Identification key for the Callianthe species from Espírito Santo state, Brazil

1. Indument cinereous; stem glabrescent; basal nerves 5–7; flower pendulous; corolla orange to red ................ Callianthe capixabae

- Indument ferruginous; stem tomentose; basal nerves 3–5; flower erect; corolla white, yellow, pink or purple...............................2.

2. Stem with or without papillaes; leaf margin serrate to double serrate; calyx indument lanuginose on the nerves and base............... ............................................................................................................................................................................... Callianthe rufivela

- Stem without papillaes; leaf margin crenate to irregularly dentate; calyx indument tomentose on the nerves and base .................3.

3. Leaf blade concolour and adaxial surface tomentose; calyx base gibbous; corolla white to yellow ................ Callianthe inaequalis

- Leaf blade discolour and adaxial surface glabrescent; calyx base tubular; corolla pink to purple ..................... Callianthe rufinerva