Brontostoma haematodes (Blanchard, 1846), species revalidated

(Figs. 12–15, 20–21, 37–44)

Ectrichodia haematodes Blanchard (1846: 219, Pl. 29, fig. 8) (description; colored drawing of a female specimen in dorsal view), Mayr (1866: 156) (checklist, as a junior synonym of Mindarus discus). Wygodzinsky (1951: 44) ( Ectrichodia haematodes Blanchard reinstated as a junior synonym of Brontostoma discus, based on variation in color and size of numerous specimens from several countries).

Mindarus haematodes: Stål (1872: 101) (checklist), Lethierry & Severin (1896: 134) (catalog).

Brontostoma haematodes: Wygodzinsky (1949: 22) (catalog), Maldonado (1990: 29) (catalog, as a junior synonym of B. discus, as stated by Mayr 1866).

Brontostoma discus nigricans Carpintero (1980: 12, 32) (description; dorsal view of the head, schematic drawing), Maldonado (1990: 29) (catalog), Bachmann (1999: 216) (catalog of types deposited in MACN), Gil-Santana et al. (2004: 127) (citation), Gil-Santana et al. (2005b: 78) (citation). New subjective synonym.

Diagnostic features. In B. haematodes the fore and middle femora have a larger group of papillae restricted to the ventral, basal portion, being much more numerous than in B. discus and extending distally for a longer distance, including the correspondent portion of the femora in which the spiniform process surrounded by setae is present in B. discus (Figs. 39, 41–42). There is no spiniform process. The papillae of the femora of a male specimen of B. haematodes are transversely striated under high magnification (Fig. 40). The medial process of the pygophore is sub-triangular and relatively narrow (Figs 43–44).

Type specimens. The type specimen of Brontostoma haematodes, sp. reval. is a female deposited in MNHN, corresponding to the specimen drawn on the plate of the original paper (Fig. 12). The length of the specimen (22 mm) is congruent with the description, and the handwritten label agrees with Blanchard’s writing (D. Pluot-Sigwalt pers. comm.). The possibility that the species was described based on more than one specimen cannot be excluded, therefore, by following the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999), Recommendation 73F, the examined specimen is considered as a syntype and is hereby designated as the lectotype.

The first species described after B. discus and considered its synonym was Ectrichodia haematodes (Mayr 1866, Wygodzinsky 1951). However, the examination of the lectotype of B. haematodes by J-MB show that its fore and middle femora (Fig. 15) does not have spiniform prominences or setae at their basis but only the line of papillae (Figs. 39, 41–42). Therefore, according to our observations, it is a different species from B. discus and it is revalidated here.

The holotype of B. discus nigricans, a male from Paraguay (Figs. 20–21), measuring 19.35 mm (Carpintero 1980), was examined by HRG-S and exhibit the same characters on the fore and middle femora as recorded for B. haematodes . Therefore, it is regarded here as a junior synonym of B. haematodes .

Material examined. Ectrichodia haematodes Blanchard: Female lectotype (here designated): [BOLIVIA], [handwritten label]: Ectrichodia / haematodes // [handwritten rounded label]: 8738 / 34 // [handwritten label]: 495 // [printed label]: Brontostoma / discus / (Burmeister) / det. V. Dougherty// [printed label]: Museum Paris / MNHN (EH) / 24654 // [handwritten red label]: Type de Blanchard / JMB [Jean-Michel Bérenger] dét. (MNHN).

Note: Dr Dominique Pluot-Sigwalt (MNHN) has kindly informed that in the D’Orbigny´s manuscript there are additional collecting information about this specimen: “Province de Chiquitos / Octobre—Décembre 1831 / sur des plantes dans des bois épais”.

Brontostoma discus nigricans Carpintero: Holotype male: Brontostoma / discus / nigricans / nov. ssp [handwritten] / [printed horizontal line] / Det. Dr. Carpintero [printed] // [red label]: ♂ [handwritten] / HOLOTYPUS [printed] // [handwritten label]: Paraguay / Aguerito / Concepción / X-966. J. Viana // [printed label]: MACN-En / 674 (MACN).

Additional specimens (all currently determined as Brontostoma haematodes by HRG-S): BRAZIL, Ba [h]ia, Jacobina, 1 male, xii.1941, Mangabeira leg., Brontostoma discus (Burm.), J. C. M. Carvalho det., 1992 ; Mato Grosso, Serra Caeté, Mirassol d´Oeste, 1 male, 30.xi.1984, Magno & Alvarenga [leg.], Brontostoma discus (Burm.), J. C. M. Carvalho det., 1992, (MNRJ) , Mato Grosso, Diamantino, E. Furtado leg., x.1997, 2 males (CTJMSB) .