Triphyllozoon arcuatum (MacGillivray, 1889)

(Figs. 81–83)

Retepora monilifera form arcuata MacGillivray, 1889: 29.

Triphyllozoon arcuatum: Almeida et al., 2015a: 2, figs. 2–17 (cum syn.).

Material examined. UFBA 1612, UFBA 2399, Camamu Bay, 13°53’S, 38°59’W, 18–20 m, coll. October 2012 (on sponge Tedania ignis).

Remarks. Triphyllozoon arcuatum has erect robust, thickly calcified, lace-like colonies (Fig. 81), autozooids with low peristome and peristomial avicularia, frontal avicularia either small and round and/or large and oval (Fig. 82), large columnar avicularia, and a globose ovicell with sutures varying from arcuate to trifoliate with a short distal limb (Fig. 83) (Almeida et al. 2015a). Triphyllozoon arcuatum was recently recorded in the Western Atlantic for the first time, being recognized as a non-indigenous species to the area (Almeida et al. 2015a). Specimens of T. arcuatum here examined were found associated with the rugose-textured sponges Tedania ignis (Fig. 12). Triphyllozoon species are frequently found associated with other invertebrates, including the demosponges Tedania ignis and Dysidea etheria, and the calcareous sponge Clathrina sp. in Bahia State (for more information see Almeida et al. 2015a).

Distribution. Indo-Pacific: South Australia, Northern Territory and Singapore. (Hayward 1999; Tilbrook & Gordon 2015). Atlantic: Brazil (Pernambuco and Bahia) (Almeida et al. 2015a).