Pelmatops ichneumoneus (Westwood)

(Figs. 63–66; 67–70; 90–91, 100–101)

Achias ichneumoneus Westwood, 1850: 235 . Type-locality: India Orientalis. (ST B BMNH). Pelmatops ichneumoneus: Enderlein, 1912: 355; Hendel, 1927: 33; Zia, 1937: 113; Zia & Chen, 1954: 306; Hardy, 1977: 76; Kapoor, 1993: 90; Wang, 1996: 111; Chen et al., 2010: 4.

Description (supplement to the species description of Chen et al., 2010). Compound eye entirely smooth and rounded, without projection in female (Fig. 90), but with rounded projection in male (Fig. 91); ommatidia similar in size. Occipital protuberance flat, rectangular, not clearly delimited from occiput, setae on its posterior margin short and sparse in female (Fig. 100), but medium-sized and numerous in male (Fig. 101).

Distribution. China (Sichuan, Yunnan, Xizang, Hainan), India, Nepal, Burma (new record), Thailand (new record).

Specimens examined. BURMA: Mt Victoria, Chin Hills, 2200m, 4 June1938, G. Heinrich 1♀ (BMNH, checked by D.L. Hancock, pers. comm.). CHINA: Hainan: Jianfengling, 1400 m, D. Zhang, 6 May 2007, 1♀ (IZCAS). Sichuan: Wan Xian, 1200 m, 15 August 1993, X.L. Chen, 1♀ (IZCAS); near Cheng tu, D.C. Graham, 1♀ (USNM). Xizang: Medog, 1979 July 29, G.T. Jin and J.Y. Wu, 1♀ (IPPE); Medog, 900–1200 m, 11 April 1982, Y.H. Han, 1♀ (IZCAS). Yunnan: Honghepingbian, Dawei Mountain 1330 m, 24 May 2009, X.S. Yang, 1♀ (BAU); Xishuangbanna, 650 m, 15 May 1958, S.P. Hong, 1 ♂ (IZCAS); Xishuangbanna, Menghai, Benggang, 2013 August 29–30, Y.Wang & C. Wang, 2 ♀ (IZCAS). INDIA: Ranikhet, June 1949, I.M. Newell, 1 ♂ (BPBM); Ranikhet, June 1950, F.A. Bianchi, 1 ♂ (BPBM); near Chaubattia, 22 June 1949, F.A. Bianchi, 1♀ (BPBM); Himachal, Dokhri, 18 July 1962, 1 ♂ (BMNH, checked by D.L. Hancock, pers. comm.). NEPAL: Taplejung, Sangu, c6000’, September.1961–Janurary 1962, R.L. Coe, 1 ♂, 1♀ (BMNH, checked by D.L. Hancock, pers. comm.) THAILAND: Kamphaeng Phet Province, Bangkok, 1300m, 14 June 2012, Sorasak Nak-iam, 1♀ (photos taken by Sorasak Nak-iam sent by Erwin Beyer to first author for identification; only photos taken, fly not collected).

Biology. The flies and their collection sites were observed and photographed in Benggang, Yunnan Province, China (Figs. 63–66) by Yong Wang in summer of 2013. The collecting site had an average temperature of about 20°C during the day with very high humidity and strong fog. The collecting site had flourishing plants (Figs. 64– 66), including tall trees and shrubs covered with numerous thorny vines and a large variety of flowers and fruits. In the top of the canopy, the foliage was very dense (Fig. 65). One individual of P. ichneumoneus in this site has been collected and reared in a cage outside the collecting site for several days (Fig. 63). An adult fly was also observed and photographed in Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand (Figs. 67–70) by Sorasak Nak-iam, a PhD student in Naresuan University of Thailand, in the summer of 2012. According to his observations, the site was an evergreen forest where a fly was found on an undergrowth leaf. The fly was observed flying slowly, and it was the first time that this species was found resting on moss (Figs. 67–68).