Mironov 1998) belong to Picobia sturni (Skoracki et al. 2004d).

dziabaszewskii Glowska, Dragun-Damian and Dabert, 2012: 59, figs. 1–7.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females at AMU.

Hosts and distribution. Garrulax formosus (type host) ( Passeriformes: Leiothrichidae), type-locality: CHINA (Glowska et al. 2012b); Turdoides jardineii (Leiothrichidae), KENYA, TANZANIA, Soysambu Conservancy, (AMU, NMK) (Klimovičová et al. 2014a); T. rubiginosa (Leiothrichidae), KENYA, Amboseli, Kimana Campsite, (AMU, NMK) (Klimovičová et al. 2014a); T. leucopygia (Leiothrichidae), ZAMBIA, Mambova and Namibia, Caprivi, (AMU) (Klimovičová et al. 2014a).

Habitat. Body feathers.

GenBank Accession no.: JQ043358, JQ043359 (COI) and JQ043352, JQ043353, JQ043354, JQ043355, JQ043356, JQ043357 (D2) for 2 specimens, voucher no. EG 552, EG 554.

echo Skoracki, Solarczyk and Sikora, 2012: 126, figs. 10–21. Type material. Holotype female at ZSM (ZSM 20112010), paratypes: females, males, nymphs, larva at ZSM, AMU.

Hosts and distribution. Cossypha heuglini (type host) ( Passeriformes: Muscicapidae), type-locality: CONGO, South Kivu Prov., Bukavu (Skoracki et al. 2012d).

Habitat. Body feathers.

eremophila Skoracki, 2011: 363, figs. 272–274.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 273), paratypes: females, male at AMU. Hosts and distribution. Eremophila bilopha (type host) ( Passeriformes: Alaudidae), type-locality: EGYPT (Skoracki 2011b).

Habitat. Body feathers.

galerida Skoracki, 2011: 367, figs. 275, 276.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (SYR. 269).

Hosts and distribution. Galerida cristata (type host) ( Passeriformes: Alaudidae), type-locality: POLAND, Zachodniopomorskie, near Swinoujscie (Skoracki 2011b).

Habitat. Body feathers.

heeri Haller, 1878: 81 .

Type material. Lost (Kethley 1970).

Hosts and distribution. Picus canus (type host) ( Piciformes: Picidae), type-locality: SWITZERLAND (Haller 1878); POLAND, Gornoslaskie, Schlesien, (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b); P. v i r i d i s ( Picidae), POLAND, Wielkopolskie, Katy, (AMU, ZISP) (Skoracki 2011b); Picus squamatus (Picidae), NEPAL, Himalaya, (AMU, ZSM, ZISP) (Skoracki et al. 2014d); Picus awokera (Picidae), JAPAN, Honshu, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014d); Picus chlorolophus (Picidae), NEPAL, Rapti zone, (AMU, ZSM) (Skoracki et al. 2014d); Picus erythropygius (Picidae), THAILAND, Bangkok, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014d); Picus puniceus (Picidae), INDONESIA, Sumatra, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014d); Picus flavinucha (Picidae), INDIA, Assam, (AMU, ZSM) (Skoracki et al. 2014d).

Habitat. Body feathers.

hylocichlae Skoracki, Spicer and OConnor, 2014: 105, figs. 2, 3.

Type material. Holotype at UMICH (BMOC 85-0329-3), paratypes at UMICH, AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Hylocichla mustelina (type host) ( Passeriformes: Turdidae), type-locality: USA, Michigan, Washtenaw Co., Webster Twp. (Skoracki et al. 2014b)

Habitat. Unknown.

illadopsae Skoracki and Hromada, 2013: 202, figs. 7–9.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 427/1–8), paratypes: female, male at AMU, IPCAS, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Illadopsis rufipennis (type host) ( Passeriformes: Pellorneidae), type locality: KENYA, Kakamega, Buyangu, Udo’s campsite (Skoracki & Hromada 2013).

Habitat. Unknown.

indonesiana Skoracki and Glowska, 2008: 281, figs. 1–13.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 217), paratypes: females, males at AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Aplonis panayensis (type host) ( Passeriformes: Sturnidae), type-locality: INDONESIA (Skoracki and Glowska 2008c).

Habitat. Body feathers.

lamprotornis Klimovičová, Skoracki, Wamiti and Hromada, 2014. Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 462), paratypes: females at AMU. Hosts and distribution. Lamprotornis superbus (type host) ( Passeriformes: Sturnidae), type locality: KENYA, Soysambu (Klimovičová et al. 2014b).

Habitat. Unknown.

lemi Skoracki, Glowska and Sikora, 2008: 60, figs. 1–12.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 212), paratypes: female, males at AMU. Hosts and distribution. Manucodia chalybatus (type host) ( Passeriformes: Paradisaeidae), type-locality: NEW GUINEA (Skoracki et al. 2008); Manucodia ater (Paradisaeidae), NEW GUINEA, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2008). Habitat. Unknown.

mentalis Skoracki and Unsoeld, 2014: 71, figs. 1–3.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females and male at AMU, ZSM.

Hosts and distribution. Picus mentalis (type host) ( Piciformes: Picidae), type locality: MALAYSIA, Malakka (Skoracki & Unsoeld 2014); Picus mentalis (Picidae), INDONESIA, Java, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2014d).

myiopagi Glowska and Milensky, 2014: 378, figs. 13–16, 20, 24.

Type material. Holotype female at USNM, paratypes: females at AMU, USNM. Hosts and distribution. Myiopagis gaimardii (type host) ( Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), type locality: GUYANA, Upper Takutu–Upper Essequibo, Upper Rewa River (Glowska & Milensky 2014); Elaenia ruficeps (Tyrannidae), GUYANA, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Paruima, 19 km N, at Mt. Holitipu, (AMU, USNM) (Glowska & Milensky 2014); Myiopagis subplacens (Tyrannidae), PERU, Tumbes, El Caucho Biological Station (AMU, USNM) (Glowska & Milensky 2014).

Habitat. Body feathers.

myrmecocichla Skoracki, Solarczyk and Sikora, 2012: 132, figs. 22–32. Type material. Holotype female at ZSM (ZSM 20112011), paratypes: females, males, nymph at ZSM, AMU. Hosts and distribution. Myrmecocichla arnotti (type host) ( Passeriformes: Muscicapidae), type-locality: TANZANIA (Skoracki et al. 2012d).

Habitat. Body feathers.

ochoi Glowska and Milensky, 2014: 374, figs. 1–4.

Type material. Holotype female at USNM, paratypes: females at AMU, USNM. Hosts and distribution. Tolmomyias sulphurescens (type host) ( Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), type locality: GUYANA, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Paruima, ca. 19 km N, at Mt. Holitipu (Glowska & Milensky 2014). Habitat. Body feathers.

oritis Skoracki, Antczak and Riegert, 2009: 133, figs. 15–25.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females at AMU, ZISP, MRAC.

Hosts and distribution. Cyanomitra oritis (type host) ( Passeriformes: Nectariniidae), type-locality: CAMEROON (Skoracki et al. 2009a); Cyanomitra olivacea (Nectariinidae), KENYA, Arabuko-Sokoke Forest, Gede, Tree House Nature Trail, (AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2011c); Cinnyris oustaleti (Nectariniidae), ANGOLA, Villa flor, (AMU, NMK) (Klimovičová et al. 2014c); Cinnyris venustus (Nectariniidae), SOMALIA, (AMU, NMK) (Klimovičová et al. 2014c); Cinnyris talatala (Nectariniidae), BOTSWANA, Bechuanaland, (AMU) (Klimovičová et al. 2014c), ZAMBIA: Mankoya, (AMU, NMK) (Klimovičová et al. 2014c); Cinnyris erythrocercus (Nectariniidae), UGANDA, Lake Bunyonyi, (AMU, NMK) (Klimovičová et al. 2014c). Habitat. Body feathers.

paludicola Skoracki and Kiljan, 2002: 2, figs. 1–10.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females, males at AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Acrocephalus paludicola (type host) ( Passeriformes: Acrocephalidae), type-locality: POLAND, Swinoujscie (Skoracki & Kiljan 2002).

Habitat. Body feathers.

passeri Skoracki and Sikora, 2014: 195, figs. 1–3.

Type material. Holotype female at ZISP (AVB-011-2908-068), paratypes: female, male at ZISP, AMU. Hosts and distribution. Passer domesticus (type host) ( Passeriformes: Passeridae), type locality: RUSSIA, Tula district, Suvorov (Skoracki & Sikora 2014).

Habitat. Body feathers.

phoeniculi Fain, Bochkov and Mironov, 2000: 69, figs. 110–117.

Type material. Holotype at MRAC (187374), paratypes: females at MRAC, ZISP, IRSNB. Hosts and distribution. Phoeniculus purpureus (type host) ( Coraciiformes: Phoeniculidae), type-locality: RWANDA (Fain et al. 2000); Upupa epops africana (Upupidae), TANZANIA, (AMU) (Skoracki & Hromada 2013).

Habitat. Body feathers.

phoenicuri Skoracki and Hromada, 2013: 208, figs. 13–15.

Type material. Holotype at AMU, paratypes at AMU (SYR. 393/1–4). Hosts and distribution. Phoenicurus moussieri (type host) ( Passeriformes: Muscicapidae), type locality: TUNISIA (Skoracki & Hromada 2013).

Habitat. Unknown.

Remark: This species was considered as incertae sedis in Skoracki 2011b.

ploceus Klimovičová, Skoracki, Wamiti and Hromada, 2014: 395, figs. 1, 2. Type material. Holotype at AMU, paratypes: females at AMU (SYR. 607). Hosts and distribution. Ploceus ocularis (type host) ( Passeriformes: Ploceidae), type locality: KENYA, Soysambu Conservancy (Klimovičová et al. 2014b).

Habitat. Unknown.

psaltriparus Skoracki, Hendricks and Spicer, 2010: 738, figs. 44–55. Type material. Holotype at NMNH, paratypes: females at NMNH, AMU. Hosts and distribution. Psaltriparus minimus (type host) ( Passeriformes: Aegithalidae), type-locality: USA, Texas, Jeff Davis Co. (Skoracki et al. 2010c).

Habitat. Unknown.

pycnonoti Glowska, Skoracki and Khourly, 2007: 64, figs. 1–7.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females at AMU. Hosts and distribution. Pycnonotus xanthopygos (type host) ( Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae), type-locality: JORDAN, Al-Dhleil (Glowska et al. 2007); Pycnonotus barbatus (Pycnonotidae), KENYA, Nyandarua (AMU) (Klimovičová et al. 2014b).

Habitat. Body feathers.

ramphastos Fain, Bochkov and Mironov, 2000: 33, figs. 97–102. Type material. Holotype female at IRSNB (29042), paratypes: females at IRSNB, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Ramphastos sulfuratus (type host) ( Piciformes: Ramphastidae), type-locality: GUATEMALA (Fain et al. 2000).

Habitat. Unknown.

riparius Skoracki, 2011: 360, figs. 268–271.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 211), paratypes: females, males at AMU.

Hosts and distribution. Riparia riparia (type host) ( Passeriformes: Hirundinidae), type-locality: POLAND, Lubuskie, Zielona Gora (Skoracki 2011b).

Habitat. Body feathers.

sayornis Glowska, 2014: 140, figs. 1–5.

Type material. Holotype female at USNM, paratypes: females at USNM, AMU. Hosts and distribution. Sayornis nigricans (type host) ( Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), type-locality: PERU, Tumbes, El Caucho Biological Station (Glowska 2014).

Habitat. Body feathers.

schmidti Glowska and Milensky, 2014: 378, figs. 9–12, 19, 23.

Type material. Holotype female at USNM, paratypes: females at AMU, USNM. Hosts and distribution. Lophotriccus pileatus (type host) ( Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), type locality: PERU, Tumbes, El Caucho Biological Station (Glowska & Milensky 2014); Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer (Tyrannidae), GUYANA, Cuyuni–Mazaruni, Paruima, ca. 19 km N, at Mt. Holitipu, (AMU, USNM) (Glowska & Milensky 2014).

Habitat. Body feathers.

sturni Skoracki, Bochkov and Wauthy, 2004: 159, figs. 8–20.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (S-66.1.1.), paratypes: females, males at AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Sturnus vulgaris (type host) ( Passeriformes: Sturnidae), type-locality: POLAND, Bukowo-Kopan (Skoracki et al. 2004d); MOLDAVIA, (ZISP) (Bochkov & Mironov 1998), SLOVAKIA, Bardejov, (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b), POLAND, Katy near Murowana Goslina (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b); S. cineraceus (Sturnidae), JAPAN, (AMU) (Skoracki 2011b).

Habitat. Body feathers.

troglodytidus Sikora and Skoracki, 2012, Sikora et al. 2012: 62, figs. 11–19. Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 351), paratypes: females at AMU, ZISP, ZSM. Hosts and distribution. Henicorhina leucophrys (type host) ( Passeriformes: Troglodytidae), type-locality: COSTA RICA, Cartago (Skoracki et al. 2012).

Habitat. Unknown.