Nihonia australis (Gmelin, 1791) (Figure 14)

Murex australis Gmelin, 1791: 3542 .

Pleurotoma australis (Gmelin, 1791) . Kiener, 1839-40: 6, pl. 4, fig. 1; Reeve, 1843: pl. 2, fig. 14. Surcula australis (Gmelin, 1791) . Tryon, 1884: 236, pl. 5, fig. 58.

Turricula australis (Gmelin, 1791) . Yen, 1942: 238.

Nihonia australis (Gmelin, 1791) . Powell, 1969: 331, pl. 192, figs. 16, 17, pl. 254, figs. 1, 2.

Material examined. SCS. (1). 2 spms, CN 58M-327, Xincun (Hainan Province), intertidal zone, 16 April 1958; (2). 1 spm, CN 54-556, Guangdong, intertidal zone, 4 May 1954; (3). 1 spm, CN 58-M0293, Yulin Port (Hainan Province), intertidal zone, 10 April 1958; (4). 1 spms, CN 56-504, Zhapo (Guangdong Province), intertidal zone, 9 April 1956; (5). 7 spms, CN 58-M0284, Sanya (Hainan Province), intertidal zone, 2 April 1958; (6). 1 spm, 18°30'N, 111°30'E, 182 m, coll. Xiutong MA, 11 April 1959; (7). 1 spm, 18°45'N, 110°00'E, 122.5 m, clay, 22 April 1959; (8). 1 spm, CN K240B-61, 18 °00'N, 108°00'E, 90.8 m, muddy sand, AT, 12 July 1960; (9). 1 spm, CN N217B-37, 17 °45'N, 108°30'E, 84 m, muddy sand, AT, 15 May 1960; (10). 1 spm, CN K99B-45, 19 °30'N, 112°30'E, 158 m, fine sand, AT, 22 October 1959; (11). 1 spm, 21°15'N, 110°30'E, silt, 29 m, coll. Xiutong MA, 29 January 1959; (12). 7 spms, CN 58-0327, Xincun (Hainan Province), intertidal zone, 16 April 1958; (13). 2 spms, CN 24-54, 21 °00'N, 114°30'E, 85 m, AT, coll. Guangyu LIN; (14). 2 spms, CN 54-429, Shanwei (Guangdong Province), intertidal zone, 13 April 1954; (15). 2 spms, CN 55-410, Qinglan (Hainan Province), intertidal zone, 30 March 1955; (16). 2 spms, CN 58M-794, Xincun (Hainan Province), intertidal zone, 16 April 1958; (17). 1 spm, CN 22-26, 21 °30'N, 114°30'E, 74 m, AT, coll. Weiquan ZHANG, 20 March 1959; (18). 1 spm, CN 18°30'N, 111°30'E, 182 m, 11 April 1958; (19). 2 spms, CN 55-561, Sanya (Hainan Province), intertidal zone, 16 April 1955; (20). 1 spm, CN 54-715, Zhapo (Guangdong Province), intertidal zone, 19 April 1954; (21). 1 spm, 18°45'N, 111°00'E, silt, 122.5 m, coll. Xiutong MA, 22 April 1959.

Measurements (mm)

Distribution. Only recorded from SCS up to now.

Remarks. As a well-known turrid species, this species was once credited to Roissy, 1805 (Kiener 1839- 40; Tryon 1884; Powell, 1969). Tucker (2004) revised it. This species was only found in the South China Sea so far. Powell (1969) suspected the Nagasaki (Japan) record to be incorrect since there are no authentic Japanese records of this species in the literature.