Sulamicerus stali (Fieber, 1868) (Figs 39 and 55a–b)

Recorded damage and economic importance in the orchards of Iran: Previously known as a serious pest in pistachio gardens with severe economic damage, but as a secondary pest in recent years (Farahbakhsh 1961; Esmaili 1984; Behdad 1991; Kolyayee et al. 2012; Nourbakhsh et al. 2012)

Recorded damage in the orchards of other parts of the world: A pest on pistachio in Greece and Turkey which causes leaf whitening and blight of young panicles in large populations (Lodos & Kalkandelen 1982; Mourikis et al. 1998).

Recorded distribution in Iran: Southern slopes of Alborz to Persian Gulf (Mozaffarian & Wilson 2016).

Conclusion: Koliayee et al. (2012) mentioned the population size of the species, hence, its economic importance, has declined recently.