Alouatta palliata (Gray, 1849)

Fig. 2 D Mantled howler

Material examined.

Costa Rica • Puntarenas Province, Karen Mogensen Wildlife Refuge; 09°52'10"N, 085°03'20"W; 294 m alt.; 15.01.2018; direct observation .

Identification.

Medium-sized primate with dark fur and a brown to orange mantle on sides and rump, particularly marked in males. Face is black. Males show particularly visible white testicles. Frequently recorded thanks to its call, resembling a powerful roar in males (Wainwright 2007; Reid and Gόmez Zamora 2022). In line with the other monkey that occurs in the Wildlife Refuge ( C. imitator, see above) A. palliata is relatively common and widespread in the study area and in several areas of Costa Rica, but is considered globally vulnerable (Beal et al. 2020; IUCN 2025).