Solariola calida Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.

(Figs 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 45e, 66, 66 ’, 109, 152, 195) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 70823592-446C-4525-8019-5A74FAF17824

Type locality. Calabria, Catanzaro, Terme di Caronte, 320m (Fig. 246).

Diagnosis. A small size Solariola (TL: 2.3 0–2.80 mm; BL: 1.95–2.25 mm) belonging to the gestroi group with more robust body shape. Within the species group, it is recognisable by red-brownish cuticle, elytra sub-parallel to sides and sub-flat on disc, with deep punctures and interstriae very convex. Rostrum quite short (RL: 0.40–0.45 mm, RW: 0.30– 0.27 mm, RL/RW: 1.48–1.50). Mesorostrum carinae sub-parallel to sides. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00–2.00). Submentum with some pappolepida, whitish-yellowish and short. Antennae with scape and funicle quite long and thin (SL: 0.45–0.50 mm, FL: 0.65–0.75 mm, SL/FL: 0.69–0.80). Pronotum sub-square or longer than wide (PL: 0.55–0.60 mm, PW: 0.50–0.60 mm, PL/PW: 1.00–1.10) without echinopappolepida at base. Slightly elongate elytra, dorsally sub-flat (EL: 1.40–1.60 mm, EW: 0.75–0.85 mm, EL/EW: 1.87–1.88) with elytral setae short and recumbent.

Type series. Holotype male with following labels: ♂ [w, p] / Italy, Calabria, Catanzaro, Terme di Caronte 3, 320m, vaglio Quercus ilex, Smilax & Heder a [w, p] / 38°59’07’’N 16°15’32’’E, 1.V. 2018 Baviera & Rando, Bellò & Chemello [w, p] / Collezione Cesare Bellò, Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] / Solariola calida Holotype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] (CBE).

Paratypes. Seven specimens (1 male and 6 females) with following labels: Italy, Calabria, Catanzaro, Terme di Caronte 3, 320m, vaglio Quercus ilex, Smilax & Hedera [w, p] / 38°59’07’’N 16°15’32’’E, 1.V.2018 Baviera & Rando, Bellò & Chemello [w, p] / collezione Cesare Bellò, Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] / Solariola calida paratype det Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] (CBA, CBE) .

Holotype description. Male. See Figs 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e. Slightly oval-elongate body (T L: 2.80 mm, BL: 2.25 mm). Red-brownish cuticle.

Rostrum short (RL: 0.45 mm, RW: 0.30 mm, RL/RW: 1.50), conical to sides with pterygium expanded. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae sub-parallel to sides. Submentum with some pappolepida, whitish-yellowish and short not visible around mesorostrum. Interocular pit not visible. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00). Vestigial eyes little convex and just visible.

Antennae with scape and funicle quite long and thin (SL: 0.50 mm, FL: 0.75 mm, SL/FL: 0.67); AS ratio: 6.5.3.4.4.3.3.11. Scape clubbed, slightly more robust than funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle segments with elongate and thin setae. Club three-segmented, fusiform, in length twice the width, densely covered by thin setae.

Pronotum sub-square (PL: 0.60 mm, PW: 0.60 mm, PL/PW: 1.00), wider in the middle and without echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible.

Elytra oval-elongate and sub-parallel to sides, dorsally sub–flattened (EL: 1.60 mm, EW: 0.85 mm, EL/EW: 1.88), wider at middle with convex suture. Humeri long rounded. Striae with 12–13 well defined punctures, catenulate, deep. Interstriae very convex, with thin and short setae recumbent. Elytral declivity>60 degrees.

Legs quite short and robust with femora clubbed. Protibia with seven acute spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia slightly sinuous on inner edge and slightly curved in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw.

Male genitalia. See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 66; apex of penis Fig. 66 ’; IX sternite Fig. 109.

Female genitalia. See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 152; VIII sternite Fig. 195.

Sexual dimorphism. Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed.

Paratypes variability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotype but differs in size.

Distribution. See Figs. 222, 222a. Italian endemic. Known only from Catanzaro, Terme di Caronte locality at 320 meters of elevation.

Etymology. Named from the Latin adjective calidus (hot in English) because the type locality Terme di Caronte is known for its hot thermal waters.

Ecology and Phenology. Adult specimens were collected in May, sifting the leaf litter of Quercus ilex, Smilax sp. & Heder a sp..

Main soil type. Calcaric Regosol ( European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012) .

Reproduction. Amphigonic.

Associated species. Sympatric with Pseudomeira lucana Bellò & Pierotti, 1992 .