Edwardsiana rosae (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figs 44 and 60 a–c)

Recorded damage and economic importance in the orchards of Iran: Causing various degrees of economic damage on apple, pear, almond and grapevine (Tchouvakhin 1949; Farahbakhsh 1961; Esmaili 1984; Behdad 1991; Rajabi 1991; Abaii 2000; Koliayee et al. 2012; Nourbakhsh et al. 2012).

Recorded damage in the orchards of other parts of the world: Bozbuga & Elekcioglu (2008) mentioned the species as a potential and not economic pest in olive orchards in Turkey.

Recorded distribution in Iran: North, west and centre (Mozaffarian & Wilson 2016).

Conclusion: The damage level caused by this species needs to be studied due to the variable records in Iran and other parts of the world.