KEY TO THE BRAZILIAN SPECIES OF PTILONEURA ENDERLEIN, 1901 (MALES)

1. Central sclerite of the hypandrium with one posterior projection (Fig. 1E) ............................. P. castroi n. sp.

— Central sclerite of the hypandrium with two posterior projections .............................................................. 2

2. Posterior projections of the hypandrium short, straight and acuminate distally resulting in a “V”-shaped posterior margin (see fig. 7 in Silva-Neto et al. 2021) ......... P. baiana (Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael, 2018) .

— Posterior projections of the hypandrium elongate, curved outward and acuminate distally resulting in a “U”- shaped posterior margin (Fig. 2G) ....................................................................................... P. leonardoi n. sp.