Psenulus carinifrons rohweri van Lith, 1962

Figs 4A-4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17A, 18A, B, 19A, B, 20A, 21A

Psenulus carinifrons rohweri van Lith 1962: 108. Holotype: ♀; Indonesia, Java, Reserve Semarang, Tjandi; RMNH.

Material examined.

China, Hong Kong • 1♂; Sha Tau Kok (Hoi Pui Leng); 22°31'48"N, 114°12'27"E; 24 May-9 Jun. 2018; C. Taylor and Cheung Shun Chi leg.; Malaise trap; HKU • 1♂; Nam Chung, 22°31'32"N, 114°12'29"E; 27 Jun.-11 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Lai Chi Wo, 22°31'38"N, 114°15'44"E; 29 Jun.-16 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 13♀; So Lo Pun, 22°32'16"N, 114°15'22"E; 29 Jun.-16 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♂; So Lo Pun; 22°32'15"N, 114°15'22"E; 16-27 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Sam A Tsuen; 22°30'54"N, 114°16'15"E; 17-30 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Sam A Tsuen; 22°30'54"N, 114°16'15"E; 30 May-13 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Sam A Chung; 22°30'30"N, 114°16'21"E; 30 May-13 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Tsim Bei Tsui, Sha Kiu Tsuen; 22°29'23"N, 113°59'59"E; 14-28 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Tsim Bei Tsui, Sha Kiu Tsuen; 22°29'21"N, 113°59'55"E; 14-28 May 2018; ibid. • 2♀; Tsim Bei Tsui, Sha Kiu Tsuen; 22°29'22"N, 113°59'57"E; 28 May-11 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 3♂ 2♀; Tsim Bei Tsui, Sha Kiu Tsuen; 22°29'21"N, 113°59'54"E; 28 May-11 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Sheung Pak Nai; 22°27'09"N 113°57'47"E; 14-28 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂ 2♀; Sheung Pak Nai; 22°27'07"N, 113°57'45"E; 14-28 May 18; ibid • 1♀, Sheung Pak Nai; 22°27'08"N, 113°57'47"E; 28 May-11 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Sheung Pak Nai; 22°27'05"N, 113°57'44"E; 28 May-11 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Ha Pak Nai, near Western New Territories Landfill, 22°25'30"N, 113°56'22"E; 7-21 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂ 5♀; Ha Pak Nai,near Western New Territories Landfill; 22°25'31"N 113°56'21"E; 7-21 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂ 1♀; Ha Pak Nai, near Western New Territories Landfill; 22°25'31"N, 113°56'20"E; 21 May-5 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 2♀; Ha Pak Nai, near Western New Territories Landfill; 22°25'30"N, 113°56'21"E; 21 May-5 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀, Tung Chung; 22°16'52"N, 113°55'40"E; 15-29 May 2018; ibid. • 10♂ 35♀; Tung Chung; 22°16'55"N, 113°55'43"E; 29 May-12 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 2♀; Hang Mei; 22°15'07"N, 113°52'06"E; 23 May-6 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 2♂ 4♀; Tai O; 22°15'27"N 113°51'49"E; 9-23 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂ 1♀; Tai Tam; 22°14'45"N, 114°13'23"E; 28 Jun.-12 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Ho Chung; 22°21'12"N, 114°15'09"E; 26 Jun.-10 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Ho Chung; 22°21'16"N, 114°15'09"E; 26 Jun.-10 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Ho Chung; 22°21'13"N, 114°15'07"E; 10-24 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Sai Keng; 22°25'06"N, 114°16'11"E; 26 Jun.-10 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 4♂ 1♀; Sai Keng; 22°25'12"N, 114°16'06"E; 26 Jun.-10 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 11♂, New Territories; May-July 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Mai Po Nature Reserve; 22°29'11"N, 114°02'14"E; 1 m a.s.l.; 29 Mar.-12 Apr. 2014; C. Barthélémy leg.; Malaise trap, ref.: MPNRM003GHy4; CBC • 1♀; ibid.; 10-24 May 2014; ibid.; ref.: MPNRM010GHy6; CBC • 1♀; ibid.; 24 May-07 Jun. 2014; ibid.; ref.: MPNRM012GHy7; CBC • 1♀; ibid.; 25 Oct.-01 Nov. 2016; WWF Hong Kong leg.; Malaise trap, ref.: WWF-M00GHy3; CBC • 1♀; Mai Po Nature Reserve; 22°29'23"N, 114°01'53"E; 1 m a.s.l.; 05-19 Jul. 2014; C. Barthélémy leg.; Malaise trap, ref.: MPNRM017GHy11; CBC .

Standard ratios.

Males (n = 10): L = 4-4.9 mm (mean = 4.53 mm); CR = 1.16-1.23 (mean = 1.21); OOR = 0.76-0.88 (mean = 0.83; FLR = 1.05-1.12 (mean = 1.08); FRR = 0.64-0.72 (mean = 0.67); MR = 1.1-1.55 (mean = 1.51); OMR = 0.83-0.94 (mean = 0.89); PR = 0.65-0.94 (mean = 0.83); PFR = 1.24-1.48 (mean = 1.35). Females (n = 10): L = 4.00-5.7 mm (mean = 4.81 mm); CR = 1.2-1.32 (mean = 1.23); OOR = 0.7-0.88 (mean = 0.83); FLR = 1.4-1.6 (mean = 1.51); FRR = 0.62-0.74 (mean = 0.67); MR = 1.12-1.56 (mean = 1.37); OMR = 0.84-0.92 (mean = 0.88); PR = 0.92-1.43 (mean = 1.10); PFR = 1.13-1.3 (mean = 1.23).

Description.

Male: Antenna without tyloids. Clypeus (Fig. 21A) with median section of anterior margin protruding, medially straight. Subantennal carina well developed; interantennal carina narrow, not broadened dorsally. Mesosoma mostly polished, mesoscutum moderately punctate with punctures mostly separated by at least their own diameter, punctures more closely spaced medially (Fig. 11A); prescutal sutures short, extending to level of anterior margin of tegula; episternal sulcus broadly foveolate (Fig. 13A); propodeal enclosure with several pairs of longitudinal carinae (Fig. 15A); propodeum laterally and posteriorly coarsely reticulate. Petiole subcylindrical; T1 relatively low (Fig. 5A). Fore wing (Fig. 19B) with first recurrent vein interstitial with first and second submarginal cells, second recurrent vein interstitial with second and third submarginal cells.

Head black with appressed silvery pubescence (Figs 7A, 9A); antenna with scape yellow, remainder of antenna black except yellowish on venter of pedicel and very base of flagellum; mandible yellow with black tip. Mesosoma black with tegula yellowish brown (Fig. 11A), following yellow: pronotal collar, pronotal lobe, scutellum except scutellar groove, metanotum. Fore and mid legs with coxae black, remainder yellow except ends of tarsi brownish; hind leg black except basal half to two-thirds of tibia white, tarsus brown. Metasoma black except T7 brown.

Female: Clypeus (Fig. 21A) with median section of anterior margin protruding, medially straight. Subantennal carina absent (Fig. 6A). Mesosoma mostly polished, mesoscutum moderately punctate with punctures mostly separated by at least their own diameter, punctures more closely spaced medially (Fig. 11A); prescutal sutures short, extending to level of anterior margin of tegula; episternal sulcus broadly foveolate (Fig. 13A); propodeal enclosure with several pairs of longitudinal carinae (Fig. 15A); propodeum laterally and posteriorly coarsely reticulate. Petiole subcylindrical; T1 relatively low (Fig. 5A). Fore wing (Fig. 19B) with first recurrent vein interstitial with first and second submarginal cells, second recurrent vein interstitial with second and third submarginal cells.

Head black with appressed silvery pubescence (Figs 7A, 9A); antenna with scape yellow, remainder of antenna black except yellowish on venter of pedicel and very base of flagellum; mandible yellow with black tip. Mesosoma black with tegula yellowish brown (Fig. 11A), following yellow: pronotal collar, pronotal lobe, scutellum except scutellar groove, metanotum. Fore and mid legs with coxae black, remainder yellow except ends of tarsi brownish; hind leg black except basal half to two-thirds of tibia white, tarsus brown. Metasoma black with T2 and S2 black or with more or less well demarcated, large, lateral red spots.

Distribution.

China (*Hong Kong, Taiwan); Singapore; Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sumba, Pulau Buru, Kangean Islands, East Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sabah), Philippines (Luzon). (van Lith 1962, 1969, 1976).

Notes.

Psenulus carinifrons rohweri is readily distinguished from others Psenulus in the Hong Kong SAR by its mostly black coloration. The Hong Kong specimens are here assigned to P. carinifrons rohweri which they resemble in sculpture of the propodeum and mesoscutum, as well as the entirely yellow fore and mid trochanters and femora (van Lith 1969). However, they do differ from previous descriptions of this subspecies in the occasional presence of a pair of large red spots on the T2 of the female, a character that appears variable in the Hong Kong population.

Psenulus carinifrons has an extensive distribution extending between India, Japan and north-eastern Australia (van Lith 1962, 1969).

It may be notable that this species has to date only been collected in the Hong Kong SAR among mangroves; apart from one single “older” (2006) record in a terrestrial habitat at Ping Shan Chai. Unfortunately, there appears to be no record of its habitat preferences in other parts of its range, although all records attributed to van Lith are from littoral localities; save for one in Bogor, which are commonly colonised by mangroves in Southeast Asia. It has a long activity period spanning from March (W13) to end of November (W47).