13. Strobilanthes graminea J. B. Imlay, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939 (3): 116. 1939.

Fig. 11 A

Gutzlaffia graminea (J. B. Imlay) Bremek., Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2. 41 (1): 155. 1944.

Type.

Thailand, Tak, Khao [Kao] Hua Mod, 12 June 1922, Kerr 6118 (holotype BM [BM 001046226!]; isotype BK [257641!]).

Distribution.

Endemic to Thailand.

Ecology.

In open limestone hill; 300–933 m alt., flowering and fruiting from May to August.

Selected specimens examined.

Thailand, Northern: Tak, Umphang, Doi Hua Mod [Kao Hua Mod], 12 June 1922, Kerr 6118 (BK, BM); ibid., 800 m alt., 1 May 2006, Watthana 1970 (CMUB); ibid., 900 m alt., 27 May 2008, Pooma et al. 6995 (BKF); ibid., 800 m alt., 2 May 20011, Watthana 3805 (QBG); ibid., 933 m alt., 18 July 2015, Phaosrichai 205 (QBG); Kamphaeng Phet, Mae Wong NP, 11 July 1999, Chayamarit et al. 1795 (BKF); South-western: Kanchanaburi, Sangkhla Buri, Nong Lu, Ban Dan Chedi, Khao Condo, 358 m alt., 25 Aug 2010, Chamchumroon et al. 4812 (BKF); ibid., Thong Pha Phum, along route 323, 4 km NW from Thong Pha Phum, 240 m alt., 29 Nov 1982, Koyama et al. 30473 (BKF, KYO); ibid., 25 Jan 1983, Koyama et al. 32887 (BKF, KYO- 2 sheets).

Preliminary conservation status assessment.

This species has an Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of 3,865.766 km 2 and an Area of Occupancy (AOO) of 16.000 km 2 and is assessed as Endangered (EN), B 1 a, b (i, ii, iii) following IUCN (2022). This species grows on open limestone hills and is only recorded from a few records. The changes of the habitat through increasing droughts and fires are likely to lead to decline of S. graminea .

Notes.

Strobilanthes graminea resembles S. aprica (Hance) T. Anderson and S. hypomalla Benoist in having two exserted stamens, but the fruit of S. graminea has 8 seeds whereas there are 4 seeds in S. aprica and S. hypomalla .