Littoraria carinifera (Menke, 1830)

Figs 6 S–T

Phasianella carinifera Menke, 1830: 51, 141.

Littoraria (Palustorina) carinifera: Reid 1986: 186 –194, figs 80, 82–85 (full synonymy); Thach 2005: 53, pl. 72, fig. 1. Littoraria carinifera: Lozouet & Plaziat 2008: 116 –117, pl. 22, figs 14–15; Zvonareva et al. 2015: 8.

Material examined. Dam Bay, mangrove plantation, 3 specimens.

Abundance. Rare.

Measurements. Up to 24 mm (Reid 1986).

Ecological notes. Oviparous species (Reid 1986).

Lives at back of mangrove forest, in landward fringe on trunks and deadwood, on leaves of Nypa, on Bruguiera and Ceriops, also reported in marsh grass (Reid 1986).

In studied sites it was found on trunks and roots of mature Rhizophora trees in upper intertidal zone.

Relation to mangroves. Predominantly mangrove-associated.

Distribution in Vietnam. Central coast, southern delta (Thach 2005).

General distribution. From Pakistan to Irian Jaya (Reid 1986).