Ceradocus rubromaculatus (Stimpson, 1856)

(Figs 10, 11)

Gammarus rubromaculatus Stimpson, 1856: 394 .

Maera rubromaculata .— Haswell, 1879a: 267, pl. 10, fig. 4.— Haswell, 1882: 254.— Haswell, 1885: 11, pl. 15, figs 5–12 (in part).

Ceradocus rubromaculatus .— Della Valle, 1893: 720 (in part).— Stebbing, 1906: 430 (in part).—S tebbing, 1910a: 598.— Chilton, 1916b: 369.— Schellenberg, 1938: 63.— Ledoyer, 1968: 273, pl. 14.— J.L. Barnard, 1972a: 220, fig. 129.— Barnard & Barnard, 1983: 616.— Myers, 1985: 101, figs 79–80.— Lowry & Stoddart, 2003: 176 (catalogue).—Krapp- Schickel & Vader, 2009: 2061 –2065, (key).

Ceradocus (Denticeradocus) rubromaculatus .— Sheard 1939: 280, fig. 2.

? Ceradocus rubromaculatus .— K.H. Barnard, 1931: 124.—Krapp-Schickel, 2009: 607, figs 7–8.

not Moera rubromaculata .— Haswell, 1885: 105, pl. 15, figs 5–12 (in part, part = C. ramsayi).

not Maera rubromaculatus .— Stebbing, 1888: 1008, pls 95–96 (in part = C. ramsayi (Haswell, 1879a), pl. 95a, 96b; part = C. capensis Sheard, 1939, pl. 95e).

not Ceradocus rubromaculatus .— Chevreux, 1908: 479, fig. 6 (= C. chevreuxi Sheard, 1939).— Stebbing, 1908: 81 (= C. capensis Sheard, 1939).— Stebbing, 1910b: 456 (= C. capensis Sheard, 1939).— Chilton, 1921: 71, figs 9a–c (= Ceradocus circe Lowry & Springthorpe, 2005).— Tattersall, 1922: 6, pl. 1, figs 15–16.— Schellenberg, 1925: 154 (? = C. capensis Sheard, 1939).— Hale, 1929: 213, figs 210–211 (fig. 210 = C. ramsayi (Haswell, 1879a; fig. 211 = Ceradocus sp. reported as C. rubromaculatus by Chilton, 1921).— K.H. Barnard, 1937; 160, fig. 9.— Monod, 1937: 10, figs 6b–g.— Schellenberg, 1938: 97 (table) (? = C. chevreuxi Sheard, 1939).— Lyons & Myers, 1993: 577, figs 2–3.— Ren, 1998: 195, figs 1–2.— Ren, 2012: 188, 190, fig 81.

Material examined. Norfolk Island: 1 male specimen, 6.0 mm, dissected 4 slides, AM P.92253, Fig Valley Reef (29°03′20″S 167°55′44″E), 18.5 m, coral rubble with algal tufts and sediment, 19 May 2008, coll. R.T. Springthorpe (MI NFK 67) ; 2 specimens, AM P.81526, Fig Valley Reef (29°03′20″S 167°55′44″E), 18.5 m, coral rubble with algal tufts and sediment, 19 May 2008, coll. R.T. Springthorpe (MI NFK 67).

New South Wales: 7 specimens, AM P.77119, Merimbula (36°53′S 149°52′E), 15 m, rock bottom, 7 June 1981, coll. L. Vail and V. Harriott (Me-1) ; 1 specimen, AM P.77105, sewage pipeline, Nelson Bay, Port Stephens (32°43′11″S 152°08′28″E), 8 m, sponges and rubble, 15 March 2006, coll. C. Arango (NSW 3053) ; many specimens, AM P.77094, sewage pipeline, Nelson Bay, Port Stephens (32°43′11″S 152°08′28″E), 10.9 m, bottom growth, 15 March 2006, coll. K.B. Attwood (NSW 3038) ; 2 specimens, AM P.77100, sewage pipeline, Nelson Bay, Port Stephens (32°43′11″S 152°08′28″E), 10 m, hydroids on rubble, 15 March 2006, coll. K.B. Attwood (NSW 3052) ; 13 specimens, AM P.77096, sewage pipeline, Nelson Bay, Port Stephens (32°43′11″S 152°08′28″E), 10 m, mass of intertwined dead algae, 15 March 2006, coll. C. Fraser (NSW 3042) ; 1 specimen, AM P.77099, sewage pipeline, Nelson Bay, Port Stephens (32°43′11″S 152°08′28″E), 8 m, mixed algae, sponges, ascidians, 15 March 2006, coll. C. Arango (NSW 3049) ; 15 specimens, AM P.77064, south west side of Cabbage Tree Island, north east of Port Stephens (32°41′24″S 152°13′20″E), 13.9 m, rocks, 9 March 2006, coll. R.T. Springthorpe (NSW 2889) ; 12 specimens, AM P.77068, south west side of Cabbage Tree Island, north east of Port Stephens, 32°41′24″S 152°13′20″E, 10.5 m, dead coral rubble, 9 March 2006, coll. K.B. Attwood (NSW 2901) ; 1 specimen, AM P.18331, Bottle and Glass Rocks, Port Jackson (33°50′54″S 151°16′12″E), depth unknown, 28 July 1923, coll. A.A. Livingstone ; 1 male specimen, AM P.83430, ' The Humps', north east of Bass Point, Kiama (34°35′34″S 150°54′22″E), 23.5 m, dead Bryozoa cf Steginoporella sp. with Acabaria sp., 3 May 2010, hand collected on SCUBA, coll. R.T. Springthorpe (MI NSW 3930) .

Victoria: 2 specimens, AM P.97864, Richetts’ Point, Port Philip Bay (37°58′S 144°54′E), 2 m, rock shelf, 21 June 1979, coll. N. Coleman ; 1 specimen, AM P.97865, Fossil Beach, Mornington (38°15′S 145°02′E), 1.5 m, under stones, 4 November 1979, coll. N. Coleman .

Tasmania: 1 specimen, AM P.83555, Quarry Lagoon, Currie, King Island, Bass Strait (39°56′00″S 143°51′00″E), depth unknown, 1 December 1977, coll. C. Short ; 1 specimen, AM P.83554, Quarry Lagoon, Currie, King Island, Bass Strait (39°56′00″S 143°51′00″E), rockpool at low tide, 4 December 1977, coll. C. Short ; 6 specimens, AM P.83552, Cemetery Bluff, Adventure Bay, Bruny Island (43°20′S 147°19′30″E), 15 m, macroalga Ecklonia sp. holdfasts, 23 April 1991, coll. R.T. Springthorpe and P.M. Berents (Tas 252) ; 1 specimen, AM P. 83553, 100 m north of Fleurieu Point, Freycinet Peninsula (42°10′S 148°15′E) , 9 m, green alga Codium sp., 30 April 1991, coll. S.J. Keable and R.T. Springthorpe (Tas 323); 1 specimen, AM P.18324, off Gordon, D ′ Entrecasteaux Channel (43°15′39″S 147°15′36) depth unknown, 22 May 1938, coll. CSIRO Fisheries.

South Australia: 3 specimens, AM P.83463, Hanson Bay, Kangaroo Island (36°02′S 136°51′E), rock pools at low tide, 6 March 1978, coll. K. Handley ; no specimen count, AM P.83461, south side of Kangaroo Island, Hanson Bay (36°02′S 136°51′E), depth unknown, algal holdfasts on reef, 4 March 1979, coll. P.A. Hutchings ; 1 specimen, AM P.83462, Western River Cove, Kangaroo Island (35°40′S 136°58′E), depth unknown, 3 March 1978, coll. K. Handley; 9 specimens, SAMA C6433, Reflector #2, 20 km due west of Outer Harbour, Gulf of St Vincent (34°46′47″S 138°28′50″E), 23–25 m, 17 April 1975, coll. J McPhalain ; 2 specimens, SAMA C6600, Second Valley, Fleurieu Penninsula (35°30`35″S 138°12`54″E), 6 m, kelp dominated habitat, February 2002, coll. A. Hirst (SARDI Encounter 2002 Expedition) ; 2 specimens, SAMA C6434, Monument Hill—East, Upper Spencer Gulf (32°49′59″S 137°49′00″E), unknown depth, Smith McIntyre grab, August 1986, coll. E. Oks ; 2 specimens, SAMA C6435, Edithburgh Jetty, Yorke Penninsula (35°06′05″S 137°43′59″E), depth unknown, ascidian, 21 April 1992, coll. K. Gowlett-Holmes ; 5 specimens, NMV J56969, Tiparra Reef, Tiparra Bay (34°04′00″S 137°23′00″E), 5 m, 15 March1985 (SA 16) ; 1 specimen, NMV J56975, ″ The Hotspot ″ reef, 5 nautical miles west of Flinders Island (33°40′48″S 134°22′30″E), 21 m, 20 April 1985 (SA 72).

Western Australia: many specimens, AM P.79471, Bramble Point, Princess Royal Harbour, Albany (35°02′S 117°55′E), 1.5 m, seagrass Posidonia simulosa, January 1988, coll. P.A. Hutchings et al. (site 10); many specimens, AM P.79475, Bramble Point, Princess Royal Harbour, Albany (35°02′S 117°55′E), 1.5 m, seagrass Posidonia australis, January 1988, coll. P.A. Hutchings et al. (site 4) ; 3 specimens, AM P.79474, Bramble Point, Princess Royal Harbour, Albany (35°03′S 117°53′E), 1.4 m, seagrass Posidonia australis, January 1988, coll. P.A. Hutchings (site 5) ; 2 specimens, AM P.79470, Bramble Point, Princess Royal Harbour, Albany (35°03′S 117°53′E), depth unknown, seagrass Posidonia australis, 15 January 1988, coll. P.A. Hutchings, D. Walker and F.E. Wells ; 1 specimen, AM P.79473, the jetty at Quaranup, Princess Royal Harbour, Albany (35°04′S 117°53′E), 3 m, seagrass beds Posidonia sinuosa, January 1988, coll. P.A. Hutchings (site 6) ; 4 specimens, AM P.79368, off end of South Mole, Arthur Head, Fremantle (32°03′S 115°44′E), 6 m, sponges, 25 December 1983, coll. J.K. Lowry (WA 276) ; 11 specimens, AM P.79381, off end of South Mole, Arthur Head, Fremantle (32°03′S 115°44′E), 6 m, sponge, detritus, epizoic green alga Caulerpa sp., 25 December 1983, coll. J.K. Lowry (WA 287); many specimens, AM P.79309, off end of South Mole, Arthur Head, Fremantle (32°03′S 115°44′E), 6 m, spirorbid worm tubes, 25 December 1983, coll. J.K. Lowry (WA 283) ; 1 specimen, AM P.79355, 1 km west of Red Bluff, Kalbarri (27°42′S 114°09′E), 18 m, macrolaga Ecklonia sp. holdfasts, 9 January 1984, coll. J.K. Lowry (WA 454) ; 6 specimens, AM P.79411, 1 km west of Red Bluff, Kalbarri (27°42′S 114°09′E), 18 m, macroalga Ecklonia sp. holdfasts, 9 January 1984, coll. R.T. Springthorpe (WA 453) ; 1 specimen, AM P.79387, off Possession Point, King George Sound (35°03′S 117°58′E), 7 m, purple finger sponges, 14 December 1983, coll. R.T. Springthorpe (WA 137) ; 2 specimens, AM P.79315, near Mistaken Island, Vancouver Peninsula, King George Sound (35°04′S 117°56′E), 2 m, soft corals, 13 December 1983, coll. J.K. Lowry (WA 105) ; 11 specimens, AM P.79416, near Mistaken Island, Vancouver Peninsula, King George Sound (35°04′S 117°56′E), 6 m, seagrass, 13 December 1983, coll. R.T. Springthorpe (WA 121); many specimens, AM P.79476, Bramble Point, Princess Royal Harbour, Albany (35°03′S 117°53′E), depth unknown, seagrass Posidonia australis, 15 January 1988, coll. P.A. Hutchings, D. Walker and F.E. Wells ; 1 specimen, AM P.79330, rocks near Migo Island, Port Harding, Torbay Bay (35°04′S 117°39′E), 6–7 m, molluscs on rocks, 15 December 1983, coll. J.K. Lowry (WA 141) ; 1 specimen, AM P.79469, Noon Reef, Second Sister, Abrolhos Islands (28°29′24″S 113°40′54″E), 21 m, dead coral substrate, just above sandy bottom, 27 May 1992, coll. P.A. Hutchings (WA 508) ; 1 female specimen, WAM C45863, Cassini Island, The Kimberley (13°57′23″S 125°38′19″E), depth, 14 October 2010, coll. Skipton Woolley, Woodside Kimberley Survey 2010 (28/ K10-Adhoc) ; 1 specimen, dissected, AM P.83816, Jackson Island, Cape Leveque (16°25′05″S 123°06′03″E), 7.4 m, rubble, 27 May 2010, coll. L.E. Hughes (MI WA 1150); 2 specimens, AM P. 97866, east side of West Lewis Island, Dampier Archipelago (20°34.655′S 116°39.721′E), 5 m, from under rocks, collected by hand on SCUBA, 4 September 1999, coll. R.A. Peart (WA 709) ; 5 specimens, AM P. 97867, north-western end of West Lewis Island, Dampier Archipelago (20°32.894′S 116°39.513′E), intertidal, under rocks and scrapings, 4 September 1999, coll. R. A. Peart (WA 706) ; 10 specimens, AM P. 97868, south side of East Lewis Island, Dampier Archipelago (20°37.474′S 116°38.288′E), intertidal, from under rocks, 5 September 1999, coll. R. A. Peart (WA 710) ; 3 specimens, AM P. 97869, south side of Enderby Island, Dampier Archipelago (20°37.096′S 116°26.728′E), intertidal, from under rocks, 6 September 1999, coll. R. A. Peart (WA 713) ; 2 specimens, AM P. 97870, western side of Malus Island, Dampier Archipelago (20°30.612′S 116°38.918′E), 2.3 m, mixed algae on sand, collected by hand on SCUBA, 27 August 1999, coll. R.A. Peart (WA 672) ; 1 specimen, AM P. 97871, Georgeff Reef, Dampier Archipelago (20°29.243′S 116°36.974′E), intertidal, collected by hand, 28 August 1999, coll. R. A. Peart (WA 678) ; 1 specimen, AM P.97872, western side of Rosemary Island, Dampier Archipelago (20°29.590′S 116°34.446′E), no depth, coral rubble, collected by hand on SCUBA, 29 August 1999, coll. R. A. Peart (WA 682) ; 2 specimens, AM P.97873, Tish Point, Rosemary Island, Dampier Archipelago (20°29′40″S 116°35′54″E), under intertidal rocks, 30 August 1999, coll. R.A. Peart (WA 681).

Northern Territory . 1 male, dissected, 3 slides, NTM Cr 015897, Northern reef of Field Island, Kakadu National Park (12°03′25″S 132°24′33″E), 19 August 2004 ; 1 female specimen, NTM Cr 011725, 2 nautical miles north of Bass Reef, Grose Islands, Beagle Gulf (12°31′01″S 130°20′02″E), 15 m, gravel sponge bed, 5 October 1993, coll. R.S. Williams, Beagle Gulf Marine Park Survey, FV Kunmunyah ; 1 male specimen, dissected, 3 slides, AM P.92242, south end of McCluer Island (11°06′S 133°00′E), 8 m, coral rubble, 17 October 1982, coll. G.C.B. Poore (NT 55); 4 specimens, AM P.78239, south end of McCluer Island (11°06′S 133°00′E), 8 m, coral rubble, 17 October 1982, coll. G.C.B. Poore (NT 55).

Norfolk Island: 1 male specimen, 6 mm, dissected 4 slides, AM P.81526, Fig Valley Reef, (29°03′20″S 167°55′44″E), 18.5 m, coral rubble with algal tufts and sediment, 19 May 2008, coll. R.T. Springthorpe (MI NFK 67) ; 2 specimens, AM P.81526, Fig Valley Reef (29°03′20″S 167°55′44″E), 18.5 m, coral rubble with algal tufts and sediment, 19 May 2008 coll. R.T. Springthorpe (MI NFK 67).

Type locality. Port Jackson, New South Wales (33º51′S 151°16′E).

Distribution. Norfolk Island (current study). Australia. New South Wales: Norah Head; Newcastle; Port Stephens; Port Jackson; Port Kembla; Kiama; Merimbula; Eden, Ulladulla; Twofold Bay (Haswell 1879a; Sheard 1939; current study). Victoria: Port Phillip Bay; Mornington (J.L. Barnard 1972a; current study). South Australia: Gulf of St Vincent (Sheard 1939). Tasmania: King Island; Bruny Island; Freycinet Peninsula (current study). Western Australia: Favourite Islands, Cottesloe, Fremantle, Albany, Garden Island, Cockburn Sound, King George Sound; Albrolhos Islands; East Lewis Island, West Lewis Island, Enderby Island, Malus Island, Georgeff Reef, Rosemary Island, Dampier Archipelago; Hearson Cove, Burrup Peninsula (J.L. Barnard 1972a; current study). Northern Territory. Kakadu National Park, Beagle Gulf (current study). Madagascar (Ledoyer 1968).